改进ORB和Hough变换的指针式仪表识读方法

为了实现指针式仪表的自动识读,提出一种基于改进ORB（Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF）和Hough变换算法的指针式仪表识读算法。利用角点强化方法加强ORB算法检测的特征点,通过特征点匹配对计算模板图像与待检测图像之间的透视变换矩阵。利用数学形态学处理、阈值分割等图像预处理提取指针,并提出一种用于确定指针旋转圆心的基于ORB特征匹配对的相似特征三角形方法,结合投影法定位指针方向。利用指针细化算法和添加圆心约束的Hough变换算法检测指针角度。最后根据仪表的先验信息得到读数结果。实验结果表明该算法在识读速度和精度等方面都能够满足指针式仪表识读的要求,具有较高的可靠性和工程应用价值。     

基于扫描线处理的指针式仪表快速读数算法

针对光照不均匀、指针检测速度过慢等因素造成指针式仪表读数算法无法快速、准确读取示数的问题,提出一种基于扫描线处理的快速准确读数新算法。新算法首先利用单尺度Retinex提取光照鲁棒性特征图像,然后应用提出的扫描线处理算法快速抽取进行Hough变换的特征像素点,最后用双阈值Hough变换检测直线。实验表明,所提算法创新性地将指针图像细化与双阈值Hough变换等相结合,不仅解决了光照变化的影响以及检测速度慢等问题,而且具有读数精度高、读取速度可调节等特点。     

基于区域生长的指针式仪表自动识别方法

针对复杂多指针式仪表的读数自动识别难度大精度低的问题,提出了一种基于区域生长的指针式仪表自动识别方法。算法主要由基于区域生长的指针提取算法和基于 Hit-Miss 变换法击中直线或基于最小二乘法拟合直线的指针识别算法所组成。其中,区域生长所需的种子点通过基于差影法的模糊聚类自动选取。实验表明,基于区域生长的指针提取算法有效提取了指针特征,为 Hit-Miss 变换法和最小二乘法获得良好的指针识别精度奠定了重要基础。整个算法高效快速,能满足实时识别的应用需求。本文首次提出将基于区域生长的图像分割算法运用于指针式仪表识别领域中,丰富了指针式仪表识别的应用方法,获得了良好的识别效果。     

指针式仪表自动读数识别技术的研究现状与发展

指针式仪表自动判读技术是当前机器视觉研究的热点,也是模式识别领域一项重要的研究内容和前沿技术。在对指针式仪表识别技术进行了一般性概述之后,详细介绍了基于机器视觉的指针式仪表自动读数识别技术的基本概念、基本原理和主要研究内容,介绍了该技术在国内外的研究现状,同时重点介绍了图像校正、圆形表盘轮廓检测、指针线检测和角度计算等主要研究内容的最新进展,最后给出了指针式仪表自动读数识别涉及的关键技术和发展方向。     

基于视觉显著性的指针式仪表读数识别算法

针对指针式仪表读数算法对光照变化影响较大、识别精度不高的问题,提出一种基于视觉显著性区域检测的指针式仪表读数方法.首先利用区域对比度、空间关系、中心先验性等视觉显著性区域检测先验知识,提取仪表图像指针区域;然后用无向图排序算法进行优化,抑制非指针区域的干扰,突出指针区域;再通过依次旋转仪表指针图像统计旋转不同角度时仪表指针图像在纵轴上的投影最大值,计算指针至平行于横轴需要旋转的角度,并判断指针旋转至平行于横轴时指针顶部区域与底部区域在横轴上的投影最大值在仪表图像中位置,获取指针与横轴的夹角;最后采用最小二乘法拟合指针夹角与指针刻度之间的线性函数参数,计算仪表读数.实验结果表明,该方法在不同光照下能较好地提取指针区域,得到的仪表读数与人工读数误差较小,算法稳定可靠.     

基于图像处理的高精度仪表判读方法

提出了用图像技术对高精度指针式仪表自动判读的方法,关键问题是视差的检测和仪表图像坐标系统与仪表读数跟踪系统之间坐标的转换。采用脊波提取仪表图像中的直线,利用图像信息控制数控系统动作。实验表明:该读数方法绝对误差为零,非常适合于高精度指针式仪表自动跟踪判读。     

基于卷积神经网络的指针式仪表识别

目前大部分研究指针式仪表识别的方法中提取指针是完全基于传统的图像处理技术,提取过程较为复杂且步骤繁多.为了有效解决指针式仪表读数识别中指针中轴线所在直线提取困难及识别精度不高等问题,本文提出了一种基于深度学习的指针式仪表的识别方法.首先用Faster R-CNN算法检测仪表圆盘,再采用基于深度学习的方法Faster R-CNN算法检测指针,根据得到的指针目标框的位置信息裁剪得到指针图像,在指针图像的基础上进行二值化、细化、霍夫变换检测直线、最小二乘法拟合直线等步骤识别仪表最终读数.和直接在仪表表盘目标框图像或原始图像上进行传统图像处理相比很大程度上减少了定位指针中轴线所在直线过程中的干扰.实验结果表明本文所提出的基于深度学习的指针检测的平均准确率高达96.55％.对于复杂背景下指针式仪表的指针区域的检测具有良好的准确性与稳定性.     

指针式仪表识别算法及在电力巡检中的应用

针对不同形状的指针式仪表人工读数成本高、精度低、容易受仪表形状和环境干扰的问题,运用轨道巡检机器人搭载云台摄像头采集指针式仪表的图像,经过灰度化、中值滤波、二值化、提取感兴趣区域、开运算、指针细化、Hough变换和示值读数等步骤,实现指针式仪表的自动读数.该算法具有较好的鲁棒性,读数精度高达99％,且计算量小,在电力巡检中具有一定的推广价值.实验结果验证了算法的良好性能.     

指针式电压表精度自动化检定系统的设计与实现

为了解决在指针式电压表的精度检定过程中，由于人工检定而造成的效率低下和精度不高的问题，提出了一种指针式电压表精度自动化检定系统；系统采用摄像机采集仪表表盘图像，用计算机控制标准信号源，应用基于数字图像处理的指针示值自动判读技术，实现指针式电压表精度的自动检定；在表盘图像的处理上，运用并提出了一些新颖的图像处理算法，使系统具有很好的实时性；实验证明采用这一系统可以大大提高检定效率和精度，减少人为误差的干扰，因此具有一定的市场开发价值。     

指针式仪表读数的机器视觉智能识别方法

为快速准确地自动识别指针式仪表读数,采用机器视觉技术,结合减影法和Hough变换法对仪表读数进行智能识别.对指针式仪表图像进行图像二值化、形态学处理和边缘检测预处理;利用Hough变换检测仪表中的指针,计算得到指针方向和定位圆形,实现指针式仪表的智能识别.实验结果表明:读数识别的平均相对误差为0.91%,精度较高,能较好地识别指针式仪表读数.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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