基于集成参比电极的多参数水质监测微传感器阵列研制

研究了一种基于MEMS工艺制备的集成微电极型传感器,并用电化学修饰方法将Ag/AgCl参比电极集成在传感器上,用于水体中温度、电导率和氧化还原电位的测定.Pt温度传感器的电阻与温度的线性关系良好,满足温度测量精度的需求;比较法确定电导率传感器的电极常数为2.723,可以对一般水体的电导率进行测定;氧化还原电位传感器的标...     

L-半胱氨尾式卟啉铜(Ⅱ)自组装修饰金电极制备及对地表水中苯酚的检测

将制备的L-半胱氨卟啉铜(Ⅱ)(CuL)配合物自组装在Au电极表面,获得电化学苯酚传感器(CuL/Au CME).在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中于-0.4～0.5V(vs.SCE)电位范围内有一对氧化还原峰,其峰电位分别为氧化峰电位Epa=90mV,还原峰电位Epc=-60mV.实验表明该电极上,苯酚可被CuL催化氧化,通过产物在电位0.1 V下的电化学响应对苯酚进行测定,测定过程不需要再向体系中添加媒介体.该电极对苯酚表现出快速的响应(响应时间＜10s).传感器对苯酚的测定具有较宽的线性范围(5×10-7～2.5×10-4 mol/l),检出限为2.0×10-7mol/l.测定了电极稳定性,将该电极用于地表水中苯酚含量检测,并与标准4-氨基安替比林分光光度法作了对照,结果满意.     

L-半胱胺尾式卟啉铜(II)自组装修饰金电极制备及对地表水中苯酚的检测

将制备的L-半胱氨卟啉铜(Ⅱ)(CuL)配合物自组装在Au电极表面,获得电化学苯酚传感器(CuL/AuCME)。在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液中于-0.4～0.5V(vs.SCE)电位范围内有一对氧化还原峰,其峰电位分别为氧化峰电位Epa=90mV,还原峰电位Epc=-60mV。实验表明该电极上,苯酚可被CuL催化氧化,通过产物在电位0.1V下的电化学响应对苯酚进行测定,测定过程不需要再向体系中添加媒介体。该电极对苯酚表现出快速的响应(响应时间<10s)。传感器对苯酚的测定具有较宽的线性范围(5×10-7～2.5×10-4mol/l),检出限为2.0×10-7mol/l。测定了电极稳定性,将该电极用于地表水中苯酚含量检测,并与标准4-氨基安替比林分光光度法作了对照,结果满意。     

一种安培型尿酸生物传感器的初步研究

利用铁氰化钾作为电化学反应的媒介体,将尿酸氧化酶固定在羧甲基纤维素处理的碳电极表面,制成了一种新型的尿酸安培传感器.该传感器在恒电位0.3 V和尿酸氧化酶的催化作用下,使被检测物--尿酸--氧化,铁氰化钾还原,在电极表面产生灵敏的氧化-还原峰,然后利用安培法即可对尿酸进行间接测定.10秒内即可达到输出稳态电流,尿酸的测定范围为1 mg/dL～20 mg/dL,线性范围较好,拟合系数为0.9723.同时该传感器对尿酸的测定避免了常规电化学传感器测定中样品所含大量的易氧化物质带来的干扰.     

镍和氧化镍膜修饰的过氧化氢传感器的研究

该文研究了一种新的过氧化氢电化学传感器的制备方法.在含镍离子的溶液中用电化学方法在玻碳电极(GCE)表面修饰一层镍和氧化镍膜(Ni/Ni2O3),在一定电位条件下,该传感器能催化氧化过氧化氢,其响应电流与过氧化氢的浓度在1.5×10-7～3.8×10-3 mol/L范围内呈线性关系.研究了各种实验条件对过氧化氢传感器性能的影响.该传感器制作简单,使用寿命长,在实际试样的回收率测定中,结果满意.     

一种葡萄糖氧化酶安培传感器研究

利用铁氰化钾作为电化学反应的媒介体,将葡萄糖氧化酶固定在羧甲基纤维素处理的碳电极表面,制成了一种新型的葡萄糖安培传感器.该传感器在恒电位0.4 V和葡萄糖氧化酶的催化作用下,使被检测物--葡萄糖--氧化,铁氰化钾还原,在电极表面产生灵敏氧化-还原峰,利用安培法可对葡萄糖进行间接测定.葡萄糖的测定范围为2.7～27 mmol/L,线性范围较好,拟合系数为0.997 8,灵敏度较当前葡萄糖传感器有明显的提高,11 s内即可达到输出稳态电流.同时该传感器对葡萄糖的测定避免了常规电化学传感器测定中样品所含大量的易氧化物质--如抗坏血酸和尿酸--带来的干扰.     

基于氧化亚铜纳米立方体的无酶葡萄糖传感器的研制

采用多元醇水热法制备单晶氧化亚铜纳米立方体并用透射电镜观察其形貌．将其分散在Nation溶液中修饰玻碳电极制成电化学传感器,用于葡萄糖的直接电化学测定。考察了该传感器的电化学特性,同时探讨了pH、工作电位等条件对传感器性能的影响。实验结果表明：在电位为500mV时,该传感器检测葡萄糖的线性范围为9．9×10^-5～1．14×10^-2mol／L,检测下限为3．3×10^-5mol／L。线性相关系数为0．991。该方法快捷、灵敏、分析性能好,操作简便。将其应用于血清中葡萄糖含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

苯胺红T与辣根过氧化氢酶共固定无试剂过氧化氢传感器的研制

将辣根过氧化氢酶(HRP)与氧化还原型染料苯胺红T(ST)用戊二醛交联共固定在玻碳电极的表面,制得了无试剂过氧化氢传感器.该传感器在水溶液中显示了很好的电化学活性.苯胺红的表现覆盖度为9.22×10-11mol/cm2,苯胺红与玻碳电极之间的异相电子转移速率常数为0.066 s-1,研究了响应时间、检测限、检测电位、溶液pH和测定温度等因素对传感器性能的影响.在优化条件下,该传感器对过氧化氢的最低检测限为1.0×l0-7mol/L.多巴胺、抗坏血酸和尿酸等不干扰过氧化氢的测定.而且,该酶电极显示了较好的稳定性.     

微型电流式生物传感器

1967年 Updike 和 Hick 根据 Clark 等人提出的酶和电极相结合测定酶底物的原理,应用酶固定化技术研制出世界上第一支以氧电极为基础的葡萄糖传感器,开拓了一个新的生物传感器研究领域。其后相继发展出组织、微生物、免疫和细胞等生物传感器。其中基于电化学原理进行测定的生物电化学传感器是生物传感器的一个重要分支。依据生物电化学传感器电信号测定方式的不同,一般可分为电流式、电位式和电导式三类,电流式和电位式占主导地位。电流式电化学生物传感器的基础电极一般是 O_2、H_2O_2、H_2电极。现已经研制出多种不同的电流式生物传感器,且许多已商品化,广泛地应用在国民经济各个领域,许多学者作了这方面的详细综述。     

基于室温离子液体的肼蒸气传感器

利用电化学循环伏安法研究了水合肼蒸气在室温离子液体BmimPF6中的电化学行为,测得其在0.94V处可以被电化学氧化,且该氧化峰电流受肼在BmimPF6中的扩散所控制并推算出其氧化反应电子数为0.8.在此基础上,构建了以BmimPF6为电解质的准固态肼蒸气电化学气体传感器.该传感器对浓度范围为1.1～25.4μmol/L的水合肼蒸气呈线性响应.同时,该传感器也表现出了良好的稳定性与重复性.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。     

基于AD9626的模拟信号采集存储卡设计

自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。     

A human-computer interface for non-computer specialists

The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Call for papers Special issue on Modeling and control technologies for civil,energy,and power systems

正The control of civil,energy,and power systems presents significant new challenges for modeling and control theory.The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for researchers and practical engineers to discuss the recent advances in modeling and control technology development for civil,energy,and power systems.Prospective authors are invited to submit their original contributions with the focus on theory or applications of modeling,control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate and promote academic exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists everywhere.