虚拟装配环境支持下的产品可装配性评估

为了解决传统的产品可装配性评估研究需要结合实物模型或样机进行反复试验造成的评估周期长且成本高的问题,提出虚拟装配环境(VA)下的产品可装配性评估方法.从CAD模型及产品虚拟装配操作过程中分别得到产品装配中各零件的基本属性信息及主观属型信息,建立零件属性信息模型,通过Boothroyd-Dewhurst方法中的装配操作时间表计算得到产品装配效率,对产品可装配性进行评估.以减速箱产品装配为研究实例在虚拟环境下对产品可装配性进行了评估,验证了该方法的有效性和实用性.     

面向概念设计的零件定性模型

针对概念零件结构的定性特性，提出了支持概念设计并能指导和控制零件形状设计的概念零件结构定性模型，讨论了形体符号的定义和分类，零件符号化的基本步骤和疗法。给出了典型结构概念零件的符号表示实例．讨论了定性几何约束、定性几何约束图和定性拼合运算．并结合实例介绍了概念零件定性模型的建立过程．     

虚拟环境中基于约束动态解除的产品拆卸技术研究

虚拟拆卸是验证产品可拆卸性与可维护性、确定产品装配序列的有效手段．提出虚拟拆卸过程中配合约束的自动解除方法．随着拆卸过程的递进，根据设计者的交互意图，适时取消零件所受的配合约束．实现了虚拟拆卸过程中零件的约束运动，将运动传感器检测到的设计者手的实际运动映射到虚拟环境中零件的可自由运动空间，以有效地支持虚拟环境中交互拆卸的完成．相关方法在虚拟设计与装配原型系统的研究与开发中得到实现．     

基于蚁群优化算法的目标拆卸序列规划

为了能够以较高的效率求解出产品中目标零件的拆卸方案,基于产品中零件间的拆卸优先约束关系,提出并建立目标零件的拆卸层次信息图模型,将目标零件的拆卸序列规划问题转化为对该图模型中具备最优值的路径的搜索和寻优问题.同时,提出一种改进蚁群优化算法,以实现对目标零件拆卸层次信息图的构建和对拆卸方案的搜索与寻优.最后通过实例验证了该方法的可行性和计算效率.     

智能装配规划中的拆卸方向计算

提出了基于装配约束的离散化单位球面的拆卸方向计算方法．首先利用离散化的单位球面计算局部拆卸方向集，通过离散点坐标的加权平均求取拆卸方向集的质心；然后通过可拆卸性判断获得可行的全局拆卸方向．应用表明，该方法可有效地降低复杂产品拆卸方向求解的计算复杂度．     

基于特征的装配尺寸链自动生成及分析的研究

讨论了尺寸和公差的工程语义的表达，提出零件邻接表和尺寸邻接表的装置体分级建模方式，并由封闭环信息优化调整装置体零件邻接表，在此基础上提出了根据产品的装配特征，形状特征，精度特征和指定的封闭环信息自动生成装置尺寸／公差链的算法。     

模糊推理Petri网及其在产品拆卸序列决策中的应用

为了在产品拆卸序列决策时,简化拆卸路径的分析难度,提出一种以模糊推理Petri网为工具的产品拆卸序列决策模型.采用将模糊推理Petri网与矩阵运算相结合的形式化推理算法,对所提出的决策算法进行了论述.实例应用结果表明,此模型在产品拆卸过程规划中具有很强的并行处理能力,可以根据产品在拆卸过程中零部件的最新信息对每一步操作作出适时的智能化决策,从而实现将产品中若干零件作为子装配体进行拆卸的自动聚类识别,减少了产品拆卸的复杂性.     

基于装配约束动态管理的虚拟拆卸

装配约束是虚拟拆卸环境下必须考虑的装配体的重要信息，提出虚拟拆卸过程中装配约束的动态管理机制，并实现了基于装配约束导航的虚拟拆卸。装配约束的动态管理包括虚拟环境下装配约束的获取、表达以及拆卸过程中装配约束的动态维护，即装配约束的动态解除和产生，文中用装配约束图表达零件间的装配约束，提出装配约束的间接解除方法，并实现了基于装配约束推理的零件可拆卸方向的推导。最后，通过一个简单装配体的拆卸实例，对文中方法进行了验证。     

虚拟拆卸环境中工具的操作技术

在虚拟拆卸环境中借助工具拆除紧固零件，能够使虚拟环境下的拆卸活动更加真实，有利于获得符合工程实际的拆卸序列．提出工具定位约束的概念，对虚拟拆卸环境中工具的操作技术进行了深入研究．首先分析工具的拆卸操作过程；然后对常用工具的工具定位约束进行研究，并论述了虚拟环境中工具精确定位的实现方式；最后以Bell-roller产品装配体模型为例，在沉浸式虚拟环境中基于工具定位约束、操作螺钉起子和扳手完成紧固零件的拆除。     

基于几何推理的装配序列自动规划研究

以问题规约的求解策略和分解法规划产生的装配序列,提出与或图表达装配体拆卸序列解空间,通过求解拆卸序列与或图的解空间,得到装配体的拆卸序列;将拆卸序列反向得到装配序列,为降低装配体拓扑联接图的复杂度,以作业组件做出识别,文中提出判断零件可拆卸性的三个条件,使大部分零件无需进行干涉检验,而由逻辑推理即可判断是否满足拆卸条件,避免了多次试凑,有更高求解效率,可更广泛地用于装配序列求解上。     

A conceptual approach for the die structure design

A large number of decisions are made during the conceptual design stage which is characterized by a lack of complete geometric information. While existing CAD systems supporting the geometric aspects of design have had little impact at the conceptual design stage. To support the conceptual die design and the top–down design process, a new concept called conceptual assembly modeling framework (CAMF) is presented in this paper. Firstly, the framework employs the zigzag function-symbol mapping to implement the function design of the die. From the easily understood analytical results of the function-symbol mapping matrix, the designer can evaluate the quality of a proposed die concept. Secondly, a new method—logic assembly modeling is proposed using logic components in this framework to satisfy the characteristic of the conceptual die design. Representing shapes and spatial relations in logic can provide a natural, intuitive method of developing complete computer systems for reasoning about die construction design at the conceptual stage. The logic assembly which consists of logic components is an innovative representation that provides a natural link between the function design of the die and the detailed geometric design.     

Real-virtual components interaction for assembly simulation and planning

Assembly motion simulation is crucial during conceptual product design to identify potential assembly issues and enhance assembly efficiency. This paper presents a novel assembly simulation system incorporating real-virtual components interaction in an augmented-reality based environment. With this system, users can manipulate and assemble virtual components to real components during assembly simulation using natural gestures through an enhanced bare-hand interface. Accurate and realistic movements of virtual components can be obtained based on constraints analysis, determination of resultant forces from contacts with real components and manipulation from the user's hands (forces and torques applied, etc.) during assembly simulation. A prototype system has been developed, and a case study of an automobile clutch was conducted to validate the effectiveness and intuitiveness of the system.     

基于Voronoi图的定性路径推理

动态空间知识的表示与推理是定性空间推理研究的重要内容.基于Voronoi图及其动态变化,提出运动路径定性表示与推理方法.先根据Voronoi图空间邻近关系定义Voronoi图生成子空间关系,进一步定义定性位置及概念邻域,并应用概念相邻的定性位置序列给出定性路径表示.再由动态Voronoi图的边集变化和给出的概念邻域中定性位置间最短路径的启发式算法,设计并实现具有观察者角度的定性路径推理算法.最后,实验分析并验证该方法的有效性.     

Cloud-based design for disassembly to create environmentally friendly products

To date, environmental awareness and government regulations have made businesses more responsible for waste disposal. From the product development standpoint, particularly in the design phase, disassembly factors including component disassemblability and recyclable component classification require further investigation. There has, however, been little literature survey focusing on disassemblability enhancement at the product design stage with the disassembly guidelines. In addition, cloud computing enables many applications of Web services and rekindles the interest of providing design services via the Internet. Recent research indicates that design delivered through cloud computing will outperform the traditional IT offers. In this study, the proposed methodology provides an total solution, which is able to: (1) Model the relationship of components and modularity, (2) explore component disassemblability and identify modules, (3) recognize disassembly patterns, (4) provide disassembly guidelines and recyclable component classification to instruct how to disassemble components, and (5) based on a cloud computing architecture, designers exchange and store their design information and knowledge for new sustainable product development. A case in electronic industry is studied and the results show that these companies are brought into conformance with environmental regulations, thereby enhancing product reuse, reduce, recycle, and reducing the disassembly time.     

Multiple-view feature modelling for integral product development

To allow a designer to focus on the information that is relevant for a particular product development phase, is an important aspect of integral product development. Unlike current modelling systems, multiple-view feature modelling can adequately support this, by providing an own view on a product for each phase. Each view contains a feature model of the product specific for the corresponding phase. An approach to multiple-view feature modelling is presented that supports conceptual design, assembly design, part detail design and part manufacturing planning. It does not only provide views with form features to model single parts, as previous approaches to multiple-view feature modelling did, but also a view with conceptual features, to model the product configuration with functional components and interfaces between these components, and a view with assembly features, to model the connections between components. The general concept of this multiple-view feature modelling approach, the functionality of the four views, and the way the views are kept consistent, are described.     

定性立体形状表达和建模方法

概念设计在整个产品开发过程中的地位越来越重要,计算机辅助概念设计是计算机辅助设计的发展方向之一。传统的产品建模技术由于不能在产品开发的初期阶段很好地为产品的设计服务,因此有必要研究和开发面向产品概念设计的新的产品建模方法。本文介绍了一种基于领域和领域关系的定性立体形状表达方法和建模方法。该方法满足了概念设计对形状表达的要求,并能简化定性立体构筑过程。     

Towards computer-aided configuration design for the life cycle

In modern design, life-cycle concerns such as recycling and service are receiving increased attention. The configuration design phase, where the product and component structure is established, is of particular importance when designing for the life cycle. In this paper, the foundation for a CAD system supporting configuration design for the life cycle is presented. A prototypical CAD system, called CODA (Configuration Design of Assemblies), is under development based on this foundation. A discussion on the supported product and component representation is given, followed by a portrayal of some of the capabilities to support life-cycle design. Specifically, requirements are identified for the information needed to support design for assembly, disassembly, service, recycling, and reuse. A case study involving the (re)design of a hand-held tape recorder with respect to improved disassemblability and recyclability is utilized to highlight some of the capabilities of the current system. With the new product and component representation embodied in CODA, improved support over current CAD systems is provided for configuration design and life-cycle design assessments.     

A preliminary study on qualitative and imprecise solid modelling for conceptual shape modelling

The shape design of products is the primary activity of design process. A preliminary study on qualitative and imprecise solid modelling for computer-aided conceptual shape design is presented in this paper. Firstly, the requirements of shape representation for computer-aided conceptual shape design are discussed. Secondly, in the situation where the product information is deficient, the ideas of qualitative and imprecise solid modelling are proposed to deal with qualitative and imprecise information of conceptual shapes. The aim is mainly to explore the representation and manipulation of product shapes in order to benefit designers to design shapes in the conceptual design phase. Finally, a prototype system called deficient information modelling system for conceptual shape (DIMShape) is under development to verify the relevant ideas.     

Using requirement-functional-logical-physical models to support early assembly process planning for complex aircraft systems integration

The assembly line process planning connects product design and manufacturing through translating design information to assembly integration sequence. The assembly integration sequence defines the aircraft system components installation and test precedence of an assembly process. This activity is part of the complex systems integration and verification process from a systems engineering view. In this paper, the complexity of modern aircraft is defined by classifying aircraft system interactions in terms of energy flow, information data, control signals and physical connections. At the early conceptual design phase of assembly line planning, the priority task is to understand these product complexities, and generate the installation and test sequence that satisfies the designed system function and meet design requirements. This research proposes a novel method for initial assembly process planning that accounts for both physical and functional integrations. The method defines aircraft system interactions by using systems engineering concepts based on traceable RFLP (Requirement, Functional, Logical and Physical) models and generate the assembly integration sequence through a structured approach. The proposed method is implemented in an industrial software environment, and tested in a case study. The result shows the feasibility and potential benefits of the proposed method.