基于规划图的过程活动流实时规划

软件过程的自动化计算技术是近年来出现的新兴研究方向,对软件过程的研究有着重要的影响.基于规划图方法设计了一种过程活动实时规划系统,能对过程活动的安排做出实时自动规划,能在实际执行中对过程活动流中每一过程活动所出现的各种可预见的执行效果做出实时反应,使软件开发始终处于有序的过程控制中,并最终取得既定目标.另外实际项目中软件的过程活动常会出现重复执行或者多次执行,已有的一些相关软件过程规划都没谈及该问题,所提出的实时规划算法较好地解决了该问题.     

图规划分解方法的研究

文中提出基于命题间的关联图对规划进行分解,避免了实例化过多的操作,能够在一定程度上提高规划系统的效率。分解后的子规划问题由多个agent执行,这样利用了分布式系统的鲁棒性等特点,提高了规划系统的稳定性,并给出了子规划执行间的互斥解决。     

外军无人机任务规划系统研究

无人机任务规划系统是指配装在地面或是飞机上,用来对不同类型数量的无人机进行任务分配、航路规划的一种规划系统。本文首先介绍了无人机任务规划的概念,并说明了无人机任务规划系统的特点。再详细介绍外军无人机任务规划系统的发展情况。     

自主航天器的规划系统建模研究

根据自主航天器的特点,分析了其规划问题中活动的并行特性以及约束的复杂性,提出了自主航天器规划系统的系统结构,并对规划模型的模型要素进行分析,然后采用规划域定义语言对规划域进行建模,以时间区间理论为基础对规划问题的持续时间约束进行表示,采用时间线模型表现航天器的并行活动,最终解决了自主航天器规划系统的建模与约束表达问题。最后通过一个算例验证了所提方法的正确性。     

基于进化计算多约束条件下软件过程优化方法

利用约束集推移变换和前置矩阵降阶有效解决了软件过程活动规划中多约束条件类问题，提出了一种面向微观层次以活动为主体的软件过程活动规划和资源配置方法。通过染色体的矩阵编码形式结合相对顺序交叉算子与二级变异的操作方法对其进行了优化，实例证明了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于缩减信念状态的Conformant 规划方法

Conformant 规划问题通常转化为信念状态空间的搜索问题来求解.提出了通过降低信念状态的不确定性来提高规划求解效率的方法.首先给出缩减信念状态的增强爬山算法,在此基础上,提出了基于缩减信念状态的Conformant 规划方法,设计了CFF-Lite 规划系统.该规划器的求解过程包括两次增强爬山过程,分别用于缩减信念状态和搜索目标.首先对初始信念状态作最大程度的缩减,提高启发函数的准确性;然后从缩减后的信念状态开始执行启发式搜索.实验结果表明,CFF-Lite 规划系统通过快速缩减信念状态降低了问题的求解难度,在大多数问题上,求解效率和规划解质量与Conformant-FF 相比,都有显著的提高.     

基于收益的软件过程资源调度优化方法*

软件项目管理人员须对软件过程中的各种资源进行优化调度,但依靠主观判断和个人经验的资源调度方法具有不稳定性和不可靠性,需要提供客观可靠的软件过程资源调度方法和工具。基于收益的资源调度优化方法通过对软件过程的资源调度进行建模,描述和定义投入资源产生的收益,分析软件过程中活动、资源和收益的各种约束关系,采用基于动态规划的优化算法以较高效率完成资源调度,使资源在软件过程中有效利用。     

基于多值表示的并行规划方法

Fast Downward规划系统是第四届国际规划竞赛的冠军.以高效的串行规划系统Fast Downward为基础,设计并实现了并行规划系统Parallel Downward.首先提出4个并行规划的相关定义;之后提出多值规划任务下动作互斥的定义、充要条件,并实现了动作互斥判断算法;在此基础上设计了候选并行动作集的生成算法;然后为提高系统求解质量重新设计了新的搜索控制策略;最后,给出剪枝策略来抑制并行规划状态空间的指数级膨胀.通过对国际规划竞赛测试问题的实验,Parallel Downward表现出良好的规划效率和规划质量,相比Sapa规划系统Parallel Downward具有较好的可扩展性.     

积木世界下机器人规划的OPS5实现

本文着重讨论了基于知识的机器人规划系统KBROPS－1（Knowledge-Based Robot Plaaning System)的OPS5实现，并在积木世界模型下，对其规划过程和规划结果做了分析。     

一种基于遗传算法的TSP建模方法

为解决小组软件过程(TSP)中针对活动如何有效安排工程小组人员的问题,从关于目标和面向活动的角度刻画TSP模型,提出基于遗传算法的优化方法。分析TSP核心思想,给出模型的结构和形式化描述,介绍建立模型的步骤。通过实验验证了该优化方法具有良好的执行性能,能够得到一个具有较优效益值的人员安排方案,可行性良好。     

CAUPS:基于对象和Agent的机助城市规划系统

CAUPS(computer aided urban p lann ing system)系统是一个基于对象和Agent的计算机辅助城市规划系统,它改变了传统城市规划中需要使用多种不同软件协同设计的规划模式,实现了一种新的城市规划流程,即通过辅助规划人员定义对象、添加对象、系统自动评估设计方案等步骤,大大提高了城市规划的效率。介绍了CAUPS的设计与实现方法,其主要特点一是将传统G IS中的关系数据形式转变成以对象为基本单位的面向对象形式;二是采用实体Agent作为其运行的基本单元。该系统已成功地应用于杭州西湖申报世界文化遗产等规划项目中。     

Knowledge-based process planning for electronic assembly

The conventional method of electronic assembly planning is subjective and depends greatly on the skills, memory, knowledge and experience of the planners. This gives rise to inconsistencies which in turn create problems in the manufacturing environment. Since the computer logics are systematic and consistent, it is conceivable that an automatic electronic assembly planning system would have advances over manual systems. Due to the frequent advances in technology the electronic industry is a very dynamic one. This affects the effectiveness of the current process plans and the applicability of the system that generates them. In this paper important issues which address the automatic generation of process plans will be presented. The framework of a system which takes into account the dynamic nature of the environment will be introduced as an example.The original version of this paper was presented at the 2nd International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing (ISRAM), Albuquerque, New Mexico, 16–18 November 1988. The published proceedings of this meeting may be ordered from: CAD Laboratory for Systems/Robotics, EECE Dept., UNM, Albuquerque, NM 87131, U.S.A.     

STEP-NC compliant approach for setup planning problem on multiple fixture pallets

Manufacturing system configuration is a broad problem that involves various topics concerning workpiece, cutters, fixture and machine. This paper presents an approach to solve the setup planning problem on machining centres based on a STEP-NC compliant data structure. The aim of this approach is to shorten the time required for the process planning activity by automating some time-consuming steps without compromising the solution accuracy. In the proposed approach, a CAM software tool is employed to associate the geometric and technological data regarding the product. Using the proposed data structure, a method is proposed for solving the setup planning problem based on mathematical programming. The developed approach has been tested on a real case.     

Using case-based reasoning to establish a continuing care information system of discharge planning

As family structure changes, population is aging and disease styles tend to be chronic, long-term care in Taiwan becomes problematic, needs to be addressed, and requires immediate solution. Presently, many medical care institutions in the country have assisted patients in discharge planning; however, the lack of a standard evaluation procedure in the process of discharge planning is disturbing for each hospital. Without it, there might be huge differences in the evaluation results. Moreover, the lack of support and the uncertainty of case eligibility standard in these institutions further affect the performance of continuing care services.

This research adopted Case-Based Reasoning to establish a continuing care information system of discharge planning. With previously evaluated information of past cases, the similarity index is compared among new cases. In coordinate with Analytic Hierarchy Process, index weight is calculated to reason an old case that is most closely related to the condition of the new case. This information system can assist discharge-planning staff in accurately formulating a plan of action based on previous case-assessment experience and in obtaining valuable information that helps make decision. Through the implementation of the system, accumulation on knowledge and experience of continuing care models will help staff evaluate process of discharge planning to achieve a reasonable, standardized, and simplified procedure as a whole.

This research will transform the evaluating experience of discharge-planning professionals into an assessment method with the application of computer reasoning to make the evaluation process of discharge planning convenient as well as to save more time for discharge-planning professionals to further understand the actual conditions of each case. On the other hand, this information system will provide discharge-planning staff with a set of recommendations as references for making individual discharge plan. It is expected through this research that each hospital be provided with a blue print of improvement in case evaluation process and management.     

An integrated manufacturing planning assistant — IMPA

In this paper, we describe our development of a fully integrated manufacturing planning assistant (IMPA) system, which is able to: (1) interpret the finished part requirements directly from the designer's CAD systems or solid modelers without user intervention or special feature coding; (2) check the machinability of a designed part; (3) automatically generate a process plan, a tool path and an NC (numerically controlled) code, and (4) support interactive user modification of the resulting plans, tool paths and NC code. A demonstration version of the system was designed to provide automated assistance for the planning of machining processes on three-axes NC machine tools. The underlying architectural concepts and reasoning algorithms can be extended to more complex machines such as four-or-more-axes NC machines. CAD, CAE, and CAM including robotic, FMS (flexible manufacturing system) and NC machines are widely used in industry today. There is increasing interest in automation of factory control software Merchant, (1988); this includes automating the generation of the control programs — that is, in developing systems which will automatically produce the NC code for machining the part, given a model of the part, the shape of the raw material, and the machine specifications. With such systems, there are several difficulties in the manual preparation of an NC program code such as, long and tedious calculations, high risk of error in data preparation, etc., which need to be eliminated. This is a critical step toward the integration of CAD and CAM into a truly concurrent engineering and manufacturing environment.     

流程企业计划调度体系结构研究

以石化企业为背景，在深入分析流程企业计划调度系统结构特征的基础上，结合流程企业计划调度的关键目标，提出了一种基于模型的中心化流程企业计划调度通用结构，突出了计划调度的中心地位．以此为指导，进一步建立并实现了基于知识的智能计划调度总体结构，为流程企业生产系统的运行优化提供了方法论的指导。     

基于实例的回转类零件工艺路线决策方法研究

以回转类零件为例,利用基于实例的推理（ＣＢＲ）方法、专家系统方法和特征技术,构造了一套完整实用的基于实例的工艺路线决策方法。构造了一种相似性参数计算公式,论述了新零件与实例进行比较和匹配的策略和算法,以及实例工艺信息筛选和实例工艺线修正方法,在实例抽取过程中,新零件与实例的匹配信息被详细记录下来,使得以实例抽取为基础的实例工艺信息筛选和工艺线路修正算法变得相对简单并易于实现。     

航电软件开发标准与过程研究

随着综合模块化航空电子系统研究的深入,其软件开发标准的重要地位日益突出,ARP4754 和DO-178C共同构成了综合模块化航空电子系统软件开发的新标准。从标准内容与信息流程两方面论述了标准之间的关系,同时讨论了航电软件计划过程、开发过程和综合过程的子过程、目标及活动内容,提出了过程自动化和过程省略的基本概念与方法。