广东大学生创业孵化基地建设的路径研究

大学生创业孵化基地的建设对于大学生创业理论的学习和创业实践能力的提升具有重要意义,它是促进大学生成功创办企业的有效途径。本文通过分析当前广东大学生创业孵化基地建设中存在的问题,并探索出解决对策,以期推动当前广东大学生创业孵化基地的有效建设,最终提高广东大学生创业的成功率。     

项目带动基地孵化 探索创新创业教育体系

开展大学生创新创业教育是新形势下毕业生就业工作的迫切要求。多年来,济源职业技术学院结合办学特色,全面推进大学生素质教育,把创新精神和创业能力培养作为育人的重要目标,通过各种有效途径,开展多种形式的创新创业实践,逐步构建了以"营造创业氛围—搭建创业平台—创业项目孵化—培育创业人才"为主线的大学生创新创业教育体系,取得了良好成效。     

云计算在大学生创新创业训练计划中的应用研究

提出目前大学生创新创业训练计划项目中存在的问题,分析云计算在大学生创新创业训练计划中的应用情况,设计并说明基于云计算的大学生创新创业平台框架,以解决大学生创新创业训练计划项目的管理、创业孵化和就业问题。     

辅导员在大学生创业教育中的引导性策略研究

当前，就业竞争日益激烈，就业形势日趋严峻，大学生就业已经成为社会关注的焦点问题。鼓励大学生创业，发展大学生创业教育不仅可以解决大学生本身就业困难的问题，而且还可以为社会提供大量就业岗位，从而缓船我国目前由于经济结构调整而造成的全国范围内的就业问题。作为思想政治教育一线工作者的辅导员如何提高大学生的创业教育，引导大学生积极创业，具有重要的意义。     

高职院校就业创业教育服务保障体系的完善

党的十八大三中全会提出要深化教育领域综合改革,健全促进就业创业体制机制。高职院校作为技能型人才培养的重要输出部门,在发展和提高学生创业基本素质教育的同时,更应重视就业创业服务保障体系的完善,从强化就业创业师资队伍建设,培养提升学生就业创业技能;积极营造校园创业氛围,系统开展就业创业实践活动;整合校内外资源,开发就业创业基地;开展专业化的就业创业咨询;建立就业创业教育服务评价体系五个方面完善就业创业教育服务保障体系,为社会提供具有创新思想,创业能力的高质素技能型人才。     

中职学校在校生电子商务项目创业孵化的实践与研究

随着社会电子商务的发展,学生的就业情况发生了改变,因此学校的教育为适应这种社会的变化,其教育方式也必须做出适当的改变。在现代高校中开始创建和使用一种新的创业孵化中心,起到培养出高素质的创业人才,发挥学生创业带动就业的作用。而在我国的中职学校教育中这种创业孵化中心却很少。本文将以福建省厦门电子职业中专学校电子商务项目创业孵化中心的创建课题为例,在以服务为宗旨、以就业为导向,坚持小企合作、创学合一、实战驱动的核心理念和思路下,为学生搭建一个创业平台。本文将对中职院校创业孵化中心的实践进行研究。     

基于Internet的现代企业创业决策实验系统的开发与应用研究

为深化我国高等院校教育教学改革,强化学生自主创业理念,提高学生自主创业能力,切实有效地缓解高校大学生的就业压力,在此,在深入开展调查研究现代企业主要创办流程的基础上,引进市场竞争机制,充分运用现代信息技术和仿真技术,构造出了变动着的市场经济形势,以及一定经济形势和可利用资金条件下的现代企业创业决策实验系统,并将其构建于Internet运行平台上。满足了高校学生的个性化和交互式创业实践服务要求,为提高其创业决策水平和能力做出了积极的贡献。     

当代大学生创业现状及对策初探

大学是创新知识、人才培养的基地,也是培养创业者的“摇篮”。近年来。随着大学生就业形势的日益严峻,推动大学生自主创业作为减缓就业压力的一个重要途径越来越受到人们的关注。经过十几年的发展我国的创业教育已初见成效,大学生创业也越多地被社会接受。然而我国大学生创业的平均比例和成功率与世界平均水平还有很大差距。本文将就当代大学生创业难的现状以及如何提高创业能力作初步的探讨。     

中小企业 “十二五”我国将重点支持3000家小企业创业基地建设

为大力支持小型微型企业创业兴业,努力扩大社会就业,促进经济平稳较快增长,近日,工业和信息化部、财政部、国家工商行政管理总局联合出台《关于大力支持小型微型企业创业兴业的实施意见》。其中提到,“十二五”期问,我国将重点支持3000家小企业创业基地建设。     

当代大学生创业现状及对策分析

近年来,我国高校毕业生就业形势不容乐观。"以创业带动就业"成为缓解大学生就业压力的重要途径。当代大学生创业热情高涨、创业实践增多,然而,我国大学生创业的成功率非常低下,这不得不引起政府、社会和高校的极大关注和重视.本文将对我国大学生创业活动现状进行分析,并就如何提高大学生创业的成功率提出了相应的对策建议。     

Understanding the role of ICT and study circles in enabling economic opportunities: Lessons learned from an educational project in Kenya

In this paper, we explore how the combination of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and self‐organised study circles improves rural communities' ability to enhance their economic opportunities. We present the case study of an adult study‐circle project in the Kwale County of Kenya with the objective of providing rural communities with viable and sustainable livelihoods. Study circles can be seen as a democratic and emancipatory method for learning, where community groups regularly meet for participatory discussions to educate themselves on a variety of topics of their own interest. The main goal of the study‐circle members was to increase economic opportunities using ICT and, more specifically, to start micro‐businesses, improve production efficacy and methods, and obtain employment. Using the capability approach and affordances as theoretical lenses, our analysis of the explorative case study shows that the outcomes of the study circle were dependent on various conversion factors and facilitating conditions, such as resources, skills, socio‐cultural norms, and infrastructure. The main contributions from our work are represented by the five practical lessons learned from the study‐circle members' goals (starting micro‐businesses, product efficiency, and obtaining employment) from the self‐organised training approach (study circles) and from our theoretical approach (combining the capability approach and affordances).     

大学生网上创业教育探讨与SWOT分析

随着网络技术的飞速发展以及大学生就业压力的逐渐加大,网上创业由于其门槛低、成本低、风险小等特点正成为大学生就业选择时的一条重要途径。从大学生网上创业的背景、形式以及优势、弱势、机会和威胁方面进行了简要的分析,并在此基础上,对高校在大学生网上创业中应发挥的作用提出了一些合理的建议。     

Survival and success of family‐owned small businesses after hurricane Katrina: Impact of disaster assistance and adaptive capacity

The study's purpose is to examine the relative importance of direct disaster assistance to family‐owned small firms on their survival and success while considering the components of their adaptive capacity after experiencing Hurricane Katrina. This study employed data from the 2013 and 2015 Small Business Survival and Demise after a Natural Disaster Project (SBSD), a project funded by the National Science Foundation. The logistic regression results show that family businesses with SBA loans (or loan guarantees) were significantly more likely to survive. In addition, family businesses where household and family issues were more frequently in conflict with work demands were more likely to survive. On the other hand, the OLS regression results indicate that family businesses with more stress and more family–business conflict were less likely to succeed.     

A WEB‐BASED PERSONALIZED BUSINESS PARTNER RECOMMENDATION SYSTEM USING FUZZY SEMANTIC TECHNIQUES

The web provides excellent opportunities to businesses in various aspects of development such as finding a business partner online. However, with the rapid growth of web information, business users struggle with information overload and increasingly find it difficult to locate the right information at the right time. Meanwhile, small and medium businesses (SMBs), in particular, are seeking “one‐to‐one” e‐services from government in current highly competitive markets. How can business users be provided with information and services specific to their needs, rather than an undifferentiated mass of information? An effective solution proposed in this study is the development of personalized e‐services. Recommender systems is an effective approach for the implementation of Personalized E‐Service which has gained wide exposure in e‐commerce in recent years. Accordingly, this paper first presents a hybrid fuzzy semantic recommendation (HFSR) approach which combines item‐based fuzzy semantic similarity and item‐based fuzzy collaborative filtering (CF) similarity techniques. This paper then presents the implementation of the proposed approach into an intelligent recommendation system prototype called Smart BizSeeker, which can recommend relevant business partners to individual business users, particularly for SMBs. Experimental results show that the HFSR approach can help overcome the semantic limitations of classical CF‐based recommendation approaches, namely sparsity and new “cold start” item problems.     

An investigation into the factors influencing the adoption of B2B trading exchanges in small businesses

Small businesses, in general, play dominant roles in terms of employment generation and share in total business activities. However, studies have shown that small businesses are also slow in their uptake of modern technologies including electronic commerce. This paper presents the result of an empirical study that investigates the adoption behaviour of small businesses in relation to business-to-business (B2B) trading exchanges in the context of Western Australia. Following extensive literature review on innovation adoption–diffusion theories and qualitative field study, a research model was developed which treated six sets of antecedents of small business's attitude towards B2B trading exchanges. The findings revealed that external influences raise the small business's awareness of an innovation. This awareness leads to the evaluation of the perceived direct and indirect benefits and a positive evaluation leads to a positive attitude towards the innovation. The results confirmed that a positive attitude towards B2B trading exchanges leads to the intention to adopt B2B trading exchanges in small businesses. The findings also confirm that external, belief, contextual and control factors drive the attitude towards B2B trading exchanges. Implications of the results are highlighted.     

Dynamic efficiency evaluation of state-level business incubators in China by using a slacks-based measure approach

It is important to evaluate the efficiency of business incubators for their performance improvement. Because few enterprises can successfully graduate from the incubation process in one incubation period, the incubating enterprises will be carried over to the successive periods. In this context, the number of incubating enterprises can be regarded as a carry-over variable linking different incubation periods, which can also be treated as an undesirable output in the current period. This paper proposes a dynamic slacks-based measure model to evaluate the efficiency of China's state-level business incubators during 2010–2012. The empirical results show that neglecting new entrants and the typical carry-over variable may underestimate the incubation system's efficiency. Moreover, the operational efficiency of China's state-level business incubators is relatively low, which is largely caused by the lower pure technical efficiency. There exist great disparities between pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency for all considered incubators in China. Some important insights and policy suggestions are presented.     

Two sides of the same coin: Business resilience and community resilience

The resilience of small businesses and how that relates to community resilience, especially in rural communities has remained an under‐researched aspect of community resilience. This exploratory study aims to understand the relationship between business resilience and community resilience in rural communities. Firstly, the research seeks to understand the role that small businesses play in contributing to community resilience activities. The paper then sheds light on enabling and challenging factors that shape how small businesses prepare for and respond to weather‐related emergencies through the lens of flooding. Data were collected through in‐depth semi‐structured interviews and surveys with rural small businesses in Scotland. The analysis of the data suggests that businesses play an advisory and advocacy roles, make financial and material contributions to local community resilience activities and contribute to quick community recovery through various dimensions of corporate social responsibility activities. However, small businesses face formidable barriers and challenges in preparing for and responding to weather‐related emergencies that undermine their resilience to natural hazards. The paper suggests ways in which small businesses can enhance their resilience to natural hazards, while at the same time contributing to community resilience.     

Opportunities of effective integration of EDI for small businesses in the automotive industry

The efficiency gains from electronic data interchange (EDI) for the auto-manufacturers are well documented in current literature, but the subcontractors often being coerced into using EDI have received less attention. Thus, this study tries to better understand the EDI use and its evolution by small partners in a network structure of dyadic relationships where large partners may dominate. The model developed in this study shows that small businesses, often operating as suppliers for larger companies, could benefit in many ways from EDI through more extensive business integration with their own and their partners' value chains or an expanded customer base. Our empirical findings indicate that usually small businesses have used EDI in a way that was originally established by their principal, but they have not used the additional opportunities. We analyzed the reasons for this and developed both, organizational and technological means for small businesses to solve the problems and more fully utilize the possibilities offered by these information technologies.     

Factors influencing the Development and Adoption of Knowledge Based Decision Support Systems for Small,Owner-Operated Rural Business

This paper provides an analysis of existing literature and practical problems associated with the adoption of a developed knowledge-based decision support system (KBDSS) within small rural businesses. The rural small businesses selected for this study were individual farms within the Australian dairy industry and the developed KBDSS was called DairyPro. The object was to determine the factors that could help with future KBDSS development and improve adoption rates. These factors were tested against DairyPro to determine their effectiveness. This analysis indicates that system developers need to have a good working knowledge of the target industry and to understand the types of decisions that are made by managers in order to develop systems that will be used. A review of the literature also suggests that adoption rates can be influenced by cultural, political, educational and age factors as well as individual characteristics of information technology itself. Small business managers needed more ownership in the process of KBDSS development. The author suggests that the factors affecting KBDSS adoption by dairy farmers can be equally applicable to other small, owner-operated rural businesses. This approach advocates the use of domain experts to provide estimates of expected production levels rather than that of the traditional approach of using the results from mathematical or simulation models to make these estimates.     

中小型企业保护重要数据面临的困难及对策建议

现代企业对数据的依赖越来越深入,而中小型企业受限于有限的IT资源和自身承受风险能力薄弱,比较而言,中小型企业面临的如何管理和保护企业重要数据的问题比大型企业还要严重。本文深入分析了中小型企业的面临上述问题的困难,并给出有效的建议。