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1.
公平的有向传感器网络方向优化和节点调度算法   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
温俊  蒋杰  窦文华 《软件学报》2009,20(3):644-659
为了解决有向传感器网络中点目标覆盖控制问题,分别提出了两种方向优化算法和一个节点调度协议:改进的贪婪(enhanced greedy algorithm,简称EGA)、公平的方向优化(equitable direction optimization,简称EDO)算法和邻居节点调度协议(neighbors sensing scheduling,NSS).EGA 基于覆盖最多未覆盖的目标数选取工作方向,其不足是可能忽略临界目标.EDO 优化算法调节节点的工作方向,优先覆盖临界目标,公平分配感知资源,减小目标覆盖度的差异,EDO 算法使用效用值评价每个方向对网络覆盖质量的贡献大小,影响效用值的因素包括每个方向上的目标数、目标的覆盖度和邻居节点的方向决策,EDO 总是选择效用值最大的方向作为工作方向.NSS 协议引入局部覆盖集的概念,通过局部覆盖集判断当前节点是否为冗余节点,并在考虑节点剩余能量时决定节点是否可以转为睡眠,调度协议允许一个节点加入多个覆盖集,覆盖集轮流工作,使网络生存期最大化.仿真实验结果表明,分布式的EDO 算法比EGA 算法具有更好的方向优化性能,临界目标的覆盖质量提高了30%,同时明显地提高了网络生存期.  相似文献   

2.
基于微粒群优化的有向传感器网络覆盖增强算法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
覆盖作为无线传感器网络监测中的基础问题反映了无线传感器网络的感知服务质量.在分析节点主感知方向可调模型的基础上,提出了一种微粒群优化的有向传感器网络覆盖增强算法.该算法针对节点主感知方向设计微粒适应值函数和种群进化策略, 以区域覆盖率为优化目标,通过微粒群优化有效调整传感器节点的主感知方向,从而达到有向传感器网络的覆盖增强.实验验证了算法的有效性.  相似文献   

3.
基于改进势场的有向传感器网络路径覆盖增强算法   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
路径覆盖是无线传感器网络目标监控领域的一个热点研究问题,在分析节点主感知方向可调模型的基础上,提出了一种基于改进势场的有向传感器网络路径覆盖增强算法(improved potential field based path coverage-enhancing algorithm,IPFPCA).该算法针对传统虚拟势场可能出现的局部极小导致覆盖增强失败问题设计了一种改进的势场函数,通过将相邻传感器节点对路径轨迹点的共同覆盖率引入到斥力计算中,有效引导节点的主感知方向调整,从而达到路径的高效覆盖.实验结果表明:对比已有的路径覆盖增强算法,IPFPCA可以消除节点的感知重叠区和盲区,最终实现网络路径的高效覆盖.  相似文献   

4.
视频传感器网络中无盲区监视优化   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
针对监控区域存在障碍物的情况,从无线视频传感节点的有向感知特性出发,讨论了视频传感器网络覆盖效果与监控区域之间的相互关系.在此基础上,定义了视频传感器网络的无盲区覆盖模型.基于虚拟势场的工作原理,提出了一种适用于无盲区覆盖模型的覆盖率动态优化算法PFOFSA(potential field based occlusion-free surveillance algorithm).设计了PFOFSA中虚拟力的相互作用方法与监控节点运动规则,通过监控区域、重叠区域和遮挡区域之间的相互作用,逐步消除网络中的感知重叠区和盲区,优化视频无线传感器网络的覆盖率.最后,通过一系列的仿真实验分析了不同监控区域参数对PFOFSA算法的影响,验证了算法的有效性.  相似文献   

5.
为了提高无线多媒体传感器网络(WMSNs)区域覆盖率,在传感器节点随机部署后,通过调节传感器节点的感知方向,使节点从感知重叠区域向覆盖盲区转动,提高网络覆盖率。针对现有算法中存在覆盖效率和覆盖率不能统一的问题,提出一种改进的虚拟力覆盖算法(VFARCR),该算法利用传感器节点感知扇形区域质心点间的斥力调节感知方向,且通过传感器节点间的覆盖冗余度的决定方向调整的大小,虚拟力和覆盖冗余度共同控制传感器的转动。仿真实验表明:该算法提高了覆盖效率和覆盖效果,提高了虚拟力覆盖算法的性能。  相似文献   

6.
视觉传感器网络中节点感知模型为有向感知模型,感知范围被限定在节点的视野范围内.节点拥有多个感知方向,在一个工作时刻,节点只能工作于一个方向.针对视觉传感器网络的有向感知模型的点目标覆盖问题,提出一种贪婪算法(GreedyAlgorithm),在优化网络对于目标点覆盖的同时,解决了节点自身覆盖冲突的问题.在此基础上,引入贡献率概念反映节点在其感知方向上对于覆盖的贡献,提出了基于贡献率的贪婪算法(Contribution Rate Greedy Algorithm)以增大网络覆盖率.仿真实验表明了该算法的有效性.  相似文献   

7.
基于虚拟势场的有向传感器网络覆盖增强算法   总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12  
陶丹  马华东  刘亮 《软件学报》2007,18(5):1152-1163
首先从视频传感器节点方向性感知特性出发,设计了一种方向可调感知模型,并以此为基础对有向传感器网络覆盖增强问题进行分析与定义;其次,提出了一种基于虚拟势场的有向传感器网络覆盖增强算法PFCEA (potential field based coverage-enhancing algorithm).通过引入"质心"概念,将有向传感器网络覆盖增强问题转化为质心均匀分布问题,以质心点作圆周运动代替传感器节点传感方向的转动.质心在虚拟力作用下作扩散运动,以消除网络中感知重叠区和盲区,进而增强整个有向传感器网络覆盖.一系列仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性.  相似文献   

8.
研究有向传感器网络覆盖控制问题,全向传感器不能直接应用于有向传感器网络.为改善有向传感器网络覆盖性能,在分析有向感知模型的基础上,提出了应用混沌粒子群的有向传感器网络覆盖优化算法,可随机部署有向传感器网络,以网络区域覆盖率为优化目标,利用粒子群算法较快的收敛速度和混沌搜索的遍历性、随机性,通过调整传感器节点的主感方向,减少网络感知重叠区和感知盲区.仿真结果表明,改进算法能有效提高网络覆盖率.与基本粒子群等覆盖优化算法相比,改进算法覆盖优化性能更好.  相似文献   

9.
作为无线视频传感器网络的一个研究热点,有向覆盖控制理论引起了很多研究者的广泛关注,但是有向K覆盖问题还未得到深入研究.由于最大K有向覆盖问题属于NP-complete问题,所以难以在多项式时间内得到求解,因此设计了一种简单的分布式启发式算法,在一跳邻居范围内对传感器节点的感知方向进行协同调度,使得目标集合被有向K覆盖的时间最大.最后通过仿真比较了有向感知K覆盖DS-K-Coverage算法、贪婪算法Greedy-Algorithm、随机覆盖算法Random-Coverage的覆盖性能.  相似文献   

10.
一种基于虚拟力的有向传感器网络低冗余覆盖增强算法   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
首先设计了一种方向可调感知模型,在此基础上提出了一种基于虚拟力的有向传感器网络低冗余覆盖增强算法(Fictitious Force Based Low Redundancy Coverage-Enhancing Algorithm,FFLRCA).传统基于虚拟力的覆盖增强算法只判断调整方向,节点的调整量为固定值,并且没...  相似文献   

11.
In recent years, the directional sensor networks have been attractive to researchers due to their wide and different applications. These networks normally contain a number of self-configurable directional sensors holding adjustable spherical sectors with limited angle. One of the most significant problems in such networks is how to monitor the targets scattered in these networks using sensors with adjustable sensing range and, at the same time, maximize the network lifetime. This problem is recognized as Maximum Network Lifetime With Adjustable Ranges; it has been already proved as an NP-complete problem. As an efficient solution to this problem, the present paper proposes a target-oriented GA-based algorithm that can form cover sets comprising sensors with appropriate directions and sensing ranges in a way to desirably monitor all targets in the network. We examined the efficiency of the proposed algorithm by comparing its obtained results with those of a greedy-based one introduced recently in literature. The comparative results confirmed the efficient performance of the proposed algorithm and also its superiority over the greedy-based algorithm in terms of extending the network lifetime.  相似文献   

12.
Sensor networks have been applied in a wide variety of situations. Recently directional sensor networks consisting of directional sensors have gained attention. As for the traditional target coverage problem, the limited sensing angle of directional sensors makes it even more challenging. Moreover, individual targets may also be associated with differentiated priorities. Considering the distance between the directional sensors and targets influences sensing quality, this paper proposes the priority-based target coverage problem and strives to choose a minimum subset of directional sensors that can monitor all targets, satisfying their prescribed priorities. Due to the NP-Complete complexity, the minimum subset of directional sensors is approximated by using a genetic algorithm. Simulation results reveal the effects of multiple factors on the size of the resulting subset.  相似文献   

13.
刘志敏  贾维嘉  王国军 《软件学报》2016,27(12):3120-3130
有向传感器网络由大量有向传感器节点组成,不同于有着全向感知范围的全向传感器网络,有向传感器网络的感知范围是一个扇形区域.研究了有向传感器网络的覆盖预测模型及数量估计问题.针对节点随机部署的应用环境,在初始部署网络时,为满足一定的覆盖率要求,在充分考虑了目标区域边界效应的基础上,提出了一种基于概率的网络覆盖预测模型.基于该模型,对初始部署的节点数目进行了预测.通过仿真实验,对结果进行了分析.结果表明:利用所提模型得到的理论值与实验真实值拟合较好,且更符合实际应用需求.  相似文献   

14.
倪晓军  郑龙 《计算机工程》2011,37(11):281-282,287
提出一种基于Mirror Driver的自适应屏幕录制算法MDAC,该算法运用Mirror Driver技术检测屏幕显示内容的变化,并通过检测该区域的更新频率,自适应地选择图像编码算法。实验结果表明,该算法能够在保证屏幕录像质量的情况下,大幅度降低CPU占用率和录制文件的大小。  相似文献   

15.
A directional sensor network consists of a large number of directional sensors (e.g., image/video sensors), which have a limited angle of sensing range due to technical constraints or cost considerations. In such directional sensor networks, the power saving issue is a challenging problem. In this paper, we address the Directional Cover and Transmission (DCT) problem of organizing the directional sensors into a group of non-disjoint subsets to extend the network lifetime. One subset in which the directional sensors cover all the targets and forward the sensed data to the sink is activated at one time, while the others sleep to conserve their energy. For the DCT problem proven to be the NP-complete problem, we present a heuristic algorithm called the Shortest Path from Target to Sink (SPTS)-greedy algorithm. To verify and evaluate the proposed algorithm, we conduct extensive simulations and show that it can contribute to extending the network lifetime to a reasonable extent.  相似文献   

16.
This paper proposes a pursuit system that utilizes the artificial life concept where autonomous mobile agents emulate the social behavior of animals and insects and realize their group behavior. Each agent contains sensors to perceive other agents in several directions, and decides its behavior based on the information obtained by these sensors. In this paper, a neural network is used for behavior decision controlling. The input of the neural network is decided by the existence of other agents, and the distance to the other agents. The output determines the directions in which the agent moves. The connection weight values of this neural network are encoded as genes, and the fitness individuals are determined using a genetic algorithm. Here, the fitness values imply how much group behavior adequately fit the goal and can express group behavior. The validity of the system is verified through simulation. Also in this paper, we have observed the agents emergent behavior during simulation.This paper was supported by WonKwang University in 2004.  相似文献   

17.
区别于传统全向传感器,有向传感器可以根据目标位置旋转到任意方向,更有针对性地覆盖目标.针对有向传感器目标覆盖问题,加入目标优先级的约束条件,在粒子群算法上进行改进,融入疫苗接种机制,使在所有目标均满足优先级条件下所需传感器的集合规模最小.仿真结果表明:相对于目前针对此问题性能最好的遗传算法,改进粒子群算法大大降低了算法...  相似文献   

18.
有向传感器网络覆盖控制算法   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
陶丹  马华东 《软件学报》2011,22(10):2317-2334
覆盖控制是传感器网络的基本问题之一,基于全向感知模型的覆盖控制的研究已经积累了丰富的成果.近年来,得益于图像/视频、红外、超声波等传感器的引入,有向传感器网络覆盖控制问题得到广泛关注并发展成为研究热点.从有向感知模型及其特点入手,综述了该领域国内外的研究进展,着重分类讨论有向传感器网络覆盖控制的基本理论和算法.最后提出当前亟待解决的问题,并对其未来的发展趋势进行展望.  相似文献   

19.
In this paper, control algorithms are presented for formation keeping and path following for non-holonomic platforms. The controls are based on feedback from onboard directional range sensors, and a switching Kalman filter is introduced for active sensing. Stability is analyzed theoretically and robustness is demonstrated in experiments and simulations.  相似文献   

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