求解连续空间优化问题的量子蚁群算法

针对蚁群算法只适用于离散优化问题的局限件和收敛速度慢的问题,提出了求解连续空间优化问题的量子蚁群算法.该算法每只蚂蚁携带一组表示蚂蚁当前位置信息的量子比特;首先根据基于信息素强度和可见度构造的选择概率,选择蚂蚁的前进目标;然后采用量子旋转门更新蚂蚁携带的量了比特,完成蚂蚁的移动;采用量子非门实现蚂蚁所在位置的变异,增加位置的多样性;最后根据移动后的位置完成蚁群信息素强度和可见度的更新.该算法将量子比特的两个概率幅部看作蚂蚁当前的位置信息,在蚂蚁数日相同时,可使搜索空间加倍.以函数极值问题和神经网络权值优化问题为例,验证了算法的有效性.     

一种自适应相位旋转的二进制量子蚁群算法

基于量子进化理论以及蚂蚁群体的寻优策略,结合一种二进制量子蚁群算法,提出了一种自适应相位旋转的二进制量子蚁群算法（Binary Quantum Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm,BQACO）。该算法采用量子比特概率幅表示蚁群信息素,利用伪随机选择策略实现蚂蚁的位置移动,通过自适应相位旋转以及变异操作,实现蚂蚁信息素的动态更新,并有效降低算法早熟收敛概率。通过标准测试函数对其优化性能进行研究,该算法在函数优化的全局寻优能力和快速搜索能力上,均优于二进制量子蚁群算法和连续量子蚁群算法。     

基于蚁群算法的多目标优化

针对多目标优化问题,提出一种用于求解多目标优化问题的蚁群算法。该算法定义连续空间内求解多目标优化问题的蚁群算法的信息素更新方式,根据信息素的概率转移和随机选择转移策略指导蚂蚁进行搜索,保证获得的Pareto前沿的均匀性以及Pareto解集的多样性。对算法的收敛性进行分析,利用2个测试函数验证算法的有效性。     

双链量子蚁群系统及应用

针对现有量子蚁群算法构造、更新两条信息素链,但只选择一条链进行寻优操作的问题,提出了一种双链量子蚁群系统。该算法采用余弦和正弦双链蚂蚁寻优构造解空间,针对不同链上蚂蚁的特征构造了不同的路径选择策略;定义了信息素量子比特相位角的范围和量子信息素最大最小区间,给出了基于量子旋转门的量子信息素挥发与增强策略,运用了一种信息素的平滑机制以提高算法的性能;最后结合TSP算例对算法进行验证、比较与分析,仿真结果表明双链量子蚁群系统具有算法稳定、寻优能力强的特点。     

基于量子蚁群算法的带约束QoS多播路由

针对带约束服务质量多播路由在带宽、延迟等方面的需求,提出一种基于量子蚁群算法的多播路由优化方法。该方法结合量子计算和蚁群算法的特性,采用量子比特的概率幅表示蚂蚁当前位置信息,设计一种动态调整旋转角策略对蚂蚁信息素进行更新,使蚂蚁能够快速寻找到满足约束的可行路径,并避免陷入局部最优。仿真实验结果表明,该算法在寻优能力和收敛速度上表现较好。     

基于量子蚁群算法的片上网络映射研究*

随着片上网络的兴起和发展,针对带宽和时延约束下实现低功耗成为其设计的焦点之一。为此,提出一种基于量子蚁群映射算法的方法来解决片上网络设计中使IP核映射的通信功耗最小化问题。该算法改变蚁群算法中信息素的释放方式,采用量子优化算法中的量子概率幅代替,信息素的更新则通过使用量子相位旋转的方式,实现蚂蚁信息素的自适应更新,用以有效的降低蚁群算法容易早熟收敛的情况。通过实验对比研究,该算法在快速搜索和全局寻优能力上,均优于蚁群算法。     

增强型的蚁群优化算法

旅行商问题是一个NP-Hard组合优化问题。根据蚁群优化算法和旅行商问题的特点,论文提出了对蚁群中具有优质解的蚂蚁个体所走路径上的信息素强度进行增强的方法,并同其他的优化算法进行了比较,仿真结果表明,对具有全局和局部最优解的个体所走路径上的信息素强度进行增强的蚁群优化算法比标准的蚁群优化算法和其他优化算法在执行效率和稳定性上要高。     

多车场动态路径问题的自适应量子蚁群算法

针对物流配送过程中存在的多配送中心动态需求车辆调度问题即多车场动态车辆调度问题(MDDVRP),提出了一种自适应量子蚁群算法(SAQACA),用于最小化路径.根据量子的相位编码方式,提出了对蚁群的信息素矩阵进行直接编码,进而实现由量子旋转门更新完成蚂蚁移动;根据搜索点的量子相位特点及目标函数的变化率,提出了一种自适应量子旋转门更新方式,进而提高了算法的全局搜索深度;引入基于两元素搜索策略的局部搜索方法提高了算法的局部优化能力,从而对可行解进行改进.仿真实验与算法比较验证了所提算法的有效性和优越性.     

蚁群算法求解连续空间优化问题

借鉴蚁群算法的进化思想，提出一种求解连续空问优化问题的蚁群算法。该算法主要包括全局搜索、局部搜索和信息素强度更新规则。在全舄搜索过程中，利用信息素强度和启发式函数确定蚂蚁移动方向。在局部搜索过程中，嵌入了确定性搜索，以改善寻优性能，加快收敛速率。通过一个实例问题的求解表明了该算法的有效性。     

基于混合信息素递减的蚁群算法

根据蚁群算法信息素更新的特性,提出了求解旅行商问题的混合信息素递减的蚁群算法。把基本蚁群的三种不同的信息素更新方式混合在一起,同时提出了信息素递减更新的方法。新的更新方式避免了蚂蚁在寻找最优解的过程中,由于禁忌表元素的逐渐增加而限制蚂蚁巡游路径选择的缺点,减少了巡游后期信息素对于后继蚂蚁的影响,提高了后继蚂蚁的巡游质量。仿真实验表明了该混合算法的有效性。     

Real-time dynamic optimization of batch systems

In this paper a methodology for designing and implementing a real-time optimizing controller for batch processes is proposed. The controller is used to optimize a user-defined cost function subject to a parameterization of the input trajectories, a nominal model of the process and general state and input constraints. An interior point method with penalty function is used to incorporate constraints into a modified cost functional, and a Lyapunov based extremum seeking approach is used to compute the trajectory parameters. The technique is applicable to general nonlinear systems. A precise statement of the numerical implementation of the optimization routine is provided. It is shown how one can take into account the effect of sampling and discretization of the parameter update law in practical situations. A simulation example demonstrates the applicability of the technique.     

Formulation and parameter selection of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm for simulation-based optimization

Global derivative-free deterministic algorithms are particularly suitable for simulation-based optimization, where often the existence of multiple local optima cannot be excluded a priori, the derivatives of the objective functions are not available, and the evaluation of the objectives is computationally expensive, thus a statistical analysis of the optimization outcomes is not practicable. Among these algorithms, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is advantageous for the ease of implementation and the capability of providing good approximate solutions to the optimization problem at a reasonable computational cost. PSO has been introduced for single-objective problems and several extension to multi-objective optimization are available in the literature. The objective of the present work is the systematic assessment and selection of the most promising formulation and setup parameters of multi-objective deterministic particle swarm optimization (MODPSO) for simulation-based problems. A comparative study of six formulations (varying the definition of cognitive and social attractors) and three setting parameters (number of particles, initialization method, and coefficient set) is performed using 66 analytical test problems. The number of objective functions range from two to three and the number of variables from two to eight, as often encountered in simulation-based engineering problems. The desired Pareto fronts are convex, concave, continuous, and discontinuous. A full-factorial combination of formulations and parameters is investigated, leading to more than 60,000 optimization runs, and assessed by three performance metrics. The most promising MODPSO formulation/parameter is identified and applied to the hull-form optimization of a high-speed catamaran in realistic ocean conditions. Its performance is finally compared with four stochastic algorithms, namely three versions of multi-objective PSO and the genetic algorithm NSGA-II.     

Multiobjective optimization of trusses using genetic algorithms

In this paper we propose the use of the genetic algorithm (GA) as a tool to solve multiobjective optimization problems in structures. Using the concept of min–max optimum, a new GA-based multiobjective optimization technique is proposed and two truss design problems are solved using it. The results produced by this new approach are compared to those produced by other mathematical programming techniques and GA-based approaches, proving that this technique generates better trade-offs and that the genetic algorithm can be used as a reliable numerical optimization tool.     

多元插值全局优化算法及其应用

本文介绍一种多元插值逼近和动态搜索轨迹相结合的全局优化算法.该算法大大减少了目标函数计算次数,寻优收敛速度快,算法稳定,且可获得全局极小,有效地解决了大规模非线性复杂动态系统的参数优化问题.一个具有8个控制参数的电力系统优化控制问题,采用该算法仅访问目标函数78次,便可求得最优控制器参数。     

An integrated approach to topology,sizing, and shape optimization

Topology optimization has become very popular in industrial applications, and most FEM codes have implemented certain capabilities of topology optimization. However, most codes do not allow simultaneous treatment of sizing and shape optimization during the topology optimization phase. This poses a limitation on the design space and therefore prevents finding possible better designs since the interaction of sizing and shape variables with topology modification is excluded. In this paper, an integrated approach is developed to provide the user with the freedom of combining sizing, shape, and topology optimization in a single process.     

Effects of dominant wolves in grey wolf optimization algorithm

Bio-inspired computation is one of the emerging soft computing techniques of the past decade. Although they do not guarantee optimality, the underlying reasons that make such algorithms become popular are indeed simplicity in implementation and being open to various improvements. Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), which derives inspiration from the hierarchical order and hunting behaviours of grey wolves in nature, is one of the new generation bio-inspired metaheuristics. GWO is first introduced to solve global optimization and mechanical design problems. Next, it has been applied to a variety of problems. As reported in numerous publications, GWO is shown to be a promising algorithm, however, the effects of characteristic mechanisms of GWO on solution quality has not been sufficiently discussed in the related literature. Accordingly, the present study analyses the effects of dominant wolves, which clearly have crucial effects on search capability of GWO and introduces new extensions, which are based on the variations of dominant wolves. In the first extension, three dominant wolves in GWO are evaluated first. Thus, an implicit local search without an additional computational cost is conducted at the beginning of each iteration. Only after repositioning of wolf council of higher-ranks, the rest of the pack is allowed to reposition. Secondarily, dominant wolves are exposed to learning curves so that the hierarchy amongst the leading wolves is established throughout generations. In the final modification, the procedures of the previous extensions are adopted simultaneously. The performances of all developed algorithms are tested on both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems including combinatorial problems such as uncapacitated facility location problem and 0-1 knapsack problem, which have numerous possible real-life applications. The proposed modifications are compared to the standard GWO, some other metaheuristic algorithms taken from the literature and Particle Swarm Optimization, which can be considered as a fundamental algorithm commonly employed in comparative studies. Finally, proposed algorithms are implemented on real-life cases of which the data are taken from the related publications. Statistically verified results point out significant improvements achieved by proposed modifications. In this regard, the results of the present study demonstrate that the dominant wolves have crucial effects on the performance of GWO.     

粒子群算法在组合优化问题上的研究与发展

粒子群优化算法是一种新兴的基于群智能搜索的优化技术。该算法简单、易实现、参数少,具有较强的全局优化能力,可有效应用于科学与工程实践中。介绍了算法的基本原理和算法在组合优化上一些改进方法的主要应用形式。最后,对粒子群算法作了一些深入分析并在此基础上对粒子群算法应用于组合优化问题做了一些总结。     

云搜索优化算法

本文将云的生成、动态运动、降雨和再生成等自然现象与智能优化算法的思想融合,建立了一种新的智能优化算法-云搜索优化算法(CSO)。生成与移动的云可以弥漫于整个搜索空间,这使得新算法具有较强的全局搜索能力;收缩与扩张的云团在形态上会有千奇百态的变化,这使得算法具有较强的局部搜索能力;降雨后产生新的云团可以保持云团的多样性,这也是使搜索避免陷入局优的有效手段。实验表明,基于这三点建立的新算法具有优异的性能,benchmark函数最优值的计算结果以及与已有智能优化算法的比较展现了新算法精确的、稳定的全局求解能力。     

Value Creation in a Network: The Role of Pricing and Revenue Optimization and Enterprise Profit OptimizationTM

The Internet has created a virtual upheaval in the structural features of the supply and demand chains for most businesses. New agents and marketplaces have surfaced. The potential to create value and enhance profitable opportunities has attracted both buyers and sellers to the Internet. Yet, the Internet has proven to be more complex than originally thought. With information comes complexity: the more the information in real time, the greater the difficulty in interpretation and absorption. How can the value-creating potential of the Internet still be realized, its complexity notwithstanding? This paper argues that with the emergence of innovative tools, the expectations of the Internet as a medium for enhanced profit opportunities can still be realized. Creating value on a continuing basis is central to sustaining profitable opportunities. This paper provides an overview of the value creation process in electronic networks, the emergence of the Internet as a viable business communication and collaboration medium, the proclamation by many that the future of the Internet resides in “embedded intelligence”, and the perspectives of pragmatists who point out the other facet of the Internet—its complexity. The paper then reviews some recent new tools that have emerged to address this complexity. In particular, the promise of Pricing and Revenue Optimization (PRO) and Enterprise Profit Optimization^TM (EPO) tools is discussed. The paper suggests that as buyers and sellers adopt EPO, the market will see the emergence of a truly intelligent network—a virtual network—of private and semi-public profitable communities.     

SEO技术研究

为了利用搜索引擎优化SEO（Search Engine Optimization）技术给网站带来高质量的流量并将其转化为商业利益,理解搜索引擎的算法和排名原理十分必要。通过对网站的结构优化、关键词优化、单页优化、防止被搜索引擎惩罚和挽救被惩罚网站等技术的研究,达到提高网站排名,实现网站的价值目的。