监督式多模态图像表征学习EI北大核心CSCD

通过结合多模态特征与类别标签信息,提出一种基于监督式多模态词典学习的图像表征方法.首先使用纹理、颜色、形状和结构4种模态的视觉特征,以学习包含"共享+特有"信息的稀疏特征来描述目标的视觉特性;然后通过拉普拉斯正则化项使学习到的稀疏特征能够反映类别标签中的语义信息,以增强所学习特征的辨识力.通过图像分类进行实验的结果表明,该方法优于单模态特征及其他基准多模态特征学习方法.     

监督式多模态图像表征学习

通过结合多模态特征与类别标签信息,提出一种基于监督式多模态词典学习的图像表征方法.首先使用纹理、颜色、形状和结构4种模态的视觉特征,以学习包含"共享+特有"信息的稀疏特征来描述目标的视觉特性;然后通过拉普拉斯正则化项使学习到的稀疏特征能够反映类别标签中的语义信息,以增强所学习特征的辨识力.通过图像分类进行实验的结果表明,该方法优于单模态特征及其他基准多模态特征学习方法.     

综合颜色和轮廓曲线特征的图像检索方法研究

传统的基于内容图像检索（CBIR）及跟踪算法主要利用图像的颜色、纹理等特征进行相似性比较,但大量的实验和应用也表明利用颜色和纹理进行图像相似性比较在空间结构和对象形状上难以精确控制,致使图像检索经常出现一些不可预料的结果。为了提高图像在形状、颜色及纹理上的检索精度,提出了一种综合颜色和图像轮廓曲线特征的检索方法。该方法分割图像并提取图像中感兴趣对象的轮廓,对提取的轮廓进行仿射变换及最小值化处理,经处理后的轮廓带有边缘的完整信息,具有几何不变性;利用聚类的颜色信息,提取主聚类的直方图,所提取的直方图不仅包含了主聚类的颜色信息也包含了该聚类的空间位置信息。利用检索对象与被检索对象的颜色距离直方图及轮廓曲线距离偏差的加权平均度量检索及被检索对象的相似性。实验结果表明,针对基于感兴趣对象的图像检索问题,给出了一种具有高度检索精度的算法。     

结合特征偏好的半监督聚类学习

半监督聚类是机器学习的重要研究内容之一,它通过利用样本层面的少量标记数据信息或者利用特征层面的特征偏好信息来指导半监督聚类。但现有的半监督聚类算法仅考虑了单一层面的半监督先验信息,罕有同时考虑两个不同层面的此类信息进行半监督聚类。为了弥补这一遗漏,联合利用特征层面给定的特征偏好,即特征之间的相对重要性关系,并结合样本层面的少量标记数据等半监督信息,在传统的半监督聚类算法基础上发展出一个扩展型半监督聚类算法。初步实验验证了该算法的有效性。     

MRMR和SSGMM联合分类模型的煤泥浮选系统药况图像识别

为解决煤泥浮选过程依靠工人肉眼识别泡沫特征来调节药剂用量,造成药剂浪费,产品质量不合格的问题,提出一种MRMR和SSGMM联合分类模型的药况图像识别方法.针对泡沫图像的形态、纹理、颜色特征与泡沫类别具有不同程度的相关性.将精煤灰分作为泡沫的类别信息,利用最大相关最小冗余(MRMR)算法筛选最优特征;针对传统的高斯混合模型(GMM)在聚类时,存在结果需人为判断实现分类的问题,通过引入少量已知加药状况下的泡沫图像特征样本对其改进,构建半监督高斯混合模型(SSGMM)泡沫图像聚类器.将优选的且具有少量先验标签信息的多维泡沫图像特征融合到SSGMM聚类模型中,利用少量的标记样本引导聚类,并将其标签信息映射给聚类结果实现自动分类.实验表明,这种联合分类模型提高了泡沫识别的准确性,为药剂用量的准确控制与精煤产品质量提供了关键技术支持.     

基于多模态特征的医学图像聚类方法

现有的图像特征表达大多使用低层语义特征(如颜色、纹理等)细粒度地比较图像的相似度,然而医生就诊更多依据图像在局部区域高层语义特征(如是否病变、病变类型等)的差异粗粒度地判断图像的相似程度。针对现有的医学图像特征表达忽略了医学图像特有的高层语义特征,致使医学图像聚类效果不佳的问题,提出了一种融合医学图像纹理特征和特有形态学特征的多模态特征医学图像聚类方法。首先一方面提出使用纹理特征融合方法表示医学图像全局底层语义特征;另一方面提出使用图像分割的感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI)的形态学描述作为形态学特征表示医学图像的局部高层语义信息。其次结合提出的相似性度量方法分别计算脑CT图像两类特征间的相似度。最后利用多核学习方法学习特征融合权重,并在多核谱聚类实验上验证了该方法的有效性。     

半监督空间化竞争聚集算法及其在图像分割中的应用

经典竞争聚集( CA)算法在聚类时对于样本中的少量已知信息没有加以利用,但这些信息往往需要应用到整个聚类过程中。此外,在相似度度量函数的选择上CA算法使用常见的欧氏距离,然而欧氏距离仅适用于团状数据,制约了算法的应用范围。针对上述问题,通过引入具备半监督学习能力的半监督项对隶属度矩阵进行增强,利用聚类中心和中心邻近的点组成空间,把样本点与该空间的距离替代欧氏距离作为新的相似度度量标准,并给出判断聚类中心能否合并的阈值参数,最终得到半监督空间化CA算法。通过在人造图像和真实图像上的分割结果表明,该算法能够更准确地获取聚类类别数以及更好的聚类效果。     

基于改进颜色直方图和灰度共生矩阵的图像检索

针对传统颜色直方图提取的颜色特征维数高、传统灰度共生矩阵忽视纹理方向等问题,提出一种融合改进的颜色直方图和灰度共生矩阵算法的新图像检索算法。利用K-means聚类对检测图像进行颜色聚类以降低图像颜色数;在HSV空间进行矢量化编码,统计图像码字形成颜色直方图以提取颜色特征;利用灰度共生矩阵提取检测图像的4个特征值,利用方向测度引入权值因子,将其与4个特征值融合,对融合后的各分量进行高斯归一化后形成纹理特征向量;最后,采用加权平均融合颜色和纹理的特征距离。与其他两种算法相比,仿真实验表明本算法对一般图像和有纹理倾向的图像有较高的查全率和查准率。     

改进退化的半监督模糊聚类应用于MR图像分割

半监督聚类利用少量标记样本的辅助信息来引导对大量无标记数据的分割。Pedrycz提出的半监督FCM(sFCM)算法应用标记样本的类别归属信息来辅助聚类,其在标记点过于稀少时会退化为无监督FCM算法且收敛较慢,难以应用于多数实际问题。在半监督FCM的基础上提出一种改进退化的半监督FCM算法(dsFCM),通过在sFCM迭代过程中设置监督成分的比重,来加大标记样本点对聚类中心的影响力,在聚类精度、速度和鲁棒性上均比半监督FCM有所提高,解决了标记点稀疏时的退化问题,在医学图像分割上取得了良好应用。     

基于半监督KFCM及邻域信息的遥感图像分类算法

针对传统的模糊C-均值在遥感图像分类时容易产生局部最优现象以及对噪声过于敏感等问题,提出了一种基于半监督、核函数及空间邻域信息的模糊C-均值遥感图像分类算法。该算法基于遥感图像的光谱特征空间,根据地物的地表反射率大小进行聚类;在聚类迭代过程中,考虑到像素单元空间邻域的相关性,根据空间邻域信息加权调整像素点的隶属度大小;引入了核理论,解决遥感图像分类的非线性问题,使用内核诱导距离取代原模糊C-均值中的欧氏距离,优化图像样本特征;算法还使用了半监督分类技术,充分利用少量的已知标记信息,达到提高分类精度的目的。实验结果表明,该算法能有效提高分类精度,有效抑制噪声干扰,减少了迭代次数和时间。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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