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1.
合理调度集装箱码头的装卸设备以减少生产过程中的能耗, 对实现其低碳绿色化发展具有重要意义. 针对集装箱码头向自动化发展过程中的双小车岸桥与AGV (Automated guided vehicle)联合配置及调度问题, 考虑AGV续航时间、双小车岸桥中转平台容量和堆场缓冲支架容量约束, 以岸桥的能耗最小为第一阶段模型的优化目标, 以AGV运输过程的能耗最小为第二阶段目标建立两阶段优化模型; 设计枚举法求解第一阶段模型, 改进遗传算法求解第二阶段优化模型. 以洋山四期自动化集装箱码头为例进行实验分析, 针对不同船舶在港总装卸时间和AGV配置原则进行实验, 验证了模型和算法的有效性, 结果表明以最小化能耗为目标的双小车岸桥与AGV联合调度可在岸桥主小车不延误的前提下, 显著减少AGV的配置数量.  相似文献   

2.
针对自动化集装箱码头(automated container terminals,ACT)的自动导引车 ( automatic guided vehicle,AGVs) 与自动化双小车岸桥(double-trolley quay cranes,QCs)协调调度优化问题,以上海洋山港四期工程的实际布局和装卸工艺为基础,考虑装卸同时进行条件下以最小化任务总完工时间为目标,建立带有时间窗约束的双小车岸桥和AGV的协调调度模型,并采用遗传算法对实际算例进行求解。通过灵敏度分析,验证了该模型及算法的有效性,并对遗传算法参数设置的有效性进行检验。结果分析表明,该调度方法有助于提高自动化集装箱码头的作业效率,减少集装箱船的在港时间,提高码头竞争力。  相似文献   

3.
为解决自动化码头海侧多阶段设备作业的协调问题,加快集装箱在码头内部的周转过程。考虑干扰约束下分组作业面的的岸桥自动导引小车(AGV)联合调度问题。以岸桥、AGV完工时间和AGV等待时间加权总和最小为目标,考虑岸桥实际操作中的干扰约束与AGV堵塞等待等情况,建立岸桥与AGV联合调度优化模型。提出岸桥动态调度与AGV分组作业面调度模式,设计不同规模的算例,并采用遗传算法(GA)进行求解,将计算结果与传统调度模式进行对比。结果表明,该算法能有效提高岸桥与AGV作业效率,降低AGV的等待时间与堵塞次数,为码头实际作业提供依据。  相似文献   

4.
为了提高自动化集装箱码头AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)的作业效率,根据采用电力驱动的AGV作业时的充电需求和运输过程的特性,考虑了垂岸式集装箱堆场布局和AGV充电过程对实际作业的影响,以最大化AGV充电利用率、最小化最末任务完成时间、最小化AGV空载时间为目标,以AGV充电后的续航能力等为约束条件,以遗传算法为研究方法,构建了考虑充电过程的自动化码头AGV作业的调度模型。通过算例分析,对比了遗传算法与混合整数规划算法的求解效果,分析了参与运输的AGV数量对运输时间的影响,也验证了遗传算法给出的调度方案的可信性。最后得出结论:针对该问题,遗传算法可以快速、高效地给出值得信赖的AGV调度方案。  相似文献   

5.
在集装箱码头操作系统中,有效的泊位岸桥调度计划有助于提高码头的运营效率和客户满意度。针对船舶到港时间和装卸作业时间随机的泊位岸桥联合调度问题,综合考虑了连续泊位下船舶偏离偏好泊位产生的惩罚时间,并通过添加延缓时间的方法来吸收不确定性因素带来的影响。为了体现调度计划的鲁棒性,将延缓时间添加在目标函数中,建立了以船舶在港总时间、偏离偏好泊位的惩罚时间、客户满意度和延缓时间之和最小化为目标的混合整数规划模型,提出一种自改变遗传算法和启发式靠泊相结合的改进遗传算法对模型进行求解;通过算例分析,证明了提出的改进遗传算法在计算不确定环境下的泊位岸桥联合调度问题的有效性。  相似文献   

6.
为提高自动化集装箱港口设备AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle)和堆场场桥的工作效率,减少它们之间衔接作业的相互等待时间,建立了带有缓存区设置的集装箱码头AGV和堆场场桥的联合调度模型。利用遗传算法进行算例求解,得到相应的调度方案和以场桥的作业延迟时间、AGV的总行驶时间及场桥等待AGV时间之和最小为目标的完工时间。再针对不同的缓存区容量的设置进行调度方案完工时间的结果比较。实验结果表明,缓存的设置可以有效减少AGV和堆场场桥衔接作业中相互等待的时间,而缓存区容量在一定范围内对于完成作业时间有较大影响。  相似文献   

7.
绿色港口日渐成为港口发展的必然趋势,为了提高集装箱码头的服务水平及降低其能耗,综合分析了集装箱码头的装卸作业流程,考虑岸桥、场桥、集卡在不同作业状态下的能耗,且以总完工时间和总作业能耗最小为目标建立了多目标混合整数规划模型。使用MATLAB编码改进自适应遗传算法求解所建模型,并分别与CPLEX和原始遗传算法的求解结果作对比,证明了该算法的优秀性。更改能耗目标和作业时间目标所占权重进行求解,发现考虑各设备在不同作业状态下的能耗会影响总完工时间,且能耗与作业时间是相互冲突的目标,追求低能耗会造成作业效率的牺牲。分析结果表明,所建模型和算法在岸桥、场桥和集卡的协调调度问题中可以帮助决策者更好地权衡作业时间和能耗目标。  相似文献   

8.
薛海蓉  韩晓龙 《计算机应用》2023,(12):3848-3855
针对自动引导车(AGV)在自动化集装箱码头(ACT)执行任务过程中的电量问题,提出基于改进的非支配排序遗传算法-Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)的考虑AGV充电策略的集成调度。首先,在岸桥、场桥和AGV集成调度模式下,考虑AGV在不同作业状态下的耗电量,并建立以最小化作业完工时间和总耗电量为目标的多目标混合规划模型;其次,为提高传统NSGA-Ⅱ的性能,设计自适应NSGA-Ⅱ,并将所提算法与CPLEX求解器、NSGA-Ⅱ和多目标粒子群优化(MOPSO)算法进行性能对比;最后,设计AGV不同充电策略并对设备数量配比进行实验研究。算法对比实验结果表明:相较于传统NSGA-Ⅱ算法,自适应NSGA-Ⅱ对双目标的优化分别提升了2.8%和2.63%。利用自适应NSGA-Ⅱ进行的充电策略和设备数量配比实验的结果表明:增加AGV充电次数能够减少AGV的充电时间,且调整设备数量配比至3∶3∶9和3∶7∶3时,场桥和AGV的时间利用率分别达到最高。可见,AGV充电策略及设备数量配比对码头多设备集成调度有一定影响。  相似文献   

9.
为解决自动化码头岸桥、AGV、场桥三个资源协同调度中AGV的路口碰撞问题,考虑任务分配、AGV的避碰约束,建立一个所有任务最大完工时间最小化为目标的混合整数规划模型。通过设置路口的相容和冲突相位,使处于相容相位的AGV可以同时通过。对考虑避碰规则和不考虑避碰规则的实验数组进行分析,比较其解的优劣性。实验结果表明在考虑避碰规则下的AGV能有效减少冲突次数,实现相容相位小车的避碰,使调度结果更优化,提高整个作业流程的效率。  相似文献   

10.
范厚明  牟爽  岳丽君 《计算机应用》2022,42(7):2281-2291
针对自动化集装箱码头自动导引车(AGV)调度与无冲突路径规划问题,提出了AGV冲突拥堵解决策略以生成无冲突路径。首先,考虑堆场缓冲支架的容量,运行路径无拥堵、节点无冲突约束,以最大完工时间最小、AGV总行驶时间最短为目标建立两阶段混合整数规划模型;其次,设计改进的自适应遗传算法、基于冲突拥堵解决策略的迪杰斯特拉算法求得AGV调度方案与无冲突路径。算例分析结果表明:改进的自适应遗传算法相较遗传算法平均求解时间降低了13.56%,且目标函数平均差距率为9.01%;基于冲突拥堵解决策略相较停车等待策略使得水平运输区拥堵度降低67.6%,AGV等待时间减少66.7%。可见,所提算法求解质量高且速度快,同时验证了所提策略的有效性。  相似文献   

11.
对自动化集装箱码头AGV(automatic guided vehicle)自动运输系统路径规划算法和港口布局进行深入研究之后,针对岸桥与堆场之间路径规划中可能出现的冲突以及任务分配不均等问题,提出了基于动态平衡策略的自动化码头多AGV路径优化算法。通过对Dijkstra算法进行改进,在考虑路径距离的基础上,同时引入该路径上预计通过的AGV数量,实现了路径分配的动态平衡;提出了改进速度控制策略和重新规划路径控制策略,有效减少了冲突次数,且减少了道路堵塞率。建立了基于动态平衡策略与基于MAS(multi-agent system, MAS)的控制方式对比实验,结果表明该算法能有效求解500个任务以上的大规模任务分配问题,并且显著降低平均堵塞率0.000 8~0.005 5。此算法亦可应用于其他类型的码头布局中,进一步提高了码头水平运输效率。  相似文献   

12.
The uninterrupted operation of the quay crane (QC) ensures that the large container ship can depart port within laytime, which effectively reduces the handling cost for the container terminal and ship owners. The QC waiting caused by automated guided vehicles (AGVs) delay in the uncertain environment can be alleviated by dynamic scheduling optimization. A dynamic scheduling process is introduced in this paper to solve the AGV scheduling and path planning problems, in which the scheduling scheme determines the starting and ending nodes of paths, and the choice of paths between nodes affects the scheduling of subsequent AGVs. This work proposes a two-stage mixed integer optimization model to minimize the transportation cost of AGVs under the constraint of laytime. A dynamic optimization algorithm, including the improved rule-based heuristic algorithm and the integration of the Dijkstra algorithm and the Q-Learning algorithm, is designed to solve the optimal AGV scheduling and path schemes. A new conflict avoidance strategy based on graph theory is also proposed to reduce the probability of path conflicts between AGVs. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm over existing methods.   相似文献   

13.
At present, the automation of handling equipment has changed the operation mode in the automated container terminal. This paper investigates the automated quay crane scheduling problem (AQCSP) for the automated container terminal. The operation process of AQCSP is decomposed, and formulated it as a mixed integrated programming model. In the numerical experiments, the relation between operation efficiency and energy consumption has been quantitative analyzed by case study. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the ratios for all tasks in a vessel bay and the tasks in each stack are also presented. The findings of this study will provide a theoretical reference for the study on the trade-off operation efficiency and energy consumption on the operational level.  相似文献   

14.
To resolve the problems of operational efficiency, energy consumption and operational cost of an entire container terminal, the yard crane scheduling secures a crucial position during terminal operational process. Accordingly, it is imperative to develop an efficient yard crane scheduling strategy. In this study, the knowledge acquisition was initially conducted. Subsequently, a knowledge sorting process, including the taxonomic tree generation and organization of acquired knowledge, was completed. Afterwards, the rules were extracted for the purpose of yard crane scheduling. Furthermore, a mechanism was deployed for knowledge reasoning. Consequently, a knowledge-based system was established with regard to yard crane scheduling. To this end, a case study was used to illustrate the proposed knowledge-based system.  相似文献   

15.
This paper focuses on the container loading and unloading problem with dynamic ship arrival times. Using a determined berth plan, in combination with the reality of a container terminal production scheduling environment, this paper proposes a scheduling method for quay cranes that can be used for multiple vessels in a container terminal, based on a dynamic rolling-horizon strategy. The goal of this method is to minimize the operation time of all ships at port and obtain operation equilibrium of quay cranes by establishing a mathematical model and using a genetic algorithm to solve the model. Numerical simulations are applied to calculate the optimal loading and unloading order and the completion time of container tasks on a ship. By comparing this result with the traditional method of quay crane loading and unloading, the paper verifies that the quay crane scheduling method for multiple vessels based on a dynamic rolling-horizon strategy can provide a positive contribution to improve the efficiency of container terminal quay crane loading and unloading and reduce resource wastage.  相似文献   

16.
It is discussed how to route transfer crane during loading operation of export containers in port container terminal. We determine the number of containers which transfer crane picks up at each yard-bay as well as the sequence of yard-bays which transfer crane visits during the tour. The objective is to minimize the total container handling time of the transfer crane including the set-up time at each yard-bay and the travel time between consecutive yard-bays. This routing problem is formulated as an integer programming. An efficient optimizing algorithm is also developed for the crane routing problem.  相似文献   

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