赋权图上优化问题的DNA计算方法研究(英文)

对赋权图上经典优化问题的DNA计算方法进行探讨,改进原有DNA计算模型中的权值编码方法,提出一些新的DNA编码方法及DNA算法．具体地说,通过设计赋权无向图的相对长度图给出了旅行商问题的一种相对长度DNA编码方法及DNA算法,通过设计赋权无向图的广义边图给出了中国邮递员问题的一种广义边图DNA编码方法及DNA算法,通过选取DNA序列的最佳逆补比对给出了最小生成树问题的一种基于逆补比对的DNA编码方法及DNA算法,通过设计从顶点覆盖问题到Hamilton回路问题的一种改进多项式变换给出了顶点覆盖问题的一种基于多项式变换的DNA编码方法及DNA算法．所设计的DNA计算方法提高了DNA计算中表示数值和处理数值的能力．     

图顶点着色问题的DNA计算模型

DNA计算是以DNA分子作为数据的一种新型计算模式.为了减少DNA计算中编码的数量,不降低生化实验操作的可靠性,文中建立了一种基于酶切技术和PCR技术的图顶点着色DNA计算模型,给出了实现该模型的双编码的编码方案.分析表明,利用酶切技术和PCR技术能够有效删除非解并读取真解.该模型的解的检测方法类似于DNA测序技术,使得该模型更容易实现自动化操作.     

图的最短路径和传递闭包的并行算法

1.图的最短路径 给定一赋权有向图G=(V,E),假设G中没有带负权圈的顶点,Floyd给出了一个计算G的所有顶点对v_i,v_j之间最短路径算法。在该算法中,用带权邻接矩阵cosT表示图,并规定cosT(i,j)=∞若(i,j)不属于E和cosT(i,j)=0,i,j=0,…,n-1,该算法的设计思想是按下面的递推规则依次产生矩阵序列A~0,…,A~(n-1),其中A~(n-1)即是G的所有顶点对之间最短路径的长度。     

DNA计算求解连续空间优化问题

首先构造了二进制编码的网络空间,其两个节点连接权的四条边对应到DNA编码,设计了相应的算子起到DNA计算酶的作用,该算法设计使得DNA计算能够求解连续空间优化问题。通过测试函数表明该算法具有较好的收敛速度和稳定性,求解结果非常好。     

带权混合支配问题的近似算法研究

图G=(V,E)上的混合支配集D是由图G中的顶点和边组成的集合,因此对于图G中的任意一条边或一个顶点,若其不在D中,则其必须与D中某条边或某个顶点相邻。混合支配问题是在一个图中找到一个基数最小的混合支配集。混合支配问题是图顶点支配问题和边支配问题的混合,在实际生活中有着许多应用,最近在算法中也备受关注。混合支配问题在一般图上是NP完全的。带权混合支配问题则是混合支配问题的一个自然推广,其将图中的点和边以不同权重进行区分。令图中所有点的权重均为w_v,所有边的权重均为w_e,带权混合支配问题则要求寻找一个混合支配集使得其点和边的权重之和达到最小。尽管针对混合支配问题已存在一个简单2倍近似算法,但是对带权混合支配问题的近似算法的研究进展却非常缓慢。在点的权重不大于边的权重的情况下,文中给出了带权混合支配问题的一个3倍近似算法。     

传输子网选择:度数有界最大支撑子图逼近

研究了源于无线网状网络的度数有界最大支撑子图问题:给定连通图G=(V,E)和正整数d≥2,求G的一个最大支撑子图H,满足对V中每个顶点v,v在H中的度数dH(v)不超过d。这里,支撑子图指图G的一个连通而且包括G中所有顶点的子图。就输入图的边是否带权,分别设计了多项式时间近似算法。当输入图为无权图时,证明了近似算法的近似比为2;当输入图为赋权图时,证明了算法输出一个最大度数不超过d+1、权重不低于最优解权重1/(d+2)的支撑子图。算法输出的度数有界支撑子图可以用作无线网状网络的传输子网。     

旅行商问题的DNA算法

旅行商问题是求仅一次遍访指定城市并返回出发城市的最短旅行路线的问题,它是图论中一个经典的NP完全问题,用电子计算机需要指数级的时间才能得到解决,该文基于分子生物技术并利用Adleman-Lipton模型给出旅行商问题的DNA算法,这个DNA算法理论上能在多项式的时间内解决这个NP完全问题。具体地对n个城市的旅行商问题,首先将它视为一个具有顶点和边的图,并将顶点、边分别用DNA链编码表示,边的方向通过顶点的编码获得;再将这些DNA链投放在试管中进行生物化学反应,利用DNA计算的高效并行性,通过基本的生物实验操作最后得到旅行商问题的解,其过程的复杂度为O(n)。该算法的创新之处在于表示城市和路径的DNA链长度的设计,能使我们在合理小的范围内寻找旅行商问题的解,较大地简化了问题的复杂度。     

求解0-1规划问题的DNA计算模型(英文)

DNA计算是以DNA分子作为数据的一种新型计算模式．在DNA计算中首要面对的问题是编码问题．文中提出了一种双编码方法,利用这种编码方法可以使得在DNA计算的读解过程类似于DNA测序过程,容易实现自动化操作．基于该编码方法所建立的DNA计算模型可用于求解0-1规划问题,只需4次PCR反应即可读取问题的可行解．与其他DNA计算模型相比,该模型具有操作简单、易于实现的优点．     

粘贴与删除系统求解最短有向路的DNA计算模型

最短有向路问题是在一个有向网络中的两个指定顶点之间找出一条具有最小权的有向路,它在工程实践中具有广泛的应用。粘贴系统与删除系统是DNA计算形式模型中的两种基本模型。论文利用粘贴与删除系统的巨大并行性给出了求解图最短有向路问题的DNA计算模型及其实现算法。     

中国邮递员问题的DNA计算

提出了“虚拟权值”和“虚拟节点”的概念, 给出了中国邮递员问题的一种基于DNA计算的求解算法。新算法首先利用多聚酶链式反应技术来排除非解, 从而得到中国邮递员问题的所有可行解; 然后,结合基于表面的DNA计算方法与荧光标记等技术, 最终从所有可行解中析出最优解。算法分析表明, 新算法具有易于解读、编码简单等特点。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate