在线手绘草图识别中的用户建模方法

提出了一种在线手绘草图识别的用户建模方法。该方法首先利用用户输入笔划的速率和曲率特性进行笔划特征点抽取和笔划分段,从而将用户的输入草图分解成基本图元表示;进而,利用决策树收集和记录用户输入草图的时序信息,实现对复杂手绘草图的用户建模和在线识别,并通过对用户输入模式使用频率的统计实现对用户模型的动态管理和更新。实验表明:该方法不仅能显著提高复杂图形的识别效率,而且具有在线训练能力。     

手绘草图识别中的相关反馈方法

手绘草图是人类思维外化和表达设计意图的有效工具之一，手绘草图的模糊性和用户适应性问题是草图识别中的关键问题。本文提出了将相关反馈机制引入到手绘草图识别中以捕捉用户意图的方法，该方法以抽取手绘草图的向量化特征为基础，首先利用基于图形特征的相似度计算，给出手绘草图候选识别结果集，然后借助用户对识别结果的相关性评价，通过逐渐调整图形构成特征的权重来捕捉用户输入意图，并提高识别效果。实验表明本文所提出的方法具有很好的效果。     

在线草图识别中的用户适应性研究

提出一种在线草图识别用户适应性解决方法，该方法分别采用支撑向量机主动式增量学习和动态用户建模技术进行笔划和复杂图形的识别．支撑向量机主动式增量学习方法通过主动“分析”用户增量数据，并根据用户反馈从中选择重要数据作为训练样本，可有效地鉴别用户手绘笔划特征，快速地识别用户输入笔划．动态用户建模技术则采用增量决策树记录草图的笔划构成及其手绘过程，有效捕捉用户的复杂图形手绘习惯，进而利用模糊匹配在草图绘制过程中预测和识别复杂图形．实验表明：该方法具有很好的效果，为解决在线草图识别及其用户适应性问题提供参考．     

基于用户建模的手绘草图识别

在线草图识别包括预处理、特征提取、图形规整和用户建模等几个方面的问题。其中用户建模是手绘草图识别的核心和关键问题。提出了一种在线草图识别用户建模方法,方法用动态用户建模技术进行笔划和复杂图形的识别。方法采用增量决策树记录草图的笔划构成及其手绘过程,实现对复杂手绘草图的用户建模和在线识别。实验表明所提出的方法不仅能得到较好的检索结果,而且具有较好的用户适用性     

联机手绘草图的识别原理

本文对应用工程师在人机交互过程中的思维方式做了深入研究,在此基础上,开发了新型的联机手绘草图输入系统。我们开发的“草图设计和输入系统”能将CAD用户的许多创造性思维意念在屏幕上直观地体现出来,输入快且出错少。本文系统地介绍了这一系统的识别原理。     

基于轮廓的手绘草图检索研究

利用傅利叶形状描述方法来统一描述手绘草图图像库和用户输入的手绘草图形状信息，该方法解决了基于笔划描述的计算效率和输入顺序敏感性问题。实验表明所提出的方法不仅能得到较好的检索结果，且具有较好的用户适应性。     

基于手绘草图的三维CAD系统

Post-IMP界面是下一代用户界面的主要范式。该文研究并实现了一种新型的基于笔的手绘草图三维CAD系统。实现手绘草图三维CAD系统的关键是设计一个自然、合理、高效的草图语义表达与获取框架,它要着眼于解决用户在做什么和在哪里做这两方面的问题。该文详细地讨论了草图语义表达和获取框架的设计思路及实现方法,并开发出一个原型系统,该系统以一支手写笔和一块手写板为交互输入设备,能够较自然高效地进行一些复杂的三维实体和三维场景设计。     

支持方案设计的手绘图形输入工具

手绘图形输入是表达设计意图，实现抽象概念与具体图形间相互转换的自然而有效手段之一、提出并初步实现了一个面向方案设计、采用在线图形识别方法和相似性相关反馈技术的手绘图形输人工具．在线图形识别方法将用户输入的笔画经过图形预处理、特征识别、图形拟合和规整等过程，即时地识别和预测用户的基本图形构造意图；相似性相关反馈技术则在基本图形按其空间和时间关系组合后，利用图形构成及其空间关系与图形模板的相似性计算，及时地捕捉和反馈用户输入图形的组成意图．实验表明：该工具具有很好的基本图形识别效果和良好的用户交互特性，为方案设计工具的研究提供了新的思路．     

一种基于图匹配的复杂草图识别方法

复杂草图识别是手绘草图输入中的一个困难任务。现存的草图识别方法强调的是图形对象简单．但这不适合具有不同复杂性的复杂草图的识别。本文对具有不同复杂性的复杂图形对象提出一个基于图形的统一表示法，文中根据不同信息枉度将复杂图形分别转化为空间关系图(SRG)。文中提出了一个约束的部分枚举．以减小识别复杂草图时匹配SRG的状态空间。实验结果显示．我们的方法可适用于具有不同复杂度的各种复杂图形对象的识别。     

基于草绘的机构识别及机构分析方法研究*

在概念设计阶段构造新型的支持创新过程的设计系统,对新产品的设计活动具有重要意义。在机械产品概念设计中将机构看成由图元构成的图形,提出一种面向概念设计的机构草图识别及分析方法,主要内容包括手绘草图输入及机构草图识别、机构方案运动分析。本文把手绘草图识别技术和机构运动相结合,通过对机构草图的识别以及机构的运动分析,实现在概念设计阶段对机构设计方案的评价分析。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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