一种基于本体语义的信息检索模型

对基于向量空间模型的检索方法进行改进,提出基于本体语义的信息检索模型。将WordNet词典作为参照本体来计算概念之间的语义相似度,依据查询中标引项之间的相似度,对查询向量中的标引项进行权值调整,并参照Word-Net本体对标引项进行同义和上下位扩展,在此基础上定义查询与文档间的相似度。与传统的基于词形的信息检索方法相比,该方法可以提高语义层面上的检索精度。     

基于领域本体的语义查询扩展

在信息检索研究领域,资源与查询词的匹配决定信息检索质量。现有检索方法的检索结果存在过多不相关信息,不能很好满足用户需求。针对传统信息检索存在的问题与当前语义查询扩展方法的特点,本文在分析各种语义查询扩展方法及其相关研究的基础上,提出一种改进的基于领域本体的语义查询扩展方法。该方法论通过本体模型和概念相似度的计算对检索信息进行检索意图树的构建并扩展;然后在资源本体中以最短路径的方式搜索资源。实验结果表明,本文方法相较其他查询扩展方法能得到更好的检索结果。     

基于语义向量表示的查询扩展方法

针对传统查询扩展方法在专业领域中扩展词与原始查询之间缺乏语义关联的问题,提出一种基于语义向量表示的查询扩展方法。首先,构建了一个语义向量表示模型,通过对语料库中词的上下文语义进行学习,得到词的语义向量表示;其次,根据词语义向量表示,计算词之间的语义相似度;然后,选取与查询中词汇的语义最相似的词作为查询的扩展词,扩展原始查询语句;最后,基于提出的查询扩展方法构建了生物医学文档检索系统,针对基于维基百科或WordNet的传统查询扩展方法和BioASQ 2014—2015参加竞赛的系统进行对比实验和显著性差异指标分析。实验结果表明,基于语义向量表示查询扩展的检索方法所得到结果优于传统查询扩展方法的结果,平均准确率至少提高了1个百分点,在与竞赛系统的对比中,系统的效果均有显著性提高。     

基于搜索引擎的词汇语义相似度计算方法

词汇语义相似度的计算在网页浏览和查询推荐等网络相关工作中起着重要的作用.传统的基于分类的方法不能处理持续出现的新词.由于网络数据中隐藏着大量的噪音和冗余,鲁棒性和准确性仍然是一个挑战,因此提出了一种基于搜索引擎的词汇语义相似度计算方法.语义片段和检索结果的页数被用来去除词汇语义相似度计算过程中的噪音和冗余.此外,还提出了一种方法来整合查询结果页数、语义片段和显示的搜索结果的数量,该方法不需要任何先验知识与本体.实验结果显示,所提出的方法在Rubenstein-Goodenough测试集的相关系数为0.851,优于现有的基于网络的词汇语义相似度计算方法,同时在搜索引擎的查询扩展任务中具有较为良好的应用效果.     

改进的基于概念相似度的文本检索

为提高信息检索的查全率和查准率,提出改进的本体语义相似度计算方法,利用本体中概念语义相似度对检索结果文档的分值进行重新计算,过滤掉与原始查询相关度较小的文档。给出定义查询扩展中的迭代参数,减少进行扩展的次数,提高查询效率。利用开源工具Jena, Lucene进行文本语义检索测试,验证该方法的可行性和有效性。     

基于概念语义相似度计算模型的信息检索研究

以电子商务领域本体为基础,旨在提出一种改进的基于概念语义相似度计算模型,该模型结合基于距离和基于内容两个方面,能够更为全面精确地量化本体中概念结点之间的语义相似度。据此,进行查询关键词集概念扩展和查询与结果文档的相似度计算,最终形成检索算法。实验对比于Lucene检索算法,通过选取热点概念关键词从准确率、召回率、响应速度3个指标来评估检索算法的性能。实验证明,提出的检索算法与基于Lucene的信息检索方法相比,检索性能有较大提高。     

基于领域本体的智能检索模型

在传统检索模型的基础上,结合本体概念,提出一种基于领域本体的检索模型。该模型利用本体中语义概念关系及语义扩展机制对查询关键词进行概念映射及扩展,通过计算文档相似度返回检索结果,提高检索的查准率和查全率。     

基于概念图的信息检索的查询扩展模型

针对传统的基于关键词匹配的信息检索存在的查全率和精确率不高的问题,提出一种基于概念图匹配的查询扩展方法：一方面通过知网对用户查询的词或者句子进行扩展后,将用户查询和文档生成概念图;另一方面利用概念图的不完全匹配和语义相似度的计算方法计算概念图的相似度,以提高检索效果。实验结果表明该方法取得了良好的效果。     

基于领域本体和Lucene的语义检索系统研究

语义相似度是影响语义检索系统查准率和查全率的重要因素。设计了一种改进的语义相似度模型,用于量化概念间的关联程度,通过对相似度阈值的控制来调整查询扩展时扩展概念集的范围。在Lucene的基础上设计了一个基于领域本体的语义检索系统,该系统对提交的关键词组进行查询扩展后,将扩展关键词组导入文本检索引擎Lucene中,并把语义相似度作为检索结果排序算法的关键因素。实验结果表明,该语义相似度模型得出的相似度值更加接近专家经验值,系统的查询准确率与未加入查询扩展的Lucene系统相比有较大的提高。     

基于相关性和语义相似度融合的查询扩展方法

针对局部共现查询扩展算法查准率不高、性能差的缺点,提出了一种基于相关性和语义相似度的查询扩展算法RSIQE（relativity and similarity inosculate query expansion）。该方法首先用局部共现查询扩展算法扩展出n个相关扩展词,继而利用知网资源计算查询的相似度和扩展词的相关性,在此基础上融合扩展的相关度来得到N个扩展词的排序,通过对扩展词序列赋权来重新计算新查询中各词的权重,由新查询词赋权迭代得到检索结果。实验表明,该扩展方法比传统局部共现查询扩展算法不仅具有更优的检索性能,而且检索精度进一步提高。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~