单神经元自抗扰控制技术在汽包水位系统中的应用

针对自抗扰控制器(ADRC)在锅炉汽包水位控制系统中整定参数较多且不易整定的不足,提出了单神经元自抗扰控制(SNADRC)技术方案。自抗扰控制器是一种新型的非线性控制器,对模型精度要求不高,且具有优良的鲁棒性能和较好的控制品质。单神经元具备良好的自学习、自整定能力,以及结构简单、算法收敛快、适应能力强的特性。该方案采用单神经元控制模块,改进了自抗扰控制器的非线状态误差反馈(NLSEF)模块,不仅降低了参数整定的数目,且具有较强的自我调节和自我学习的能力,实现了参数的在线自整定。对传统PID锅炉汽包水位控制系统与单神经元自抗扰锅炉汽包水位控制系统的控制性能进行了比较。仿真结果表明,单神经元自抗扰控制系统超调量更低,抗干扰能力更强。该控制器具有优良的应用前景。     

用MATLAB仿真分析自抗扰控制器的整定参数

自抗扰控制器在实际使用时有多个需要整定的参数,由于控制器参数多,又无法确定参数作用方向,因此参数整定困难,为实际使用自抗扰控制器带来不便。本文利用MATLAB软件仿真分析控制器及参数,寻求参数整定规律,简化整定过程,对实际应用自抗扰控制器具有较大的意义。     

服务机器人自抗扰控制器参数整定优化技术研究

针对服务机器人自抗扰控制器多个参数的整定,主要采用经验试法或某种优化算法进行整定,存在参数整定过程困难、整定结果陷入局部最优等问题,为了解决这些问题,提出了一种基于人工免疫遗传算法优化的服务机器人自抗扰控制器参数整定技术方法。该方法主要充分融合了人工免疫和遗传算法各自的优点,解决了单种智能优化算法出现的“早熟”问题,使得自抗扰控制器参数整定实现最优解;最后搭建仿真平台进行了实验,实验结果表明了该方法提高了自抗扰控制器控制精度、稳定性和鲁棒性,有效验证了提出方法的有效性。     

基于粒子群算法的自抗扰控制器参数优化

针对于自抗扰控制器中参数难以整定的问题,提出了基于粒子群优化算法的参数优化设计方法。该设计方法的实质就是选择合适的适应度函数,利用粒子群优化方法对自抗扰控制器的可调参数进行优化。该设计方法运算简单易于实现。对于实现自抗扰控制算法的快速调参具有重要意义。     

基于改进粒子群算法的四旋翼自抗扰控制器优化设计

针对四旋翼飞行器自抗扰控制器参数较多,人工整定困难且难以得到最优控制效果的问题,提出一种基于改进粒子群算法的四旋翼自抗扰控制器优化方法。在设计了四旋翼飞行器的自抗扰控制器之后,将自抗扰控制器的参数作为粒子群中的粒子进行迭代寻优,同时在传统的粒子群算法基础上,参考遗传算法,对适应值不好的粒子进行交叉保优,以提高粒子的多样性,加快寻优速度。仿真结果表明,对比人工整定参数的控制器,优化后的控制器超调更小,调节时间更快。该方法能够解决四旋翼飞行器自抗扰控制器人工参数整定困难的问题,且优化后的控制器具有更好的控制效果。     

基于双种群混沌鲸鱼算法的自抗扰控制器参数整定

非线性自抗扰控制器具有多个耦合参数且依靠传统的经验整定法难以整定,以至于对控制器的精度和抗扰动能力造成一定影响。针对此问题,提出一种双种群混沌鲸鱼算法对控制器参数进行在线整定。针对传统鲸鱼算法易陷入局部最优以及在迭代后期出现寻优缓慢的现象,提出一种混沌策略和双种群协同机制对算法进行改进。以机械臂作为被控对象进行仿真验证,结果表明优化后的自抗扰控制器具有更好的控制精度和良好的抗扰动能力。改进后的鲸鱼优化算法可以用于非线性自抗扰控制器参数整定。     

带扰动观测器的模糊自整定调节系统研究

针对双容液面调节系统的非线性、参数时变的特点,基于现代控制理论设计了带扰动观测器的模糊自整定控制器。该方案既实现了PID控制器参数的在线自整定,又增强了系统的抗扰能力。仿真试验表明,该方案极大地提高了被控对象的静态和动态性能,对参数时变的适应能力强、鲁棒性好。     

基于自适应免疫整定的机器人无标定自抗扰视觉伺服控制

研究了机器人无标定自抗扰视觉伺服控制问题. 针对系统中所用的自抗扰控制器参数选取困难问题, 提出了基于自适应免疫算法的自抗扰控制器参数整定方法. 证明了系统中所用的非线性离散二阶扩张状态观测器稳定的充要条件, 并将该条件应用在参数整定过程中. 6 自由度工业机器人的实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

精馏塔气温串级变结构自抗扰控制

自抗扰控制器需要整定的参数较多,且不易整定的特点,设计出一种串级变结构自抗扰控制器(ADRC-PI),并成功应用于精馏塔提馏段汽温控制系统。仿真结果表明,串级变结构自抗扰控制器在保证原自抗扰控制器优点的同时减少了可调参数,并改善了系统的控制效果。     

基于QDRNN-ADRC的重力稳定平台控制研究

针对稳定平台系统存在系统模型不够精确或者参数变化,或者外部干扰未知等现象,以及采用自抗扰控制器存在参数众多且难以整理的问题,提出了一种基于准对角递归神经网络—自抗扰控制器(QDRNN—ADRC)的重力稳定平台控制算法.通过自抗扰控制器对系统的"总扰动"进行估计并补偿,同时引入神经网络的辨识功能对自抗扰控制器部分参数进行在线整定,基于自抗扰控制技术核心架构设计了QDRNN—ADRC.仿真结果表明:有效解决了重力稳定平台利用神经网络的辨识功能对自抗扰控制器部分参数进行在线整定外扰动的干扰以及参数自适应整定问题,相对于传统控制方法,其在稳定精度、快速性及抗干扰性方面均具有一定优势.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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