多目标差分进化在热连轧负荷分配中的应用

提出一种基于差分进化算法的多目标进化算法, 该算法个体的选择是通过非支配排序和拥挤度距离进行综合考虑. 保证了算法收敛到Pareto最优解集的同时, 提高了最优解个体分布的多样性. 通过与非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(NSGA Ⅱ)算法进行仿真对比, 结果显示基于拥挤度排序的多目标差分进化算法在收敛性和Pareto最优解集分布的多样性上均优于NSGA Ⅱ算法. 最后将其引入到热连轧负荷分配优化计算中, 给出了目标函数的表达方式, 对多目标进化算法在热连轧负荷分配计算中的应用进行了研究.     

利用种群扩张与稀疏化策略改进NSGA-II-DE算法

NSGA-II-DE算法是在NSGA-II算法的基础上利用DE算法的收敛速度快、鲁棒性高的特性得到的改进算法,该算法提高了原算法的收敛速度,同时也降低了原算法对参数的依赖性.然而,原算法的解群分布性却没有得到提高.鉴于此,提出一种基于种群扩张与稀疏化策略的改进型NSGA-II-DE算法.该算法利用种群扩张增加候选解的数量,再利用稀疏化策略从候选解中选出使得整体分布尽可能均匀的最优解.种群扩张通过在进化最后的若干代保留每代中的第一非支配面上的个体来实现.在迭代结束后,对种群进行非支配排序,去除第一非支配面以外的个体,以提高解群质量.进行稀疏化处理,即对扩张后的全部个体按目标向量的某一维度排序,再筛选出相邻间距最接近期望距离的个体,以达到改善解群分布性的目的.仿真实验表明,所提出的算法在改善原算法的解群分布性上表现优异,但算法的时间和空间复杂度较原算法有所增加.     

基于角度邻域的多目标差分进化算法

针对如何实现差分进化算法求解多目标优化问题,提出了一种基于角度邻域的多目标差分进化算法,通过在选择操作中引入弱支配概念,实现了对多目标优化问题的求解.该算法通过计算目标空间中个体与权重向量的夹角来确定每个个体的邻域,并在此基础上引入了基于角度邻域的变异策略,使个体的变异在邻域内进行,保证进化方向.此外,该算法创建了一个外部存档用来保存进化过程中的非支配解,并定期对外部存档进行维护,大大改善了解集的分布性.大量的数值仿真实验结果表明通过角度确定邻域的方法比通过欧氏距离确定邻域的方法更加有效,算法所得解集的收敛性和分布性也均明显优于基于分解的差分多目标进化算法(multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and differential evolution,MOEA/D–DE)和非支配排序算法Ⅱ(nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II,NSGA).     

基于邻域差分和协方差信息的单目标进化算法

复杂的单目标优化问题是进化计算领域的一个研究热点问题.已有差分进化和协方差进化被认为是处理该问题的较有效的方法,其中差分信息类似于梯度可以有效的指导算法朝着最优解方向搜索,而协方差则是基于统计的方式来生成较优的子代种群.本文引入了协方差信息对差分算子进行改进,提出了一种基于邻域差分和协方差信息的进化算法（DEA/NC）来处理复杂的单目标优化问题.算法对现有差分算子中通常采用的随机选点或结合当前最优解进行差分的方式进行了分析,当随机选择的差分个体间的差异较大时,差分信息不能作为一种局部的梯度信息来指导算法的搜索;而结合最优解的差分信息又会使得种群朝着当前最优解的方向搜索,导致种群快速的陷入局部最优.基于此,本文采用了邻域差分的方式来提高差分算子的有效性,同时避免种群的多样性丢失.另外,引入了协方差来度量个体变量间的相关度,并利用相关度来优化差分算子.最后,算法对cec2014中的单目标优化问题进行了测试,并将实验结果与已有的较好的差分进化算法进行了比较,实验结果表明了本算法的有效性.     

混合整数非线性规划问题的改进差分进化算法*

提出一种改进差分进化算法求解混合整数非线性规划问题。该算法利用同态映射方法,解决差分进化算法无法直接处理整数决策变量问题;提出改进的自适应交替变异算子,提高算法的搜索性能;提出一种自适应保留不可行解的方法处理约束条件,并对差分进化算法的选择算子进行改进,提出一种直接处理约束条件的新选择算子。六个常用的混合整数非线性规划问题的实验结果表明了该方法的有效性和适用性。     

一种基于相似个体的多目标进化算法

分布性保持是多目标进化算法研究的一个重要方面,一个好的分布性能给决策者提供更多合理有效的选择。Pareto最优解的分布性主要体现在分布广度与均匀性两个方面。提出一种基于相似个体的多目标进化算法(SMOEA)。在种群维护中删除相似程度最大的个体;在进化操作中,选取了相似程度最大的个体进行进化。与目前经典算法NSGA-II和ε-MOEA进行比较,结果表明新算法拥有良好的分布性,同时也较好的改善了收敛性。     

混合变异克隆选择多目标优化算法

研究多目标优化问题,针对提高算法的快速性,提出一种混合变异克隆选择多目标优化算法.进化在三个抗体群中进行,不同的抗体群采用不同的变异算子,并通过外部记忆抗体群的更新,来保留进化的最优抗体,避免算法进化后期出现退化现象.算法采用的三种变异算子:高频大尺度高斯变异算子带有振荡性质,能够对Pareto最优解区域进行勘探,单基因小尺度衰减的高斯变异算子能够使优化结果逼近Pareto最优解,均匀变异算子使算法具有局部逃逸能力,能够保证解的多样性.将算法和经典的NSGA -Ⅱ、ε- MOEA算法以及单一变异的多目标克隆选择算法(MCSA)进行性能比较,结果证明新算法具有较好的快速搜索性能和鲁棒性.     

阶段波动差分进化算法及函数优化

差分进化算法被认为是一种简单高效的全局优化算法,但其在解决高维复杂优化问题收敛精度过低,为此提出了阶段波动差分进化算法.新算法利用柯西分布随机数设计用于生成变异率的算子,并对变异率进行上下波动.进化过程中引入分段思想,每个阶段分别根据不同的配置利用算子生成变异率并选择对应的交叉比率改善算法性能.同时为了加快收敛速度,设计了一种新的变异处理策略.通过对一组经典Benchmark函数的测试,实验结果显示了本文算法在解决复杂高维问题时具有优于或相当于其他DE算法的性能.     

基于支配强度的NSGA2改进算法

NSGA2是一种简单、高效且被广泛使用的多目标进化算法(Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm,MoEA),但在求解实际工程领域中的高维、复杂非线性多目标优化问题(Multi-objective Optimization Problems,MOP)时,存在无法有效识别伪非支配解、计算效率低、解集收敛性和分布性较差等设计缺陷。对此,文中提出一种基于支配强度的NSGA2改进算法(INSGA2-DS)。新算法采用快速支配强度排序法构造非支配集,引入了考虑方差的拥挤距离公式,并通过自适应精英保留策略动态调整精英保留规模。基于标准测试函数的仿真实验表明,INSGA2-DS算法较好地改善了NSGA2算法的收敛性和分布性。     

基于双重贡献分配的多目标混合算子进化算法

针对多目标混合算子进化算法中各算子有效选择的自适应问题,提出一种基于双重贡献分配的多目标混合算子进化算法(DCA-MOEA/D).首先,将两种现有的进化算子与两种基于方向引导的差分进化组成算子池,每代个体以轮盘赌的方式从中选择一种进化算子产生子代;然后,根据子代的表现,结合两种方法为各算子分配贡献值,从而确定算子的选择概率;接着,引入外部归档集,根据非支配关系与拥挤度策略对其进行维护;最后,将整个进化过程划分为5个阶段,以达到算子选择中“探索”与“探究”之间的平衡.以IGD与HV为性能评价指标,通过与其他4种多目标进化算法在23个测试函数上的对比,验证所提出算法在收敛性和分布性上的显著优势.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate