Internet上各类化学信息与资源的检索

介绍了Ｉｎｔｉｒｎｅｔ的发展,Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ所提供的各种服务,以及通过Ｉｎｔｅｍｅｔ获取各种化学信息和资源的新趋势,着重介绍了运用通用搜索引擎和各种化学主题检索各类化学信息与资源,并对部分重要的化学信息和资源的网址提供了详细列表。     

全球最大的网间网Internet及其信息服务

本文在介绍了Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ起源与发展的基础、重点论述了Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ提供的主要信息服务及信息资源，并阐述了中国利用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的意义。     

Internet信息检索机制与技术

为了准确、快速地检索Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ上丰富的信息资源,世界各地的专家对Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ信息检索技术进行了深刻的研究。由于Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ在中国发展较晚,其信息检索方面的研究也相对薄弱,因此有必要对Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ信息资源的检索技术予以讨论。１　Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ文本信息资源检索在Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ上,为了使用户比较容易的检索到所需要的各种文本信息资源,经常使用的一些文本检索工具有Ａｒｃｈｉｅ、Ｇｏｐｈｅｒ、Ｖｅｒｏｎｉｃａ和ＷＡＩＳ等。１．１　文件名检索服务ＡｒｃｈｉｅＡｒｃｈｉｅ是由加拿大麦吉尔…     

基于Web的搜索引擎及其在化学信息资源导航中的应用

网络信息检索工具是Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ信息资源快速定位的重要方法。文章中结合建立Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ化学信息资源导航系统ＣｈＩＮ网一文检索系统的要求,讨论了全文检索的产生、现状和发展趋势。在对信息搜索机制和主要全文检索软件的分析比较的基础上,采用全文检索软件Ｉｓｅａｒｃｈ开发了ＣｈＩＮ网页的全文检索系统。同时给出了ＣｈＩＮ网页全文检索系统的应用实例。     

Internet与地学信息资源

Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ是遍布全球的、具有丰富信息资源的计算机网络，Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网上的信息资源包含了人类文明的方方面面，它使包括地球科学家在内的所有人共享信息资源成为现实。在Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网络中，地学信息资源不是杂乱无章的，它们有一定的规律和层次，有特定的地址和通用定位指针（ＵＲＬ）。本文着重介绍了包括ＧＩＳ和制图在内的、地球科学家感兴趣的网络信息资源，如新闻群组、邮件目录、资源指针等，并简述了在线获取这些信息资源的方法和途径     

Internet中教育信息资源开发和利用研究

主要探讨如何开发基于Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的教学系统和建立网上教育信息数据库;开发基于Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的信息检索系统和建立Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网络中教育信息资源的导航库,做好网上已有信息的搜索与导航工作。     

新手上网全接触

Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ既神奇又富有挑战性,对未知者充满着神秘;对勇于开拓者则是采不尽的宝藏。一旦用户计算机连上Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ,实际上就是在用户计算机与Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ之间建立一条信息公路,这样用户就可以通过这条信息公路获取丰富的信息资源。以下将提供实用的上网技术,一步步带领用户走上Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ,领略Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ世界的美景。探询其中的奥秘。     

基于数据库的Internet化学资源导航系统与用户的交互

针对基于文件方式管理的Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ化学化工资源导航系统的问题,结合ＣｈＩＮ的发展需求,在第二版ＣｈＩＮ中采用了关系数据库来管理整个导航系统,本文介绍了第二版ＣｈＩＮ的数据库设计和模块设计,着重对导航系统与用户的交互性进行分析设计,建立了Ｗｅｂ用户资源提交、用户对资源投标及评价信息的提交、信息订阅与发送、全文检索与关系数据库检索相结合的站点检索等系统,极大地提高了ＣｈＩＮ与用户的交互能力,既有助     

Internet与图书馆文献资源的开发利用

本文介绍了国外Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ网络后些常用功能与应用以及我国Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的发展现状。并阐述了Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ对图书馆文献资源的开发利用带来的好处以及图书馆如何适用Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的发展。     

基于Internet的信息资源发现技术与实现

Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ上大量,异质,分布,动态的信息造成了“信息过载”。在信息充斥的情况下,如何有效地为用户提供基于Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的资源发现服务已经成为一项重要而迫切的研究课题。搜索引擎部分地解决了资源发现的问题。然而其效果却远不能使人满意。文中首先提出了分布协作式资源发现策略,讨论了资源发现服务中所涉及的几项关键技术,包括：多维文档立方体数据模型。Ｗｅｂ文档检索,基于Ｚ３９,５０的书目检索以及基于Ａ     

The relationship between Internet identification,Internet anxiety and Internet use

This paper reports a study investigating the relationship between Internet identification, Internet anxiety and Internet use. The participants were 446 students (319 females and 127 males) from two universities in the UK and one university in Australia. Measures of Internet identification and Internet anxiety were developed. The majority of participants were NOT anxious about using the Internet, although there were approximately 8% who showed evidence of Internet anxiety. There was a significant and negative relationship between Internet anxiety and Internet use. Those who were more anxious about using the Internet used the Internet less, although the magnitude of effect was small. There was a positive and significant relationship between Internet use and Internet identification. Those who scored high on the measure of Internet identification used the Internet more than those who did not. There was also a significant and negative relationship between Internet anxiety and Internet identification. Finally, males had a significantly higher Internet identification score than females. Implications of these findings are discussed.     

基于动态网关体系结构的路由技术

移动自组网（MANET）的节点要进行Internet连接，就必须寻找Internet网关。如何寻找和维持与Internet网关的连接是这个问题的关键，再者，就是如何切换到一个更合适的相邻网关。MANET节点接入Internet有两种不同方式，即单一固定网关和多网关模式．文中提出动态网关的体系结构及适应此结构的路由协议（ADHR），动态网关作为MANET和Internet之间的接口起桥梁作用。仿真结果显示．ADHR路由协议更适合动态网关体系结构下的自组网与Internet互联。     

因特网上交互式化学信息数据库的设计与建设

我们正在戈一个提供化学分子检索／匹配功能的因特网上的化学数据库。该库设计为客户／服务模式。在服务端,我们用ＡＳＰ技术建造Ｗｅｂ服务器。在客户端,则使用自行开发的ＡｃｔｉｖｅＸ插件以便能在因特网浏览器上ＩＥ中显示三维分子结构及其有关数据。     

面向Internet的个性化智能信息检索

文中提出了一个面向Ｉｎｔｅｒｎｅｔ的个性化智能信息检索系统,该系统的研究内容属目前智能信息检索领域的重要研究课题。系统采用分布式智能体Ａｇｅｎｔ技术、相关反馈学习算法和基于多用户个性化模式的层次智能信息滤波算法,并采用多模块之间尖线交互机制和个性化检索与集中游览相结合的检索方式等方法,有效地解决了现有系统在交互方式、自适应用户兴趣和信息源的变化、高效并行检索等方面的不足,该系统普通适用于Ｉｎｔｅｒ     

Sitting at the virtual poker table: A prospective epidemiological study of actual Internet poker gambling behavior

Internet gambling is a potential object of addictive behavior and consequently an important concern for public health. Epidemiological analyses of Internet gambling are necessary to determine the extent of public health threat. This paper reports the results of the first prospective epidemiological study of actual Internet poker gambling behavior. Participants were 3445 Internet gambling service subscribers who enrolled during February 2005. Data include two years of recorded poker outcomes (i.e., chips bought and sold) for each poker session played. Among our sample, we identified two subgroups of poker players. Approximately 95% of the sample bought a median of €12 worth of chips at each of two poker sessions per week during a median duration from first to last bet of six months. A smaller subgroup (i.e., 5%) of most involved poker players bought a median of €89 worth of chip at each of 10 sessions per week during a median duration from first to last bet of 18 months. In addition to level differences, we report the differences in patterns of behavior observed between these two subgroups. The analyses presented in this paper suggest that the majority of Internet poker players moderated their behavior based on their wins and losses. A minority of most involved players did not show such moderation. These results have important implications for both gambling-and addiction-related research.     

互联网支付创新与发展研究

随着互联网和信息技术的发展,传统金融机构的支付结算方式发生了巨大变化,互联网支付成为支付领域的新方式。本文介绍了互联网支付的发展历程和发展现状,分析了其发展特点,最后通过列举经典案例,论述目前市场上几款互联网支付产品的发展情况,并对未来发展趋势进行了总结。     

Securing online privacy: An empirical test on Internet scam victimization,online privacy concerns,and privacy protection behaviors

The current study identified the antecedents of being an Internet scam victim and how it impacts online privacy concerns and privacy protection behaviors. Structural equation modeling on data from a survey of 11,534 Internet users revealed that one indicator of weak self-control (i.e., willingness of risky investments) and two indicators of routine Internet activities (i.e., online shopping and opening emails from unknown sources) positively predicted being an Internet scam victim. Subsequently, being an Internet scam victim predicted increased online privacy concerns, which, in turn, predicted elevated privacy protection behaviors. Moreover, we found that being an Internet scam victim mediated the effects of routine Internet activities on privacy protection behaviors and that online privacy concerns mediated the effect of being an Internet scam on privacy protection behaviors. Unlike most Internet privacy studies using protection motivation theory only, the current study contributes to the understanding of the Internet scam victimization by incorporating three new theories—extended parallel process model, self-control theory, and routine activity theory. The research findings provided valuable implications for theory and practice related to Internet scam processes and prevention.     

How do construal levels affect the intertemporal choices of Internet addicts?

Although various studies have shown that construal levels affect intertemporal choices, how this specifically occurs in individuals with Internet addiction remains unknown. We aimed to examine how do construal levels affect the intertemporal choices of Internet addicts. This study employed a 2 × 2 experimental design to explore this issue in greater depth, with 55 Internet addicts and 55 healthy controls that were well matched in age and gender. Each participant experienced one of two construal level priming conditions (high versus low) before completing an intertemporal decision-making task. The results of the experiment revealed that construal level had an effect on the intertemporal choices of Internet addicts as well as healthy controls. However, the subjective values of the intertemporal choices of participants with Internet addiction were significantly lower. Additionally, the subjective values of intertemporal choices were significantly higher among participants who had been primed to have a high construal (i.e., more abstract) mindset as opposed to a low construal (i.e., more concrete) one. This result further affirmed the influence of construal level on intertemporal choice, regardless of whether individuals were addicted to the Internet. Although Internet addicts discounted delayed gains more steeply than did normal Internet users, both exhibited shortsightedness in the low construal level priming condition. These results suggest that Internet addicts as well as normal users are more long-sighted in high construal level priming condition. Implications of the current findings for long-term benefit planning or goal setting and the development of effective interventions are discussed.     

Cognitive processing differences between frequent and infrequent Internet users

The Internet is rapidly transforming a range of human activities; socio-cognitive theory assumes that engagement in transformed activities, over time, transforms human cognition. Four hundred and six college students completed four modified cognitive assessment system subtests, each assessing one dimension of the PASS model of cognitive processing (i.e., planning, attention, simultaneous and successive processing). Students also completed a rating scale that determined the extent and nature of their use of the Internet. Without exception, frequent Internet users cognitively outperformed infrequent Internet users. Results are interpreted as supporting the validity of two theoretical positions; tool use increases cognitive capacity and tools represent extension of cognitive processes.     

自适应的未来网络体系架构

随着计算技术和互联网业务的蓬勃发展,用户对网络应用提出了越来越高的要求,多样化的需求使得现有Internet架构难以适用,成为了网络业务进一步发展的瓶颈.文中在分析当前Internet网络存在的问题、总结本源性因素的基础上,指出了自适应是未来网络的发展方向,可控、可管、可扩展和可信是实现自适应特性应满足的基本指标.在介绍和分析现有自适应未来网络关键技术和体系架构的同时,深入讨论了相关技术和体系结构的优势和兼容性,并在此基础上提出了自适应的未来网络体系架构,为未来网络的研究提供了参考.