实时虚拟化环境中的负载均衡与准入控制算法

虚拟化技术在实时嵌入式系统中的应用日趋广泛,但是目前虚拟化环境中常见的调度与负载均衡算法并不适用于硬实时系统中。为满足多核平台上虚拟化环境中对实时任务的支持,通过对Xen虚拟化环境中的SEDF调度算法进行改进,提供了一种在多核硬件平台下虚拟化环境中的准入控制与负载均衡算法。该算法能够保证每个处理器核上的工作量不会超载,并保证每个虚拟机中任务的实时性及其服务质量。算法实现较为简单、运行时开销较小。     

基于多核机群的人工鱼群并行算法

针对人工鱼群算法在复杂多峰函数优化问题上寻优精度低、后期搜索能力减弱且运行时间长等问题,提出一种基于多核机群的人工鱼群并行算法(PDN-AFS)。首先对人工鱼群算法的优势与不足进行分析,采用动态权衡因子策略并适时引入小生境机制,提出一种新的人工鱼群(DN-AFS)算法;然后根据多核机群的并行编程模型(MPI+OpenMP),对DN-AFS算法进行并行设计与分析,提出基于多核机群的人工鱼群并行算法;最后在多核机群环境下进行仿真实验。实验结果表明：该算法有效地提高了复杂多峰函数优化问题的收敛速度和寻优性能,并获得了较高的加速比。     

多核环境下高效集合通信关键技术研究

随着高性能计算需求的日益增长,多核处理器在高性能计算中间得到了广泛的普及.为了保证高性能计算机系统的效率,需要保持计算和通信的平衡性,多核的广泛使用对通信系统的效率提出了更高的要求.集合通信作为通信系统中的重要组成部分,研究多核环境下的高效集合通信具有十分重要的意义.文中首先研究了多核对集合通信性能的影响,并根据多核处理器共享Cache以及内存竞争的特点,提出了层次化算法、限制并发、NUMA感知的优化方法和Cache友好的优化算法,并分别在MPI_Barrier、MPI_Bcast和MPI_Alltoall中进行了验证.实验结果表明优化方法能够有效地利用多核结构特点,降低竞争带来的影响,提高了多核环境下集合通信的性能和可扩展性.     

基于多核处理器的RTOS系统分析探究

嵌入式设备发展需求提升,面向多核处理器系统开发的嵌入式实时操作系统成为研究重点。分析了基于多核处理器芯片操作系统2种体系结构、典型的自旋锁算法及全局任务调动机制等关键技术,指出目前多核RTOS系统软件设计与开发中存在的重难点以及未来发展方向。     

多核图像处理并行设计范式的研究与应用

多核计算环境下采用图像处理并行算法可提高图像处理的速度,但已有的并行设计只针对边缘检测、图像投影等特定算法进行,没有形成通用的并行算法设计范式。为此,在研究图像处理算法可并行处理机制和多核架构特点的基础上,提出分析、建模、映射、调试和性能评价及测试发布等5个设计步骤的基于多核计算环境的图像处理算法并行设计范式,以图像傅里叶变换并行算法设计为例在单核、双核、四核、八核计算环境下验证了该并行范式的有效性。实验结果表明,该范式在图像处理并行设计方面可扩展图像处理的应用空间。     

一种多核系统任务调度算法动态度量方法

任务调度算法的优劣直接影响系统的功能和性能,对其进行功能验证和性能评价具有很强的现实意义。本文改进IMC构建多核系统任务调度算法的功能模型,扩展aCSL从逻辑层次上刻画任务调度算法的性能指标,并基于改进的IMC和扩展的aCSL提出了一种多核系统任务调度算法动态度量方法实现对任务调度算法的功能验证和性能评价。用例分析表明本文提出的动态度量方法能有效对任务调度算法进行功能和性能的描述和度量,为多核系统任务调度算法的正确执行提供了有力支撑。     

结合Boosting方法与SVM的多核学习跟踪算法

针对传统算法在外界环境及目标运动导致外形变化的影响下跟踪效果不稳定的问题,提出一种鲁棒的多核学习跟踪算法,将Boosting提升方法引入到多核学习框架中,用比传统多核学习算法更少的样本训练,构建出基于互补性特征集和核函数集的弱分类器池,从中将多个单核的弱分类器组合出一个多核的强分类器,从而在出现较强背景干扰、目标被遮挡的情况下仍能正确地对候选图块中的背景和目标进行分类。对不同视频序列的测试结果表明,与同样采用Boosting方法的OAB算法及近年跟踪精度高的LOT算法相比,该算法能够在复杂环境下更准确地跟踪到目标。     

异构多核计算系统的Codelet任务调度策略

Codelet数据流计算模型在处理大规模并行计算任务时效果显著,但该模型目前缺少在异构多核环境中的任务调度策略。因此,提出了一种在异构多核环境下基于蚁群算法的Codelet任务调度策略。该调度策略将启发式算法与蚁群算法相融合,在发挥各自优势的同时克服了启发式算法不能得出最优解的缺陷以及蚁群算法初始信息匮乏的问题。实验结果表明,智能蚁群任务调度策略相比Codelet运行时系统中原生的动态调度和静态调度策略具有更高的执行效率。     

基于OpenMP的高效多子阵合成孔径声呐距离多普勒成像算法

为充分利用多核CPU计算资源解决多子阵合成孔径声纳成像效率低的问题,提出了一种共享内存环境下的距离多普勒成像算法并行解决方案。在分析多子阵合成孔径声纳距离多普勒成像算法并行性的基础上,对算法中预处理、距离向脉冲压缩、固定相位补偿、距离徙动校正和方位向脉冲压缩进行了OpenMP并行化设计,充分利用多核CPU计算资源实现了大数据量合成孔径声纳图像快速重构。对实测数据的成像实验结果表明,并行成像算法加速比高达19.86,满足实时合成孔径声纳系统成像需求。     

基于多核平台并行K-Medoids算法研究

分析K-Medoids算法的内在并行性,设计一个适合多核平台的并行算法,并利用OpenMP进行实验。实验结果表明,并行算法对多核环境有很好的适应性,在双核及四核计算机上均获得了较好的加速比与运行效率。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate