机械产品概念设计中的知识表示

研究了计算机辅助概念设计中的关键技术——知识表示．将行为域引入公理化设计作为功能域和载体域之间的转换桥梁，针对该域结构定义扩展“之”字映射，建立了不同层次功能、行为和载体之间的映射关系；构造了概念设计方案的知识表示模型——域结构模板；针对一类产品的知识表示模型——概念空间，给出了基于概念空间的概念设计方案生成过程．最后以工业平缝机为例对所述模型和方法加以说明。     

设计过程框架中的行为与功能映射模型的研究

产品状态空间由功能，行为、结构3部分组成，3个空间之间的映射结构形成设计过程的演化模型。文中集中研究了功能行为关系，利用模糊评述建立了功能与行为的映射模型；而功能与行为之间的复杂耦合关系一 直是分析的难点。对此，引入正交模型以解藉功能与行为关系，并构建公共组合行为变量，从中提取出行为特征，揭示功能与行为映射结构，最后，依据文中的数学模型以及分析方法，针对某机电产品-多功能综合实验台，分析产品功能与行为映射结构。     

基于知识模板的产品建模方法

为实现产品概念设计的创新,提出功能模板、行为模板和结构模板的概念,并利用三者之间的映射关系实现行为流产品建模.通过行为流建模的具体算法,在实现产品概念模型设计的同时生成该模型的行为路径.发动机模型的创建实例表明,该算法能实现产品概念模型设计的再创新.     

基于符号的机构概念运动模型

基于功能符号“三位一体”．陛提出了面向概念设计的机构运动模型表示方法；给出了功能语义蕴涵的运动变换约束和运动关系约束；通过功能符号形式化描述建立分层次的机构概念运动模型，实现对计算机辅助概念运动设计的支持．     

机械产品概念设计过程模型的形式化表达

应用数学描述方法，从理性的角度描述了机械产品概念设计过程模型(功能-行为-结构-环境约束)的各要素及其相互关系．提出了在产品任务书中析取功能信息的方法，建立了功能分解准则，利用优化算法创建了行为关系树与实现产品功能概念解的整个设计过程的形式化表达．最后，在布料系统的概念设计上验证了文中方法的有效性．     

公理化设计支持的概念设计产品模型

通过将行为域引入公理化设计作为功能域和载体域之间的转换桥梁，提出一种概念设计产品模型－－域结构模板；并基于数理逻辑的方法建立域结构模板的数学模型，以便于计算机的表达和操作；以高速平缝机为例，对域结构模板以及基于域结构模板的概念设计方案生成进行了说明。     

基于设计目录的计算机辅助概念设计系统

概念设计是设计中最重要的阶段之一,在概念设计阶段将完成从功能到功能原理解的映射过程,包含了设计中的大部分重要决策问题。在把用户需求转化为总功能后,要对总功能进行分解,直到不能分解为止,然后利用设计目录对子功能求解,获得相应的功能原理解,最后进行综合获得概念设计原理方案。本文在这个过程模型的基础上研究了面向计算机的概念设计模型、设计目录方法和概念设计过程模型,为计算机辅助概念设计提供了一套切实可行的方法。     

符号方案三维实体化的自动化方法研究

如何将创新设计过程中得到的符号方案生成直观的图形方案，是机械概念设计中的关键技术问题，通过对符号方案的邻接矩阵元素进行分析，得到机构的结构组成、构件连接关系等信息；运用符号方案的尺度矩阵确定各装配构件的二维几何尺度，在面向对象二次开发的环境下，基于三维参数化平台，实现构件的三维实体化；根据构件所处空间位置，按后台预置装配方法得到三维虚拟实体装配图。上述过程基于面向对象的环境，输入／读入概念设计得到符号方案后，系统自动地将符号方案生成三维虚拟实体方案。     

基于实例推理的产品概念设计模型研究

产品概念设计是设计过程中最具创造性的阶段。文中分析了产品概念设计过程的特点及其主要研究内容 ,介绍了基于实例推理的产品概念设计模型结构 ,对其关键技术进行了研究 ,提出了产品概念设计的实例表示、功能推理和方案评价模型。     

计算机辅助机械产品概念设计研究综述

产品设计是产品开发过程中最重要的环节之一,而概念设计又是产品设计中最关键的阶段之一。文中阐述了机械产品概念设计的研究目的、意义、特性和关键技术,在描述机械产品的信息分类的基础上,提出了一种概念设计模型。并从功能、行为、结构和形状等4个方面论述了计算机辅助概念设计国内外的研究概况,提出了实现计算机辅助概念形状设计对形状表达的要求,探讨了计算机辅助概念设计的发展方向。     

Computer support for mechatronic control system design

This paper discusses the demands for proper tools for computer aided control system design of mechatronic systems and identifies a number of tasks in this design process. Real mechatronic design, involving input from specialists from varying disciplines, requires that the system can be represented in multiple views. Several tools are already available but there are still substantial shortcomings. The paper gives indications about the developments needed to come to better design tools in the future. A specific example is worked out in more detail, i.e., automated performance assessment of mechatronic motion systems during the conceptual design stage.     

Automatic Virtual Entity Simulation of Conceptual Design Results—Part Ⅰ:Symbolic Scheme Generation and Identification

The development of new products of high quality,low unit cost,and short lead time to market are the key elements required for any enterprise to obtain a competitive advantage.For shorting the lead time to market and improving the creativity and performances of the product,a rule-based conceptual design approach and a methodology to simulate the conceptual design results generated in conceptual design process in automatical virtual entity form are presented in this paper.This part of paper presents a rule-based conceptual design method for generating creative conceptual design schemes of mechanisms based on Yan's kinematic chain regeneration creative design method.The design rules are adopted to describe the design requirements of the functional characteristics,the connection relationships and topological characteristics among mechanisms.Through the graphs-based reasoning process,the conceptual design space is expanded extremely,and the potential creative conceptual design results are then dug out.By refining the design rules,the solution exploration problem is avioded,and the tendentious conceptual design schemes are generated.Since mechanical,electrical and hydraulic subsystems can be transformed into general mechansims,the conceptual design method presented in this paper can also be applied in the conceptual design problem of complex mechatronic systems.And then the method to identify conceptual design schemes is given.     

多领域系统可视化建模仿真平台集成开发

目前,单一工程软件无法实现复杂机电产品设计过程中的多领域系统可视化建模和仿真,而多软件松散组合的协同工作方式存在各种制约,如设计过程自动化程度低、建模精度难以提高．提出并建立基于Modelica语言的、兼顾数学描述和模块化建模的多领域建模平台Vimola,通过COM、共享内存、CORBA等多种通信技术,实现了Vimola、开源Modelica语言编译仿真器、三维过程可视化商业软件VisualComponents三者之间的仿真数据共享和同步,使复杂机电产品多领域动态仿真结果二维、三维可视化．该研究是实现复杂机电产品多领域可视化建模、仿真数据可视化以及三维实体可视化等功能有机集成的有效尝试．     

A cooperative virtual prototyping system for mechatronic solution elements based assembly

In order to catch up with the steps of rapidly changing markets, the product development period of modern mechatronic products has to be as short as possible. However, mechatronic engineering is based on the interaction of mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, and computer science. Therefore, inefficient communication between the engineers who come from different domains becomes a manifest obstruction for accelerating the design of mechatronic products. Nevertheless, innovations in the field of virtual prototyping offer some potential solutions to this problem. In this paper, we present a cooperative virtual prototyping system, which utilizes the concept of solution elements and virtual reality techniques to facilitate assembling and analyzing virtual mechatronic prototypes in a multi-disciplinary workgroup.     

A co-modelling method for solving incompatibilities during co-design of mechatronic devices

The design process of mechatronic devices, which involves experts from different disciplines working together, has limited time and resource constraints. These experts normally have their own domain-specific designing methods and tools, which can lead to incompatibilities when one needs to work together using these those methods and tools. Having a proper framework which integrates different design tools is of interest, as such a framework can prevent incompatibilities between parts during the design process. In this paper, we propose our co-modelling methodology and co-simulation tools integration framework, which helps to maintain the domain specific properties of the model components during the co-design process of various mechatronic devices. To avoid expensive rework later in the design phase and even possible system failure, fault modelling and a layered structure with fault-tolerance mechanisms for the controller software are introduced. In the end, a practical mechatronic device is discussed to illustrate the methods and tools which are presented in this paper in details.     

Perspectives on hierarchical modeling in mechatronic design

Hierarchical modeling helps to describe product models and data from different viewpoints that, representing the different disciplines involved in the design process of mechatronic systems. This paper gives an overview of hierarchical modeling techniques. This includes the investigation of systems, which requires handling different issues that address very specific views of the system (system aspects) and come from various disciplines. Also the model granularity which describes the extent to which an object or model is broken down into smaller elements it an important aspect. The different phases of the product life cycle require models with different objectives and levels of detail. Some models are needed mainly in specific phases of the product life cycle, which are discussed in detail in the paper. Especially in the conceptual design phase some design-characteristic aspects such as hierarchy of parameters, modularity of the design should be analyzed, because in this phase the largest part of the later resulting product costs is predetermined or even fixed. As a consequence, the scope for design is limited to merely small changes in the subsequent design phases. Therefore the interaction between the design phases and the related models plays an important role the development process of mechatronic systems.     

数据驱动的产品概念设计知识服务模型构建

为了满足消费者的个性化需求,提高产品概念创新设计阶段的设计效率和水平,同时提升设计阶段的创新能力,构建了数据驱动的产品概念设计创新知识服务模型。该模型基于产品的评论数据和专利数据等,运用文本挖掘和聚类分析等技术,向产品的设计者提供相应的知识服务,进而对设计过程提供相应的辅助支撑。最后,用实例验证了该模型的有效性。     

A systematic decision making approach for product conceptual design based on fuzzy morphological matrix

Conceptual design plays an important role in development of new products and redesign of existing products. Morphological matrix is a popular tool for conceptual design. Although the morphological-matrix based conceptual design approaches are effective for generation of conceptual schemes, quantitative evaluation to each of the function solution principle is seldom considered, thus leading to the difficulty to identify the optimal conceptual design by combining these function solution principles. In addition, the uncertainties due to the subjective evaluations from engineers and customers in early design stage are not considered in these morphological-matrix based conceptual design approaches. To solve these problems, a systematic decision making approach is developed in this research for product conceptual design based on fuzzy morphological matrix to quantitatively evaluate function solution principles using knowledge and preferences of engineers and customers with subjective uncertainties. In this research, the morphological matrix is quantified by associating the properties of function solution principles with the information of customer preferences and product failures. Customer preferences for different function solution principles are obtained from multiple customers using fuzzy pairwise comparison (FPC). The fuzzy customer preference degree of each solution principle is then calculated by fuzzy logarithmic least square method (FLLSM). In addition, the product failure data are used to improve product reliability through fuzzy failure mode effects analysis (FMEA). Unlike the traditional FMEA, the causality relationships among failure modes of solution principles are analyzed to use failure information more effectively through constructing a directed failure causality relationship diagram (DFCRD). A fuzzy multi-objective optimization model is also developed to solve the conceptual design problem. The effectiveness of this new approach is demonstrated using a real-world application for conceptual design of a horizontal directional drilling machine (HDDM).     

基于草绘的机构识别及机构分析方法研究*

在概念设计阶段构造新型的支持创新过程的设计系统,对新产品的设计活动具有重要意义。在机械产品概念设计中将机构看成由图元构成的图形,提出一种面向概念设计的机构草图识别及分析方法,主要内容包括手绘草图输入及机构草图识别、机构方案运动分析。本文把手绘草图识别技术和机构运动相结合,通过对机构草图的识别以及机构的运动分析,实现在概念设计阶段对机构设计方案的评价分析。