基于模糊层次分析法的软件质量评价模型

针对软件质量评估中数据的模糊性和不确定性,在ISO9126质量模型的基础上,基于模糊综合评价法和层次分析法建立了软件质量的综合评价模型。通过对某软件进行实际评价表明,该评价模型能够对软件质量进行科学的评价并给出改进的建议,该模型具有较高的操作性、实用性,极大地提高了软件质量评价工作的效率。     

A Basis for Analyzing Software Architecture Analysis Methods

A software architecture is a key asset for any organization that builds complex software-intensive systems. Because of an architecture's central role as a project blueprint, organizations should analyze the architecture before committing resources to it. An analysis helps to ensure that sound architectural decisions are made. Over the past decade a large number of architecture analysis methods have been created, and at least two surveys of these methods have been published. This paper examines the criteria for analyzing architecture analysis methods, and suggests a new set of criteria that focus on the essence of what it means to be an architecture analysis method. These criteria could be used to compare methods, to help understand the suitability of a method, or to improve a method. We then examine two methods—the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method and Architecture-level Modifiability Analysis—in light of these criteria, and provide some insight into how these methods can be improved. Rick Kazman is a Senior Member of the Technical Staff at the Software Engineering Institute of Carnegie Mellon University and Professor at the University of Hawaii. His primary research interests are software architecture, design and analysis tools, software visualization, and software engineering economics. He also has interests in human-computer interaction and information retrieval. Kazman has created several highly influential methods and tools for architecture analysis, including the SAAM and the ATAM. He is the author of over 80 papers, and co-author of several books, including “Software Architecture in Practice”, and “Evaluating Software Architectures: Methods and Case Studies”. Len Bass is a Senior Member of the Technical Staff at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI). He has written two award winning books in software architecture as well as several other books and numerous papers in a wide variety of areas of computer science and software engineering. He is currently working on techniques for the methodical design of software architectures and to understand how to support usability through software architecture. He has been involved in the development of numerous different production or research software systems ranging from operating systems to database management systems to automotive systems. Mark Klein is Senior Member of the Technical Staff of the Software Engineering Institute. He has over 20 years of experience in research on various facets of software engineering, dependable real-time systems and numerical methods. Klein's most recent work focuses on the analysis of software architectures, architecture tradeoff analysis, attribute-driven architectural design and scheduling theory. Klein's work in real-time systems involved the development of rate monotonic analysis (RMA), the extension of the theoretical basis for RMA, and its application to realistic systems. Klein's earliest work involved research in high-order finite element methods for solving fluid flow equations arising in oil reservoir simulation. He is the co-author two books: “A Practitioner's Handbook for Real-Time Analysis: Guide to Rate Monotonic Analysis for Real-Time Systems” and “Evaluating Software Architecture: Methods and Case Studies”. Anthony J. Lattanze is an Associate Teaching Professor at the Institute for Software Research International (ISRI) at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and a senior member of the technical staff at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI). Anthony teaches courses in CMUs Masters of Software Engineering Program in Software Architecture, Real-Time/Embedded Systems, and Software Development Studio. His primary research interest is in the area software architectural design for embedded, software intensive systems. Anthony consults and teaches throughout industry in the areas of software architecture design and architecture evaluation. Prior to Carnegie Mellon, Mr. Lattanze was the Chief of Software Engineering for the Technology Development Group at the United States Flight Test Center at Edwards Air Force Base, CA. During his tenure at the Flight Test Center, he was involved with a number of software and systems engineering projects as a software and systems architect, project manager, and developer. During this time as he was involved with the development, test, and evaluation of avionics systems for the B-2 Stealth Bomber, F-117 Stealth Fighter, and F-22 Advanced Tactical Fighter among other systems. Linda Northrop is the director of the Product Line Systems Program at the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) where she leads the SEI work in software architecture, software product lines and predictable component engineering. Under her leadership the SEI has developed software architecture and product line methods that are used worldwide, a series of five highly-acclaimed books, and Software Architecture and Software Product Line Curricula. She is co-author of the book, “Software Product Lines: Practices and Patterns,” and a primary author of the SEI Framework for Software Product Line Practice.     

基于层次分析法的科研信用评价模型优化

为了提高科研信用评价能力,提出层次分析法的科研信用评价模型.采用空间分布式信息重构方法进行科研信用评价的模糊特征重组,进行科研信用多元评价的信息挖掘和特征提取与进行科研信用评价的均衡配置和线性规划设计,实现科研信用评价的层次化分析和特征重建.采用二乘规划模型进行科研信用评价的大数据调度和模糊空间信息采样,结合资源优化调...     

基于随机层次分析法的虚拟企业风险评价

分析虚拟企业风险因素的层次结构以及量化评价中的不确定性,设计了随机层次分析法(SAHP)来对其风险进行评价.在随机层次分析法中,将专家咨询法过程中的不确定性描述为随机变量,得到随机判断矩阵.进而应用随机模拟方法确定随机判断矩阵中元素的估计值.运用随机层次分析法对某虚拟企业三个备选组建方案的风险评价进行了实证分析,阐明该方法对于多指标、不确定性的最优方案选择问题是一种科学、可行的方法.     

基于粗糙集的AHP评估模型研究

判断矩阵是层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)进行相对重要度计算的重要依据,而判断矩阵一般由专家根据个人经验而建立,因而伴有较多的主观因素,甚至生成的判断矩阵出现不一致性,不利于客观地进行系统评估;针对此问题,将粗糙集引入到AHP中,建立了基于粗糙集的AHP评估模型,为了提高属性集属性约简效率,改进了集合近似质量属性约简算法;应用粗糙集理论计算相同层次两两评价指标的近似质量差,根据差的大小确定指标重要性,并通过实例证明了该模型的合理性和正确性。     

层次分析法在农村配电网规划决策中的应用

在分析区农村配电网特点与经济特性的基础上,建立区农村配电网规划经济性评估指标体系,并介绍层次分析法在配电网规划经济性分析评估的应用。     

定性与定量相结合的软件过程度量分析方法--基于统计过程控制和层次分析方法

软件过程度量为软件过程管理提供量化数据。过程分析是软件过程度量中的一个重要阶段。文章在研究现有相关理论和技术的基础上提出了将统计过程控制和层次分析方法相结合的软件过程分析方法,并在相关支撑工具中加以实现,从理论和实践两个角度验证了方法的可行性。     

基于灰色层次分析的后装专业处置能力评估磁

围绕后装一体化专业保障训练要突出应急保障、持续保障和精确保障这三种能力,建立评估指标体系,并利用AHP 法与灰统计相结合的灰色层次分析法对后装一体化专业处置能力进行评估,有利于查找影响后装一体化保障训练质量的主要因素,进行针对性训练。     

基于层次分析法的面向第三方物流信息系统评价体系构建

信息化建设促进了物流业的大步发展,提高了物流行业各层级的工作效率,信息系统的引入与服务质量某种程度上关系着物流企业的发展质量与竞争力.以第三方物流企业为对象,通过对第三方物流系统业务体系分析研究,构建业务流程框架,应用层次分析法(AHP)对体系各层指标的权重确定建立系统评价模型,以权重评分对系统进行评价.     

Incorporating negative values into the Analytic Hierarchy Process

This paper describes why and how ratio scaled multiple criteria analysis techniques, such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), should allow for a subtraction mechanism whereby negative preference (aversion) is combined with positive preference. The main contribution of the paper is a demonstration of how the current imposition of a strictly positive additive value structure can lead to incorrect preference ratios and even incorrect ranking of alternatives. The proposed preference elicitation and computation method solves these problems in a simple and intuitive manner.

Scope and purpose

We focus in this paper on common cases where the AHP is used to evaluate alternatives in light of multiple criteria and where at least some of the considerations involve negative rather than positive effects from the point of view of the decision maker. The main objective is to correct how such negative effects are evaluated within the AHP.