一种UML序列图到层次状态图合成方法

UML序列图和状态图从不同侧面简洁、明了地描述了系统的动态行为.层次性状态图有利于提高系统对象的可理解性和可读性.本文提出了一种自动的、递增的多个UML序列图到层次性状态图的合成方法,并集成在Rose工具中.     

基于UML状态图的测试技术研究

UML统一建模语言已经广泛应用于软件开发中,基于UML图的测试技术最近成为了一个研究的热点,其中对UML状态图的测试有着广泛应用前景。UML状态图是传统状态图的变体,增加了层次、并发、广播。所以UML状态图的测试方法建立在对传统状态机的测试方法的基础上,对层次、并发、广播的处理或转换。本文介绍了基于UML状态图的测试方法和测试工具的研究进展,最后讨论了未来可以研究的方向。     

逆向工程中的UML序列图抽象技术

研究了逆向工程中序列图的抽象问题。以逆向工程分析工具RER的开发为背影,针对其逆向生成的进程间交互序列图和进程内部交互序列图,引入并实现了面向交互的抽象、面向类的抽象、面向进程模块的抽象和面向模式的抽象四种序列图抽象方法。同时,使用Rational Rose的扩展机制,将以上功能无缝嵌入到Rose开发环境中。从而使逆向工程分析工具RER具备了在可视环境下,以不同抽象层次、不同侧面观察和分析序列图的功能。     

基于UML状态图的测试技术研究

统一建模语言UML具有定义良好、易于表达、功能强大的特点,同时还提供了非常强大的图例模型.目前,UML统一建模语言已经广泛应用于软件开发之中,而基于UML状态图的测试技术研究,目的就是为了能够有效地发现软件中存在的缺陷和故障,保证相应软件质量.讨论分析了基于UML状态图的测试用例生成技术,提出一种基于UML状态图的测试用例生成方法,生成较少但有效的测试用例,便于实现自动化测试,并介绍了基于状态图的测试覆盖标准,最后讨论了未来可以研究的方向.     

带时间约束的UML序列图的分析工具

统一建模语言(UML)是一种多用途的可视化建模语言,它可用于软件系统的规约、可视化的构造和建档.UML序列图描述了交互对象间的协作,如在实时和分布式系统中通讯实体间的信息交互.与其它的规约和设计过程类似,UML序列图的规约也易出错,所以对它进行分析是很有必要的.文章描述了一个对带时间约束的UML序列图进行分析的工具.     

基于状态图的对象行为建模

状态图（State Chart）是对对象的行为的一种描述的方法,并是UML（Unified Modeling Language）可视化建模的一部分。文中分析了状态图建模的规则,以及如何用状态图对对象的行为进行建模的方法。     

基于UML状态图的软件测试充分性准则研究

文中详细讨论了一组基于UML状态图的软件测试充分性准则。在软件测试时,还没有测试充分性准则明确定义循环应该被执行多少次,而循环只被执行一次是很不充分的。针对这种情况,在现有测试准则的基础上提出了两种扩展的基于UML状态图测试的充分性准则：ZOT-R循环覆盖准则和全ZOT-R路径覆盖准则,丰富并完善了现有的测试准则体系。并且通过结合一个具体实例给出了这些覆盖准则在具体测试实践中的应用方法,探讨了这些覆盖准则之间的包含关系。     

基于Petri网的UML形式化建模应用分析

UML是功能强大的图形化建模语言,但存在缺乏精确的语义描述的特点,因此UML形式化研究一直是一个热点。Petri网既有直观的图形表示,又有坚实的数学基础,拥有许多成熟的分析方法可以直接用于分析模型的性能。结合一个图录编纂应用系统,使用基于Petri网的建模方法,对该系统的UML状态图和序列图进行了形式化分析。排除UML模型中的缺陷,在软件设计阶段发现错误,降低软件开发的花销,最终达到提高了软件的质量的目的。     

选择序列图创建UML动态模型

讲解选择序列图创建动态模型的理由以及生成序列图的流程,以创新基金管理信息系统用户登录、录入票据和检索票据为例,给出了使用UML创建序列图的步骤和方法。     

扩展UML状态图在软件测试中的应用

在可测试性方面,UML状态图模型存在不完整性和二义性及结构复杂不便于状态分析等缺陷。该文讨论了基于扩展UML状态图模型的测试用例生成技术,分析了基于扩展UML状态图模型的测试用例生成技术。针对UML状态图的不完整性和二义性进行扩展,以提高其可测试性。     

Simulation-based analysis of UML statechart diagrams: methods and case studies

We present a comprehensive unified modeling language (UML) statechart diagram analysis framework. This framework allows one to progressively perform different analysis operations to analyze UML statechart diagrams at different levels of model complexity. The analysis operations supported by the framework are based on analyzing Petri net models converted from UML statechart diagrams using a previously proposed transformation approach. After introducing the general framework, the paper emphasizes two simulation-based analysis operations from the framework: direct MSC inspection, which provides a visual representation of system behavior described by statechart diagrams; and a pattern-based trace query technique, which can be used to define and query system properties. Two case-study examples are presented with different emphasis. The gas station example is a simple multi-object system used to demonstrate both the visual and query-based analysis operations. The early warning system example uses only one object, but features composite states and includes analysis specifically aimed at one composite state feature, history states.

The impact of structural complexity on the understandability of UML statechart diagrams

The effectiveness of current software development strategies, such as Model-Driven Development (MDD), depends largely on the quality of their primary artefacts, i.e. software models. As the standard modelling language for software systems is the Unified Modelling Language (UML), quality assurance of UML models is a major research field in Computer Science. Understandability, i.e. a model’s ability to be easily understood, is one model quality property that is currently heavily under investigation. In particular, researchers are searching for the factors that determine an UML model’s understandability and are looking for ways to manipulate these factors. This paper presents an empirical study investigating the effect that structural complexity has on the understandability of one particular type of UML model, i.e. the statechart diagram. Based on data collected in a family of three experiments, we have identified three dimensions of structural complexity that affect understandability: (i) the size and control flow complexity of the statechart in terms of features such as the number of states, events, guards and state transitions; (ii) the actions that are performed when entering or leaving a state; (iii) the sequence of actions that is performed while staying within a state. Based on these structural complexity dimensions we have built an understandability prediction model using a regression technique that is specifically recommended for data obtained through a repeated measures design. Our test results show that each of the underlying structural complexity dimensions has a significant impact on the understandability of a statechart diagram.     

UML2.0顺序图的形式化研究

在UML2.0规范中顺序图的语义仍然是以自然语言的形式描述的,为实现对顺序图的自动化分析和验证,必须为顺序图定义一种形式化的语义模型.为此首先给出了UML顺序图的一种符合BNF范式的形式化语法,然后为该语法中的非终止符定义转换规则,将UML顺序图中的基本动作转换为加标Petri网组件,最后定义了各种合成操作,利用这些合成操作可以将UML顺序图的加标Petri网组件转换为加标Petni网.     

Assert and negate revisited: Modal semantics for UML sequence diagrams

Live Sequence Charts (LSC) extend Message Sequence Charts (MSC), mainly by distinguishing possible from necessary behavior. They thus enable the specification of rich multi-modal scenario-based properties, such as mandatory, possible and forbidden scenarios. The sequence diagrams of UML 2.0 enrich those of previous versions of UML by two new operators, assert and negate, for specifying required and forbidden behaviors, which appear to have been inspired by LSC. The UML 2.0 semantics of sequence diagrams, however, being based on pairs of valid and invalid sets of traces, is inadequate, and prevents the new operators from being used effectively. We propose an extension of, and a different semantics for this UML language—Modal Sequence Diagrams (MSD)—based on the universal/existential modal semantics of LSC. In particular, in MSD assert and negate are really modalities, not operators. We define MSD as a UML 2.0 profile, thus paving the way to apply formal verification, synthesis, and scenario-based execution techniques from LSC to the mainstream UML standard. Preliminary version appeared in SCESM '06: Proc. of the 2006 Int. workshop on Scenarios and State Machines, Shanghai, China (May 2006) [15]. This research was supported by the Israel Science Foundation (grant No.287/02-1), and by The John von Neumann Minerva Center for the Development of Reactive Systems at the Weizmann Institute of Science.     

基于UML状态图的模型信息自动提取技术研究

UML是OMG用于软件系统的可视化、详述、构造和文档化的统一建模语言,状态图是UML模型的重要组成部分,用于描述系统的动态行为.在研究Rational Rose及其状态图文档的基础上,提出了通过UML状态图自动提取模型信息的两种方法-基于LALR(1)文法和基于Rose的扩展接口的提取方法,并对两种方法进行了比较分析.自动提取模型信息技术提高了协议测试序列的自动生成效率.     

基于UML活动图生成功能测试线索

测试自动化是提高软件测试效率的重要途径。基于UML模型的面向对象软件测试是当前研究的热点。这些研究大都是类或集成测试,对于如何自动生成较为完整、合理的系统测试用例较少。在总结研究现状的基础上,以应用举例的方式提出一种从描述系统用例问顺序依赖关系的活动图和用例实现的活动图中获取系统功能测试线索的方法。     

Generating operation specifications from UML class diagrams: A model transformation approach

One of the more tedious and complex tasks during the specification of conceptual schemas (CSs) is modeling the operations that define the system behavior. This paper aims to simplify this task by providing a method that automatically generates a set of basic operations that complement the static aspects of the CS and suffice to perform all typical life-cycle create/update/delete changes on the population of the elements of the CS. Our method guarantees that the generated operations are executable, i.e. their executions produce a consistent state wrt the most typical structural constraints that can be defined in CSs (e.g. multiplicity constraints). In particular, our method takes as input a CS expressed as a Unified Modeling Language (UML) class diagram (optionally defined using a profile to enrich the specification of associations) and generates an extended version of the CS that includes all necessary operations to start operating the system. If desired, these basic operations can be later used as building blocks for creating more complex ones. We show the formalization and implementation of our method by means of model-to-model transformations. Our approach is particularly relevant in the context of Model Driven Development approaches.     

基于UML图和动态切片的回归测试研究

重点将UML图和动态切片应用于回归测试中。针对现在应用于软件开发的UML图不能很好地满足软件测试的要求,引入了时序状态图和改进后的状态图,对两种图进行形式化定义,并且通过实例说明定义内容,其中时序状态图用于类间测试,改进后的状态图用于类内测试。对定义的图进行切片分析,形成测试步骤和测试算法。网上购物实例表明时序状态图和改进状态图可以提高回归测试效率。     

基于UML Statecharts的测试用例生成

直接从含有层次和并发结构的UML statecharts图产生类的测试用例是比较困难的，提出了一种从UML statecharts图产生测试用例的方法：先把UML statecharts图转换成FREE(Flattened Regular Expression)模型图，再以FREE模型图为基础生成类的测试用例，同时，提出了FREE模型的测试覆盖准则，并提出了由FREE模型产生有限的迁移序列的算法。