基于双模定位的荒野遇险人员报警终端的设计

为了解决没有移动网络信号覆盖地区的荒野工作人员遇险救援不便的问题,设计了一种基于GPS（Global Position System）/北斗卫星导航系统的野外遇险人员报警定位终端。该报警定位终端以ARM（Acorn RSIC Machine）Cortex-M4为控制核心,搭配两种不同颜色的LED报警闪烁灯和液晶显示屏幕,并在报警终端上设计了功率放大器电路,工作时报警终端上的GPS/北斗双模芯片精确定位人员位置信息,采用LoRa（Long Range）无线传输模块将荒野工作人员的安全信息发送至附近的固定基站或者基站车上,其一旦接收到报警信息,便可迅速作出响应,及时对遇险人员进行救援。同时,在基站上使用不同增益的接收天线,或者改变LoRa无线传输模块的空中速率,可以使荒野工作人员的报警信息传输距离变的更远。实验结果表明,该报警终端具有实用性强、定位精度高、便于携带、工作稳定可靠,传输距离长等优点。     

基于WiFi的煤矿井下智能终端设计

针对现有智能终端灵活性差、功能较单一等缺点,提出了一种基于WiFi的煤矿井下智能终端设计方案,详细介绍了该终端的硬件与软件设计。该终端集环境信息采集、人员定位和信息交互功能于一体,利用采集的井下环境温度、瓦斯体积分数等实现对井下环境信息和人员信息的实时感知;通过获得AP的RSSI反馈给监控中心进行井下人员定位;矿工通过人机交互界面查看监控中心发送的调度信息、救援信息或者发送报警信息到监控中心。该终端功耗低、实时性高、灵活性强,具有良好的应用前景。     

海上应急定位呼救智能装置设计

为了解决海上应急搜救精准定位困难、响应速度慢的关键技术难题,以及降低产品的整体功耗,延长终端设备的使用时间,文中设计一种海上应急定位呼救智能装置。通过研究海上应急定位呼救智能装置关键技术,借助北斗卫星定位导航实现精准定位和远程呼救;通过自主研发的物联网LoRa组网降频技术、定位模块低功耗模式运行等技术降低设备的整体功耗,确保海上应急救援过程中长时间、准确发送人员位置信息。实验结果表明,该设计实现了传统海上被动搜救技术向北斗卫星应用技术、物联网智能感知技术、物联网区域组网技术融合的转变,助推人工智能、物联网和北斗产业的融合,用主动发送精准定位给报警中心替代被动定位等待救援,从而提高了海洋搜救效率,保障人民生命财产安全。     

基于CSS通讯的隧道施工人员定位系统

系统主要应用于隧道施工时对施工人员进行定位,考勤和安全管理.系统采用有线网络和CSS通讯技术相结合的定位方法,能够适时、准确地将隧道各个区域人员情况动态反映到地面监控系统,管理人员能够掌握隧道人员的总数及分布情况,便于更加合理的调度管理.同时准确记录每个人员的活动时间,并统计生成各种报表,实现全自动化考勤,提高了生产管理效率.监控室与隧道内人员可以通过收发短消息进行及时沟通.一旦发生事故,救援人员可以根据本系统所提供的信息,了解遇险人员的位置情况,从而及时采取相应的救援措施,提高应急救援工作的效率.     

基于VB6.0的无线瓦斯监测系统的软件设计

针对煤矿监控系统采用有线通信方式无法实现信息灵活采集的问题,构建了基于VB6.0的无线瓦斯监测系统,主要介绍了基于VB6.0的无线瓦斯监测系统软件的设计。该软件通过CAN总线网络接收数据采集终端发送的瓦斯数据信息,根据数据帧内容确定作业地点、作业人员、瓦斯浓度,并将数据存储在SQL Server 2000数据库中,从而实现了瓦斯浓度超限报警、实时数据显示、人员定位信息查询等功能。     

飞行员位置信息监控系统设计

为提高对遇险飞行员救生的能力,设计了一种飞行员位置信息监控系统。在飞行员遇险后,系统首先利用北斗导航技术定位飞行员的位置,然后通过北斗短信息和GPRS网络通信技术将信息传至指挥控制中心。系统通过提供准确的定位信息提高了救援工作的效率,并可在救援力量与遇险飞行员之间实时双向通信。     

物联网技术在水下作业监控及救援中的应用

研究水下作业监控及救援问题。针对传统的水下作业监测系统中的终端节点不便携带,网络部署和维护成本高,难以自适应采集监控区域内各种水下作业数据和实时预警并实施水下救援等问题,分布式多传感异步网络提出了一种实时水下作业监测及应急救援的物联网技术。以监测分簇为单位构建异步通信网络,部署不同类型的传感器终端节点如温度、湿度、噪声传感器等,基于分布式传输技术针对不同性质的水下作业采集各种类型的水下作业环境和人员定位数据,同时根据监测数据对水下作业人员建立危险预警机制。仿真结果和分析表明,物联网技术对各种类型水下作业实施监测及实现远程数据判读,具有高可靠性的实时预警,并有效地增强了监控网络的生存周期。     

基于GPS/GIS/GSM的多功能报警系统设计

报警系统由移动终端和监控中心两部分组成。移动终端以SPCE061A单片机为核心,外扩了嵌入式语音识别应答模块、GSM模块、传感器模块等功能模块,使系统的报警或求助信号可以由多种方式产生,以适应不同的工作场合。多传感器信息融合技术的采用,保证了安防信息处理的快速性和正确性。移动终端将GPS接收机接收的定位信息与报警类型数据重新组合,以短信息的方式通过GSM网络发送给监控中心。监控中心从短信息中提取GPS定位信息和报警信息,定位信息与GIS系统构建的电子地图进行地图匹配,实现对移动终端的定位;同时根据报警信息查询数据库,显示该终端用户的资料及报警原因。     

国家交通部建设全球卫星搜救系统 再度垂青艾讯科技（AXIOMTEK）

随着人们经济活动越来越频繁，遇险时如何才能得到及时救助成为许多人关心的问题。由于全球卫星搜救系统可以实现海、陆、空监控和搜救工作，为遇险定位和及时搜救起到极大的协助作用。无论是船舶、飞机或个人，遇险时可向系统发出救助信息，迅速实现遇险报警定位和用户身份登记信息查询服务，准确可靠地将信息传递给有关部门，将使遇险者得到及时有效的帮助。     

多种通信手段在遇险救生体系中的应用研究

我国海域辽阔,各类船只的水上航行和作业安全密切关系到生命和财产的安全,需要可靠保障;由于海上险情发生的随机性和突发性,岸上险情监视力量必须全时、全天候地开设险情通信通道,接收海上遇险对象的遇险呼救信号并及时对遇险信息进行处理;因此,岸基必须建设遇险救生信息系统并规定必要的信息传输流程,保障险情报知通信的顺利完成;文章简要分析了目前海上救生的通信现状,对常用通信手段进行了分析与介绍,并提出了一种整合各通信手段的设计方法,实现了多种通信手段的综合使用以及统一调度,大幅提升险情信息的传输和处理效率,提高险情信息的保密性,为救援工作提供了精确可靠的问责手段。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate