共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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移动机器人同时定位和地图创建是实现移动机器人完全自主导航的关键.本文提出了一个通用的移动机器人同时定位与地图创建基本框架,接着对扩展卡尔曼滤波器算法进行了详细的分析,最后通过基于点特征和扩展卡尔曼滤波器的同时定位与地图创建仿真实验,验证了框架的可行性.目的是为开展同时定位与地图创建的研究提供一种可行的研究方案,以推动我国移动机器人技术的发展. 相似文献
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精准可靠的自定位是移动机器人实现多机协同、路径规划与控制决策等自主能力的基础。因此,室内服务机器人作为移动机器人的典型代表,要求能够实时进行自定位,并且有效地避开各种静态和动态障碍物。基于此,提出一种基于RGB-D相机的室内移动机器人自定位方法,该方法利用Hough变换对机器人建立的环境地图进行线特征提取,并建立环境模型误差查找表,将非结构化环境中的自定位问题转化为结构化环境中的自定位问题,然后利用匹配优化算法实现自定位。实验结果表明,采用所提出的方法,机器人能够实现室内环境下实时精确的自定位。 相似文献
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研究了室内自主移动机器人的即时定位与地图创建问题。分析了目前解决SLAM问题的方法,提出了基于扫描匹配预处理的即时定位与地图创建,用扫描匹配为SLAM提供机器人先验位姿信息。对实验结果和数据的分析,得出了所提出方法可进一步提高SLAM的精度和鲁棒性。 相似文献
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移动机器人基于激光测距和单目视觉的室内同时定位和地图构建 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
该文研究了部分结构化室内环境中自主移动机器人同时定位和地图构建问题.基于激光和视觉传感器模型的不同,加权最小二乘拟合方法和非局部最大抑制算法被分别用于提取二维水平环境特征和垂直物体边缘.为完成移动机器人在缺少先验地图支持的室内环境中的自主导航任务,该文提出了同时进行扩展卡尔曼滤波定位和构建具有不确定性描述的二维几何地图的具体方法.通过对于SmartROB-2移动机器人平台所获得的实验结果和数据的分析讨论,论证了所提出方法的有效性和实用性. 相似文献
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移动机器人在各种辅助任务中需具备自主定位、建图、路径规划与运动控制的能力。本文利用RGB-D信息和ORB-SLAM算法进行自主定位,结合点云数据和GMapping算法建立环境栅格地图,基于二次规划方法进行平滑可解析的路径规划,并设计非线性控制器,实现了由一个运动底盘、一个RGB-D传感器和一个运算平台组成的自主移动机器人系统。经实验验证,这一系统实现了复杂室内环境下的实时定位与建图、自主移动和障碍物规避。由此,为移动机器人的推广应用提供了一个硬件结构简单、性能良好、易扩展、经济性好、开发维护方便的解决方案。 相似文献
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An autonomous mobile robot must have the ability to navigate in an unknown environment. The simultaneous localization and
map building (SLAM) problem have relation to this autonomous ability. Vision sensors are attractive equipment for an autonomous
mobile robot because they are information-rich and rarely have restrictions on various applications. However, many vision
based SLAM methods using a general pin-hole camera suffer from variation in illumination and occlusion, because they mostly
extract corner points for the feature map. Moreover, due to the narrow field of view of the pin-hole camera, they are not
adequate for a high speed camera motion. To solve these problems, this paper presents a new SLAM method which uses vertical
lines extracted from an omni-directional camera image and horizontal lines from the range sensor data. Due to the large field
of view of the omni-directional camera, features remain in the image for enough time to estimate the pose of the robot and
the features more accurately. Furthermore, since the proposed SLAM does not use corner points but the lines as the features,
it reduces the effect of illumination and partial occlusion. Moreover, we use not only the lines at corners of wall but also
many other vertical lines at doors, columns and the information panels on the wall which cannot be extracted by a range sensor.
Finally, since we use the horizontal lines to estimate the positions of the vertical line features, we do not require any
camera calibration. Experimental work based on MORIS, our mobile robot test bed, moving at a human’s pace in the real indoor
environment verifies the efficacy of this approach. 相似文献
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Abdullah Zawawi Mohamed Sang Heon Lee Hung Yao Hsu Namrata Nath 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2012,17(2):233-240
The idea of placing small mobile robots to move around in a large building to detect potential intruders has been around for some time. However, there are still two major hurdles to overcome: to locate itself in the environment and to make a decision on how to move around safely and effectively at a reasonable computation cost. This paper describes a mathematical model for developing a scheme for an autonomous low cost mobile robot system using visual simultaneous localization and mapping and accelerated particle swarm intelligent path planner. The results indicated that this system could provide a solution for the problem of indoor mobile robot navigation. Advances in computer technology make this technique a cost effective solution for a future home service robot. 相似文献
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