基于粒子群优化算法的约束布局优化

布局优化是NP难问题，也是复杂的非线性约束优化问题．针对这个问题，将新的基于粒子群优化的方法应用于布局参数的优化，提出了适合粒子群优化的约束处理，并通过与直接搜索算法的混合，加强了算法在局部区域的搜索能力．通过实例将该算法与乘子法以及基于遗传算法的布局优化方法进行了比较．仿真结果表明，该算法可以提高布局优化问题解的质量，同时降低计算费用．     

改进PSO的飞机驾驶舱组合排序人机布局优化

飞机驾驶舱在人机布局优化过程中具有显著的特殊性和较高的复杂性,因而有必要采取合适的优化程序和优化方法以提高优化效率。利用组合排序方法,结合多目标优化问题的求解思路,建立了高度非线性的目标函数,为避免陷入局部最优,将粒子群算法首次引入飞机驾驶舱的三维布局分析中,并引用改进粒子群算法,提出了适合我国飞行员标准的人机布局优化新方法。由于待布物数量较多,基于Kendall’s W确定了待布物的大致组合排序;利用改进粒子群算法依次求得待布物的最优解,彼此协调后,获得了优化布局新方案,并与基本粒子群算法等现有典型优化算法的优化效果进行了对比;对布局方案进行了计算机仿真,利用JACK对优化方案和原方案进行了对比分析,验证了该优化方法在解决飞机驾驶舱人机布局优化问题的可行性和有效性。     

基于自适应粒子群算法的约束布局优化研究

二维带平衡及不干涉约束的圆集在圆容器内的布局优化问题（如卫星舱布局）在理论上属于带性能约束的布局优化M题，它是NP—hard问题的难点，由于它的复杂性，传统的粒子群优化算法难于求解．通过对传统的粒子群优化算法的多重改进，提出了一种自适应粒子群优化算法，该算法在整个搜索过程中，既能保持粒子群原有基本结构，同时又能扩大搜索范围，在提高多样性的同时保证搜索精度，从而加快了收敛速度，有效避免早熟收敛问题，得到最优解．将改进后的算法应用于约束布局问题，建立了此类问题的粒子群算法，通过3个算例的数值计算，验证了该算法的可行性和有效性．     

基于改进粒子群算法的数据线生产线仿真与优化

针对数据线生产线工艺生产过程中所产生的工序不平衡、存在瓶颈工位、产线布局混乱等问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群算法的闭环优化方法。首先,使用仿真软件分析Type-C数据线的生产工艺流程,从而获得其各工序的生产效率;其次,根据生产需求和工作时间得出工位数以及生产节拍,同时基于改进粒子群算法进行工序分配并与传统粒子群算法的优化结果进行比较分析;最后,利用工业工程优化方法对存在的瓶颈工位进行一定的优化。实验结果表明,该算法在此工序分配问题中的平衡效率为95.7%,产量为1 588件;与传统粒子群算法相比,改进粒子群算法在平衡效率和生产产量方面分别提高了8.9%和20%。由此可见该方法有助于生产企业在工序分配问题上有效地提高生产效率。     

基于粒子群优化的有约束模型预测控制器

研究了模型预测控制(MPC)中解决带约束的优化问题时所用到的优化算法,针对传统的二次规划(QP)方法的不足,引入了一种带有混沌初始化的粒子群优化算法(CPSO),将其应用到模型预测控制中,用十解决同时带有输入约束和状态约束的控制问题.最后,引入了一个实际的带有约束的线性离散系统的优化控制问题,分别用二次规划和粒子群优化两种算法去解决,通过仿真结果的比较,说明了基于粒子群优化(PSO)的模型预测控制算法的优越性.     

基于混沌粒子群优化的约束状态反馈预测控制算法

提出一种基于混沌粒子群优化的约束状态反馈预测控制算法,用于解决带有输入约束和状态约束的控制问题.将混沌粒子群优化引入到约束状态反馈预测控制的滚动优化过程中,增强了算法在约束范围内的局部搜索和全局搜索能力.通过对一个实际的带有约束的线性离散系统控制优化问题的解决,验证了基于混沌粒子群优化的状态反馈预测控制算法的可行性和有效性,与传统的二次规划算法的比较结果说明了此算法的优越性,证明了状态反馈预测控制系统良好的鲁棒性.     

混合粒子群算法在微电网经济优化运行的应用

微电网经济优化运行是一个连续的多约束优化问题,其不仅需要对同一时刻的不同微源作出优化,也要协调微源在不同时刻的出力来满足电力供给和负荷需求之间的约束.针对微电网经济优化运行问题,提出一种混合粒子群算法.该算法在随机权重平衡粒子群算法的基础上,引入了免疫机制,使初始粒子的位置较为均匀地分布在坐标平面内.而对于粒子的速度与方向,提出一个非线性权重以提升算法的寻优能力,并加入了次梯度寻优,加快了算法的收敛速度.通过该算法对微电网中可控微源的输出功率做出动态部署,引入微电网系统的市场机制可以有效调配各微源的输出功率,从而提升微电网运行的经济效益.通过对微电网孤岛和并网运行方式进行实例仿真,验证了该方法对微电网经济优化问题具有良好的经济优化作用.     

动态评价粒子群优化及风电场微观选址

提出了动态评价方法处理一类约束优化问题.将目标函数值和约束违反量进行动态归一化处理,再进行加权求和,动态评价解的优化性能.不仅解决了惩罚因子确定困难的问题,而且增加了优化算法的多样性,提高了优化算法搜索全局最优解的能力.将动态评价方法引入粒子群算法,求解风电场微观选址优化问题.仿真结果表明,动态评价方法提高了风电场发电量和风能利用效率.此外,该方法可广泛应用于其他优化算法以求解约束优化问题.     

最小约简问题的一个免疫离散粒子群算法

把求决策表最小属性约简问题归结为一个不含非线性约束的0-1组合优化问题,证明了两个问题之间最优解的等价性.针对问题的特性,对原有的二进制粒子群算法进行改进,引入基于决策表差别矩阵的疫苗接种机制以及k-精英保优策略,由此提出一个免疫二进制粒子群算法并用于求解转化后的组合优化问题.仿真计算结果表明该算法有效地提高了获得最小属性约简的可能性,同时还具有较快的收敛速度.与其它类型的最小属性约简算法相比较,该算法取得明显的改进效果.     

基于混沌变异的自适应双粒子群优化

针对粒子群优化在解决高维优化问题时收敛性差、搜索效率不高的问题,在对粒子群优化算法收敛性分析的基础上,提出了混沌变异对极值进行扰动的方法,以增强算法摆脱局部最优解的能力.采用自适应惯性权重和局部邻域搜索保持较高的局部搜索性能,并结合双粒子群协同进化的方法,综合平衡优化算法的全局搜索和局部搜索能力.通过对4个典型测试函数进行的对比实验,表明了所提出的算法能大大提高粒子群优化的搜索效率和收敛精度.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate