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1.
本文给出了考虑噪声和非线性时的 ACD 传输模型。推导出时域量化噪声对谐波影响的公式。同时指出谱平均方法可以明显地减小量化噪声对谐波分析的影响,提高动态非线性测量的灵敏度和精度。最后给出计算机模拟测试结果。  相似文献   

2.
地震波初至时间的检测是地震信号处理中的一个重要环节.在地震波接收记录上,初至波振幅大于噪声振幅,初至时间位于纯噪声信号与地震有效信号和噪声之叠加信号之间的分界处.根据这些特征,本文把地震信号幅值数据处理成256级灰度图,再把灰度图二值化,然后通过检测二值图像的边缘,获得地震波的初至时刻.对于存在较多的连续异常记录道,或其它强干扰信号的地震波记录,提出了二次或多次用不同阈值对图像进行二值化的检测方法.对实际地震记录的处理表明,本文方法具有较高的精度和效率.  相似文献   

3.
设计了一种基于FPGA的静电支承系统数字控制电路,利用FPGA并行运算的优势提高运算速度和实时性。分析了A/D和D/A转换器分辨率对测控精度及量化噪声的影响,在此基础上选用了高精度A/D和D/A转换器以提高测控精度,降低量化噪声对检测信号的干扰。测试电路对直流和交流输入信号的响应,并用最小二乘法对误差进行校正和补偿,结果表明:电路对直流信号的测量误差在1mV以内;对频率1-500Hz范围内的交流信号幅值衰减最大为-0.092dB,相位滞后最大为-7°。  相似文献   

4.
高精度无线应变测量系统硬件设计   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
无线应变测量系统无需考虑布线,装卸快速,受到人们的日益关注.但精度不够高的缺点限制了其广泛应用.提高精度的有效途径是在硬件设计时控制电路中的误差,对电路中的精度影响因素进行了系统分析,推导出电桥电压噪声、运放噪声、量化噪声与系统精度的定量关系,并提出了电路设计中各部分的精度指标.以此为依据,采用高精度恒流稳压电源,简化滤波电路等手段,设计了相应的信号处理、数据采集和无线收发电路,并选用低功耗器件以降低系统功耗.试验结果表明:该系统测量精度为0.245%,总功率最大时为178 mW,相关系数为0.998,多次测量重复性好,系统满足设计要求.  相似文献   

5.
为了解决高维图像特征的高效匹配问题,提出一种新的基于多次随机子向量量化哈希(MRSVQH)的索引算法.该算法根据随机选择的若干子向量的L2范数对特征向量进行量化,并根据量化值对特征向量进行散列,构建出哈希索引结构;为了提高搜索精度,类似的哈希索引结构被多次构建.搜索时仅考察与查询向量有相同哈希值的特征向量集合,缩减了搜索范围.实验数据表明,与经典的BBF和LSH算法相比,MRSVQH算法在图像特征的最近邻搜索精度和搜索速度方面都有较大的性能提升,在图像匹配和图像检索的应用中具有优势.  相似文献   

6.
野值存在下的BP网络自适应卡尔曼滤波   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
野值的存在会严重影响滤波器的稳定性和滤波精度,甚至会引起滤波器发散。定量分析了野值对卡尔曼滤波器的影响,提出了一种抗野值的BP网络自适应卡尔曼滤波算法。通过BP网络对新息序列估计方差的变化率进行实时监测和计算,输出一组加权系数对模型中系统噪声和量测噪声作"在线"修正,从而有效地抑制了连续野值对滤波器的影响。经仿真证明算法提高了滤波器的精度和稳定性,同时对单个离散野值也有较好的滤波效果。  相似文献   

7.
在互联网视频应用领域中,视频在经过多次转码后相对于原始节目的失真难以控制,为此,提出一种对视频多次转码后的总失真进行估计的方法。首先,研究多次有损转码失真的叠加过程,找到了多次失真叠加后总体失真的下限;然后,用概率论的方法给出了总体失真的一个估计;最后,根据估计误差,采用最小二乘拟合对该估计进行修正。实验结果表明,经过修正后,Y、U和V三分量最终失真的平均估计误差仅为0.02dB,0.05dB和0.06dB,这说明该方法能够有效且准确地估计出视频转码的总体失真值。  相似文献   

8.
用低位A/D变换器通过滤除量化噪声达到高位A/D变换器的性能,一直是信号处理研究人员关注的问题。针对通信中常见的中频带通信号,本文提出了一种采用后置数字带通滤波器降低信号量化噪声、改善A/D变换精度的方法,以一种常见的中频带通信号为例,分析了该方法的性能,并通过仿真进行验证。结果表明,对A/D变换后的信号进行后置数字带通滤波处理,量化噪声大幅度降低,A/D变换性能得以明显提高。本文还对量化噪声的传统统计模型进行了改进,放宽了传统统计模型中量化噪声为白噪声的假设条件。  相似文献   

9.
为使神经网络模型能在实时性要求较高且内存容量受限的边缘设备上部署使用,提出一种基于半波高斯量化与交替更新的混合压缩方法。对神经网络模型输入部分进行2 bit均匀半波高斯量化,将量化值输入带有缩放因子的二值网络通过训练得到初始二值模型,利用交替更新方法对已训练的二值模型进行逐层微调以提高模型测试精度。在CIFAR-10和ImageNet数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法能有效降低参数和结构冗余所导致的内存和时间开销,在神经网络模型压缩比接近30的前提下,测试精度相比HWGQ-Net方法提高0.8和2.0个百分点且实现了10倍的训练加速。  相似文献   

10.
基于量化新息的容积粒子滤波融合目标跟踪算法   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对现有非线性网络化目标跟踪融合算法存在的精度低和实用性差等不足,以一类带有噪声相关的非线性网络化目标跟踪系统为对象,研究基于测量新息量化策略和容积粒子滤波(Cubature particle filter,CPF)的目标跟踪融合算法. 首先,利用状态方程恒等变换和矩阵相似变换理论解除过程噪声与测量噪声以及测量噪声之间的相关性;其次,各个传感器节点采用自适应策略量化局部测量新息并将其发送到融合中心(Fusion center,FC);随后,在集中式融合框架下采用容积粒子滤波器设计基于测量值扩维的量化融合跟踪算法,进而给出相应的顺序滤波量化融合算法,上述算法可有效解决因自适应量化引起的非高斯问题;最后,通过两个计算机仿真实验验证了所提出跟踪算法的有效性.  相似文献   

11.
In several applications where binary contours are used to represent and classify patterns, smoothing must be performed to attenuate noise and quantization error. This is often implemented with local weighted averaging of contour point coordinates, because of the simplicity, low-cost and effectiveness of such methods. Invoking the “optimality” of the Gaussian filter, many authors will use Gaussian-derived weights. But generally these filters are not optimal, and there has been little theoretical investigation of local weighted averaging methods per se. This paper focuses on the direct derivation of optimal local weighted averaging methods tailored towards specific computational goals such as the accurate estimation of contour point positions, tangent slopes, or deviation angles. A new and simple digitization noise model is proposed to derive the best set of weights for different window sizes, for each computational task. Estimates of the fraction of the noise actually removed by these optimum weights are also obtained. Finally, the applicability of these findings for arbitrary curvature is verified, by numerically investigating equivalent problems for digital circles of various radii  相似文献   

12.
Correlation is a fundamental technique to detect signals buried in noise. However, due to noise, the fluctuations of the output signal may be significant and the detection of the desired signal can then fail. It is known that a simple one-bit correlator receiver can give nearly identical performance to the full precision correlator in determining time delays in medium signal-to-noise ratio situations, when averaging several successive correlation signals. An oversampled and averaged version of the correlator, with input quantization to a low number of bits, is studied here using simulation. It is demonstrated that, by oversampling the received signal at a multiple of the correlation code clock rate and averaging over several successive samples, performance similar to that of the full precision correlator may be attained to in low SNR situations.  相似文献   

13.
The effects of quantization on multilayer neural networks   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The effect of weight quantization in multilayer neural networks is discussed. A method is derived by which one can predict the performance degradation at the output given the properties of the network and number of bits of quantization. Predictions from this method are evaluated against simulation results. An algorithm to decrease the noise at the output is presented and the results are compared with those above.  相似文献   

14.
The accuracy of the frequency estimation of a sine wave corrupted by quantization noise using the Interpolated Discrete Fourier Transform (IpDFT) method is affected by systematic and random errors. The systematic errors are independent of quantization noise and are due to the interferences from the image parts of the sine wave spectrum. They depend of the acquisition parameter – integer number of recorded sine wave cycles. The random errors are due to the quantization noise and depend on the acquisition parameter – number of acquired samples. In this paper for the situations in which the IpDFT method uses the maximum side lobe decay windows a condition for the integer part of the number of recorded sine wave cycles is derived to ensure that the systematic errors are very small compared with the quantization errors. Also, a condition for the number of samples is derived to ensure that the absolute error of the normalized frequency due to the random errors is smaller than a desired value with a high confidence level. Carried out simulations confirm the validity of each derived condition.  相似文献   

15.
以一种量化正交指纹为基础,通过理论分析和仿真实验,研究扩展变换对量化数字指纹抵抗平均合谋攻击能力的影响,并对包含和不包含扩展变换的量化数字指纹进行比较。结果表明,定义为扩展参数和方向参数的比值的扩展变换增益因子对含扩展变换的量化数字指纹抵抗平均攻击的性能有重要影响。在不同的噪声强度下,抗合谋攻击能力随扩展变换增益因子变化的变化方式不同。此外,扩展变换增益因子等于1使得扩展变换量化指纹与对应的非扩展变换量化指纹的抗平均合谋攻击能力相当。  相似文献   

16.
In this paper, we consider the problem of state estimation for linear discrete-time dynamic systems using quantized measurements. This problem arises when state estimation needs to be done using information transmitted over a digital communication channel. We investigate how to design the quantizer and the estimator jointly. We consider the use of a logarithmic quantizer, which is motivated by the fact that the resulting quantization error acts as a multiplicative noise, an important feature in many applications. Both static and dynamic quantization schemes are studied. The results in the paper allow us to understand the tradeoff between performance degradation due to quantization and quantization density (in the infinite-level quantization case) or number of quantization levels (in the finite-level quantization case).  相似文献   

17.
一种计算图象形态梯度的多尺度算法   总被引:28,自引:1,他引:27       下载免费PDF全文
分水岭变换是一种非常适用于图象分割的形态算子,然而,基于分水岭变换的图象分割方法,其性能在很大程度上依赖于用来计算待分割图象梯度的算法。为了高效地进行分水岭变换,提出了一种计算图象形态梯度的多尺度算法,从而对阶跃边缘和“模糊”边缘进行了有效的处理,此外,还提出了一种去除因噪声或量化误差造成的局部“谷底”的算法,实验结果表明,图象采用本文算法处理后,再进行分水岭变换,即使不进行区域合并,也能产生有意义的分割,因而极大地减轻了计算负担。  相似文献   

18.
星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)压缩后的原始数据信噪比是SAR系统设计时原始数据压缩比选取以及应用分析的重要理论依据,前人常用的量化信噪比并不能完全表征压缩后信号与噪声的关系.本文提出了量化区间跃迁的统计概率模型,旨在得出考虑系统噪声情况下,饱和度全集上星载SAR原始数据信噪比在ADC前与BAQ后的映射关系:当回波信号功率较小,输入信噪比较低时,4bit,3bit,2bit,1bitBAQ压缩后信噪比区别不大;当回波为中等功率信号且信噪比较高时,压缩比特数每减少1bit,信噪比恶化约5dB;当回波功率较大,ADC饱和时,量化后原始数据信噪比呈阶跃性下降,饱和度越高,信噪比恶化越严重.本文采用模拟高斯数据和实测SAR原始数据验证了理论结果的正确性,为星载SAR系统设计时BAQ压缩比的选取以及后续的应用分析提供了理论依据.  相似文献   

19.
In this paper, the variance normalized averaging (VNA) and the optimal weighted averaging (OWA) are derived and their application to the surface detection of cardiac micropotentials is discussed. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation showed that VNA and OWA are superior to the conventional signal averaging (CSA) in reducing random noise with changing variance and the larger the change of noise variance the better the improvements of VNA and OWA relative to CSA. Clinical application of VNA and OWA using a proposed noise variance estimation technique indicated that residual noise on the PR and ST segments can be further reduced in most of the cases. This manifests that the new techniques have a potential advantage for improving the effectiveness of signal averaging as a fundamental method for surface detection of cardiac micropotentials.  相似文献   

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