基于百度地图的改进的K-means算法研究

聚类分析在科研和商业应用中都有着非常重要的应用,K-means算法是聚类方法中常用的一种划分方法。随着数据量的增加,K-means算法的局限性日益突出。在百度地图的各种坐标体系下,提出一种改进的基于网格的K-means算法,用新的方法确定k值以及K个初始质心。相对于传统的K-means算法,该算法在一定程度上减少了因采用误差平方和准则函数而出现较大的聚类簇分割开的情况,仿真实验结果表明:改进后的K-means算法优于原始算法,并且稳定性更好。     

自适应布谷鸟搜索的并行K-means聚类算法*

针对K-means聚类算法受初始类中心影响,聚类结果容易陷入局部最优导致聚类准确率较低的问题,提出了一种基于自适应布谷鸟搜索的K-means 聚类改进算法,并利用MapReduce编程模型实现了改进算法的并行化。通过搭建的Hadoop分布式计算平台对不同样本数据集分别进行10次准确性实验和效率实验,结果表明：(1)聚类的平均准确率在实验所采用的4种UCI标准数据集上,相比原始K-means聚类算法和基于粒子群优化算法改进的K-means聚类算法都有所提高;(2) 聚类的平均运行效率在实验所采用的5种大小递增的随机数据集上,当数据量较大时,显著优于原始K-means串行算法,稍好于粒子群优化算法改进的并行K-means聚类算法。可以得出结论,在大数据情景下,应用该算法的聚类效果较好。     

求解K-means聚类更有效的算法

聚类分析是数据挖掘及机器学习领域内的重点问题之一.K-means聚类由于其简羊买用,在聚类划分中是应用最广泛的一种方案.提出了在传统的K-means算法中初始点选取的新方案,对于K-means收敛计算时利用三角不等式,提出了加速收敛过程的改进方案.实验结果表明,改进后的新方法相对于传统K-means聚类所求的结果有较好的聚类划分.     

基于自适应布谷鸟搜索算法的K-means聚类算法及其应用

针对原始K-means聚类算法受初始聚类中心影响过大以及容易陷入局部最优的不足,提出一种基于改进布谷鸟搜索（CS）的K-means聚类算法（ACS-K-means）。其中,自适应CS（ACS）算法在标准CS算法的基础上引入步长自适应调整,以提高搜索精度和收敛速度。在UCI标准数据集上,ACS-K-means算法可得到比K-means、基于遗传算法的K-means（GA-K-means）、基于布谷鸟搜索的K-means（CS-K-means）和基于粒子群优化的K-means（PSO-K-means）算法更优的聚类质量和更高的收敛速度。将ACS-K-means聚类算法应用到南宁市青秀区“城管通”系统的城管案件热图的开发中,在地图上对案件地理坐标进行聚类并显示,应用结果表明,聚类效果良好,算法收敛速度快。     

蚁群聚类组合方法的研究

基于蚁群算法的聚类算法已经在当前的数据挖掘研究中得到应用。针对蚁群聚类算法早期出现的缺点,提出一种蚁群聚类组合方法使其得以改进。改进思路是引入K-means作为蚁群算法的预处理过程。通过K-means快速、粗略地确定聚类中心,利用K-means方法的结果作为初值,再进行蚁群算法聚类。有效地解决了蚁群算法早期收敛过慢等问题。     

基于改进模拟退火的优化K-means算法

针对K-means算法全局搜索能力的不足,提出了一种基于改进模拟退火的优化K-means(SA-KM)的聚类算法,该算法克服了K-means聚类算法对初始聚类中心选择敏感问题。为了提高SA-KM算法的聚类划分质量,提出了一种用于评价聚类结果的评价函数,该函数更为准确地反映类内距离和类间距离。仿真结果表明使用该算法在进行入侵检测时,能够检测出多种类型的入侵行为,能够保持较高的网络入侵检测率和较低网络入侵的误报率。     

基于熵的平衡子空间K-means算法

在许多数据挖掘的实际应用中要求每一个类别的实例数量相对平衡. 而独立子空间聚类的熵加权K-means算法(EWKM)会产生不均衡的划分, 聚类质量很差. 本文定义了一种兼顾平衡划分与特征分布的多目标熵, 然后应用该熵改进了EWKM算法的目标函数, 同利用迭代方法和交替方向乘子法设计其求解流程, 并提出基于熵的平衡子空间K-means算法(EBSKM). 最后, 在UCI、UCR等公开数据集进行聚类实验, 结果表明所提算法在准确率和平衡性方面都优于同类算法.     

类簇数目和初始中心点自确定的K-means算法

K-means算法是经典的基于划分的聚类算法。针对K-means算法的类簇数目难以确定、对初始聚类中心敏感的缺陷,提出了改进的K-means算法,重新定义了计算样本对象密度的方法,并且运用残差分析的方法从决策图中自动获取初始聚类中心和类簇数目。实验结果表明该算法可获得更好的聚类效果。     

改进的K-means网络入侵检测算法

针对K-means算法对于初始聚类中心选择敏感问题,提出了一种改进的K-means算法,该算法优化了聚类中心选择问题,能够获得全局最优的聚类划分,同时减少了算法的时间复杂度。实验结果表明,采用本文的算法进行网络入侵检测,相对于经典的聚类算法,能获得理想的网络入侵检测率和网络误报率。     

最大距离法选取初始簇中心的K-means文本聚类算法的研究

由于初始簇中心的随机选择, K-means算法在聚类时容易出现聚类结果局部最优、聚类结果不稳定、总迭代次数较多等问题。为了解决K-means算法所存在的以上问题, 提出了最大距离法选取初始簇中心的K-means文本聚类算法。该算法基于这样的事实：距离最远的样本点最不可能分到同一个簇中。为使该算法能应用于文本聚类, 构造了一种将文本相似度转换为文本距离的方法, 同时也重新构造了迭代中的簇中心计算公式和测度函数。在实例验证中, 对分属于五个类别的1 500篇文本组成的文本集进行了文本聚类分析, 其结果表明, 与原始的K-means聚类算法以及其他的两种改进的K-means聚类算法相比, 新提出的文本聚类算法在降低了聚类总耗时的同时, F度量值也有了明显提高。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate