Web文本分类及其阻塞减少策略

Web挖掘中,根据内容对Web文档进行分类是至关重要的一步.在Web文档分类中一种通常的方法是层次型分类方法,这种方法采用自顶向下的方式把文档分类到一个分类树的相应类别.然而,层次型分类方法在对文档进行分类时经常产生待分类的文档在分类树的上层分类器被错误地拒绝的现象(阻塞).针对这种现象,采用了以分类器为中心的阻塞因子去衡量阻塞的程度,并介绍了两种新的层次型分类方法,即基于降低阈值的方法和基于限制投票的方法,去改善Web文档分类中文档被错误阻塞的情况.     

超文本的集成分类算法研究

随着Internet技术的发展,万维网上的文档数目成指数级增长。在如此浩瀚的信息库中,用户很难找到自己所需要的信息,如何自动且高效地处理这些海量文档信息成为了目前重要的研究课题。文章通过对抽取到的数据集文档中的标题,超连接和标记等超文本信息,以及文档内容本身分别建立分类模型。然后根据神经网络集成各个分类模型得出判别结果,提出了一种基于元信息的超文本集成分类算法,该算法能更好的综合利用超文本的多元结构化信息。实验结果表明,相对于单独利用某种超文本结构信息进行分类的方法。基于元信息的超文本集成分类算法具有更好的分类性能。     

用Naive Bayes方法协调分类Web网页

WWW上的信息极大丰富,如何从巨量的信息中有效地发现有用的信息,是亟待解决的问题,而Web网页的正确分类正是其中的核心问题.针对超文本结构中的结构特征,提出了用NaiveBayes方法协调分别利用超文本页面中的文本信息和结构信息进行分类的方法.经实验验证,与只用单种方法对超文本进行分类的方法相比,综合分类法有效地提高了分类的正确率.     

Using cocitation information to estimate political orientation in web documents

This paper introduces a simple method for estimating cultural orientation, the affiliation of online entities in a polarized field of discourse. In particular, cocitation information is used to estimate the political orientation of hypertext documents. A type of cultural orientation, the political orientation of a document is the degree to which it participates in traditionally left- or right-wing beliefs. Estimating documents' political orientation is of interest for personalized information retrieval and recommender systems. In its application to politics, the method uses a simple probabilistic model to estimate the strength of association between a document and left- and right-wing communities. The model estimates the likelihood of cocitation between a document of interest and a small number of documents of known orientation. The model is tested on three sets of data, 695 partisan web documents, 162 political weblogs, and 198 nonpartisan documents. Accuracy above 90% is obtained from the cocitation model, outperforming lexically based classifiers at statistically significant levels.     

Relational Learning with Statistical Predicate Invention: Better Models for Hypertext

We present a new approach to learning hypertext classifiers that combines a statistical text-learning method with a relational rule learner. This approach is well suited to learning in hypertext domains because its statistical component allows it to characterize text in terms of word frequencies, whereas its relational component is able to describe how neighboring documents are related to each other by hyperlinks that connect them. We evaluate our approach by applying it to tasks that involve learning definitions for (i) classes of pages, (ii) particular relations that exist between pairs of pages, and (iii) locating a particular class of information in the internal structure of pages. Our experiments demonstrate that this new approach is able to learn more accurate classifiers than either of its constituent methods alone.     

Linear models for cost‐sensitive classification

In this paper, we investigate the performance of statistical, mathematical programming and heuristic linear models for cost‐sensitive classification. In particular, we use five cost‐sensitive techniques including Fisher's discriminant analysis (DA), asymmetric misclassification cost mixed integer programming (AMC‐MIP), cost‐sensitive support vector machine (CS‐SVM), a hybrid support vector machine and mixed integer programming (SVMIP) and heuristic cost‐sensitive genetic algorithm (CGA) techniques. Using simulated datasets of varying group overlaps, data distributions and class biases, and real‐world datasets from financial and medical domains, we compare the performances of our five techniques based on overall holdout sample misclassification cost. The results of our experiments on simulated datasets indicate that when group overlap is low and data distribution is exponential, DA appears to provide superior performance. For all other situations with simulated datasets, CS‐SVM provides superior performance. In case of real‐world datasets from financial domain, CGA and AMC‐MIP hold a slight edge over the two SVM‐based classifiers. However, for medical domains with mixed continuous and discrete attributes, SVM classifiers perform better than heuristic (CGA) and AMC‐MIP classifiers. The SVMIP model is the most computationally inefficient model and poor performing model.     

A sentiment classification model based on multiple classifiers

With the widespread usage of social networks, forums and blogs, customer reviews emerged as a critical factor for the customers’ purchase decisions. Since the beginning of 2000s, researchers started to focus on these reviews to automatically categorize them into polarity levels such as positive, negative, and neutral. This research problem is known as sentiment classification. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential benefit of multiple classifier systems concept on Turkish sentiment classification problem and propose a novel classification technique. Vote algorithm has been used in conjunction with three classifiers, namely Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Bagging. Parameters of the SVM have been optimized when it was used as an individual classifier. Experimental results showed that multiple classifier systems increase the performance of individual classifiers on Turkish sentiment classification datasets and meta classifiers contribute to the power of these multiple classifier systems. The proposed approach achieved better performance than Naive Bayes, which was reported the best individual classifier for these datasets, and Support Vector Machines. Multiple classifier systems (MCS) is a good approach for sentiment classification, and parameter optimization of individual classifiers must be taken into account while developing MCS-based prediction systems.     

一种启发式多标记分类器选择与排序策略

在多标记分类问题当中,多标记分类器的目的是为实例预测一个与其关联的标记集合。典型方法之一是将多标记分类问题转化为多个二类分类问题,这些二类分类器之间可以存在一定的关系。简单地考虑标记间依赖关系可以在一定程度上改善分类性能,但同时计算复杂度也是必须考虑的问题。该文提出了一种利用多标记间依赖关系的有序分类器集合算法,该算法通过启发式的搜索策略寻找分类器之间的某种次序,这种次序可以更好地反映标记间的依赖关系。在实验中,该文选取了来自不同领域的数据集和多个评价指标,实验结果表明该文所提出的算法比一般多标记分类算法具有更好的分类性能。     

A coevolutionary algorithm for rules discovery in data mining

One of the major challenges in data mining is the extraction of comprehensible knowledge from recorded data. In this paper, a coevolutionary-based classification technique, namely COevolutionary Rule Extractor (CORE), is proposed to discover classification rules in data mining. Unlike existing approaches where candidate rules and rule sets are evolved at different stages in the classification process, the proposed CORE coevolves rules and rule sets concurrently in two cooperative populations to confine the search space and to produce good rule sets that are comprehensive. The proposed coevolutionary classification technique is extensively validated upon seven datasets obtained from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository, which are representative artificial and real-world data from various domains. Comparison results show that the proposed CORE produces comprehensive and good classification rules for most datasets, which are competitive as compared with existing classifiers in literature. Simulation results obtained from box plots also unveil that CORE is relatively robust and invariant to random partition of datasets.     

基于向量空间模型的网页特征权重计算改进

采用经典的向量空间模型对网页文本进行分类。由于传统特征项权重计算公式TFIDF在网页关键词计算和关键词类间区分度不高等问题的存在,本文将网页结构分成两个部分,含有标题、元数据、链接锚文件等的关键词部分和网页的正文部分,对关键词部分的权重进行了加强,而对网页正文部分采用改进的IDF进行计算,使关键词在类的区分度的效果上得到一定程度的提升,试验证明该方法是可行的。