Dense disparity estimation with a divide-and-conquer disparityspace image technique

A new divide-and-conquer technique for disparity estimation is proposed in this paper. This technique performs feature matching following the high confidence first principle, starting with the strongest feature point in the stereo pair of scanlines. Once the first matching pair is established, the ordering constraint in disparity estimation allows the original intra-scanline matching problem to be divided into two smaller subproblems. Each subproblem can then be solved recursively until there is no reliable feature point within the subintervals. This technique is very efficient for dense disparity map estimation for stereo images with rich features. For general scenes, this technique can be paired up with the disparity-space image (DSI) technique to compute dense disparity maps with integrated occlusion detection. In this approach, the divide-and-conquer part of the algorithm handles the matching of stronger features and the DSI-based technique handles the matching of pixels in between feature points and the detection of occlusions. An extension to the standard disparity-space technique is also presented to compliment the divide-and-conquer algorithm. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed divide-and-conquer DSI algorithm     

基于无人机双目图像的线目标测量的研究

利用无人机双目图像实现线目标的测量对输电线路巡检具有重要的意义。为提高无人机双目图像下线目标的测量精度,改进Census立体匹配算法,在代价聚合过程中,首先对聚合窗口中的初始匹配代价进行异常筛选,然后计算聚合代价值进而生成视差图,实验证明改进立体匹配算法,提高图像立体匹配精度,且平均误匹配率为5.79%;在线目标测量方面,针对线目标视差图存在的缺陷,提出一种基于目标识别的线目标视差图优化算法,该算法依据目标识别获取线目标视差图,然后根据四个原则进行优化处理,最后将优化后的线目标视差图用于测量,实验证明采用优化后的线目标视差图测量得到结果要优于直接采用视差图得到测量结果。     

基于模糊判别的立体匹配算法

立体视觉一直是计算机视觉领域所研究的一个中心问题,而立体匹配则是立体视觉技术中最关键也是最困难的部分,就得到适用于基于图象绘制技术中视图合成的准确、高密度视差图（Disparity Map）而言,现有的一些方法存在一定的局限性。考虑到立体匹配过程中存在的不确定性和模糊性,本文将已获得广泛应用的模糊理论引入立体匹配领域,提出了基于模糊判别的立体匹配算法,并用实际图象与合成图象进行了实验验证,结果表明该算法效果良好,具有实用价值。     

基于自适应聚合的立体视觉合作算法

提出了一种恢复高质量稠密视差图的立体视觉合作算法.该算法采用基于形态学相似性的自适应加权方法,迭代地进行局部邻域的自适应聚合和抑制放大,实现高效率和高质量稠密视差图计算.将该算法推广到三目摄像机立体匹配系统中,通过重建摄像机坐标系实现图像校正,并根据连续性假设和唯一性假设,建立视差空间中的支持关系和三目摄像机之间的抑制关系.实验结果表明,三目立体合作算法能够得到精确的场景视差映射,并可以实现多基线方向的遮挡检测.该算法特别适用于由多个廉价摄像机组成的立体视觉系统,在几乎不增加软件和硬件资源的情况下,就可以得到高质量的稠密视差图.     

Mutual information based registration of multimodal stereo videos for person tracking

Research presented in this paper deals with the systematic examination, development, and evaluation of a novel multimodal registration approach that can perform accurately and robustly for relatively close range surveillance applications. An analysis of multimodal image registration gives insight into the limitations of assumptions made in current approaches and motivates the methodology of the developed algorithm. Using calibrated stereo imagery, we employ maximization of mutual information in sliding correspondence windows that inform a disparity voting algorithm to demonstrate successful registration of objects in color and thermal imagery. Extensive evaluation of scenes with multiple objects at different depths and levels of occlusion shows high rates of successful registration. Ground truth experiments demonstrate the utility of the disparity voting techniques for multimodal registration by yielding qualitative and quantitative results that outperform approaches that do not consider occlusions. A basic framework for multimodal stereo tracking is investigated and promising experimental studies show the viability of using registration disparity estimates as a tracking feature.     

一种用于立体图像匹配的改进稀疏匹配算法

立体匹配有着广泛的应用前景,是计算机视觉领域的研究热点。立体匹配是立体视觉中最为关键和困难的一步,它的目标是计算标识匹配像素位置的视差图。文中提出的立体匹配算法基于置信传播（Belief Propagation,BP）。左图像首先经过非均匀采样,得到一个内容自适应的网格近似表示。算法的关键是使用基于置信传播的立体匹配算法,匹配稀疏的左图像和右图像得到稀疏视差图。通过左图像得到网格,稀疏视差图可以经过简单的插值得到稠密视差图。实验结果表明,该方法与现有稀疏立体匹配技术相比在视差图质量上平均有40％的提高。     

Dense Features for Semi-Dense Stereo Correspondence

We present a new feature based algorithm for stereo correspondence. Most of the previous feature based methods match sparse features like edge pixels, producing only sparse disparity maps. Our algorithm detects and matches dense features between the left and right images of a stereo pair, producing a semi-dense disparity map. Our dense feature is defined with respect to both images of a stereo pair, and it is computed during the stereo matching process, not a preprocessing step. In essence, a dense feature is a connected set of pixels in the left image and a corresponding set of pixels in the right image such that the intensity edges on the boundary of these sets are stronger than their matching error (which is the difference in intensities between corresponding boundary pixels). Our algorithm produces accurate semi-dense disparity maps, leaving featureless regions in the scene unmatched. It is robust, requires little parameter tuning, can handle brightnessdifferences between images, nonlinear errors, and is fast (linear complexity).     

Fast stereo matching using adaptive guided filtering

Dense disparity map is required by many great 3D applications. In this paper, a novel stereo matching algorithm is presented. The main contributions of this work are three-fold. Firstly, a new cost-volume filtering method is proposed. A novel concept named “two-level local adaptation” is introduced to guide the proposed filtering approach. Secondly, a novel post-processing method is proposed to handle both occlusions and textureless regions. Thirdly, a parallel algorithm is proposed to efficiently calculate an integral image on GPU, and it accelerates the whole cost-volume filtering process. The overall stereo matching algorithm generates the state-of-the-art results. At the time of submission, it ranks the 10th among about 152 algorithms on the Middlebury stereo evaluation benchmark, and takes the 1st place in all local methods. By implementing the entire algorithm on the NVIDIA Tesla C2050 GPU, it can achieve over 30 million disparity estimates per second (MDE/s).     

Real-time joint disparity and disparity flow estimation on programmable graphics hardware

Disparity flow depicts the 3D motion of a scene in the disparity space of a given view and can be considered as view-dependent scene flow. A novel algorithm is presented to compute disparity maps and disparity flow maps in an integrated process. Consequently, the disparity flow maps obtained helps to enforce the temporal consistency between disparity maps of adjacent frames. The disparity maps found also provides the spatial correspondence information that can be used to cross-validate disparity flow maps of different views. Two different optimization approaches are integrated in the presented algorithm for searching optimal disparity values and disparity flows. The local winner-take-all approach runs faster, whereas the global dynamic programming based approach produces better results. All major computations are performed in the image space of the given view, leading to an efficient implementation on programmable graphics hardware. Experimental results on captured stereo sequences demonstrate the algorithm’s capability of estimating both 3D depth and 3D motion in real-time. Quantitative performance evaluation using synthetic data with ground truth is also provided.     

一种室外非理想光照条件下的立体匹配算法

针对室外非理想光照条件和图像低纹理、低对比度造成立体匹配效果较差的问题,提出一种HSL(色相-饱和度-亮度)颜色空间下基于边缘图分割的立体匹配算法.区别于传统的RGB颜色空间下基于像素强度的度量方式,该算法采用一种HSL颜色空间下的像素非相似性度量公式来获得匹配代价,然后基于左右输入图像的边缘检测结果进行图像区域分割和立体匹配.在实验中采用一系列不同光照条件的图片集和具有明显低纹理区域的图片集,对本文算法与现有算法进行对比验证.实验结果证明,该算法能够得到比较理想的视差图,对非理想的光照条件和低纹理图像具有很好的鲁棒性,并且基本达到实时性要求.