基于改进分水岭变换的矿石图像分割算法

为了准确测量传送带上的矿石尺寸,提出了一种局部自适应阈值化和改进的分水岭变换相结合的矿石图像分割算法.该算法利用基于积分图像的自适应阈值化算法提取矿石区域;对二值图像做距离变换与双边滤波处理,并应用提出的基于区域合并的分水岭变换算法对图像进行分割;将提取的矿石区域与分割结果进行合并,得到最终的分割结果.对现场采集的复杂的矿石图像进行仿真实验,实验结果表明,该算法分割准确、速度快、光照自适应强.     

基于图像分割的去雾算法

针对雾霾条件下,所得的单幅图像出现降质现象,因而对视觉效果要求高的图像进行复原具有必要性;基于图像分割的去雾算法以暗通道先验模型为基础对大气光矢量A值的求取和透射率t(x,y)的处理方法实现改进;首先对单幅图像进行阈值分割找到天空区域,在所获取的天空区域部分结合skyline算法,可以找到精确的大气光矢量A值;进而对初始透射率t(x,y)采用改进的约束最小二乘方滤波进行优化,得到优化透射率t₁(x,y),最后将所得的大气光矢量A值和优化透射率t₁(x,y)利用大气光传输物理模型复原;改进算法的去雾结果具备保留细致的边缘细节,同时具有高效的去除图像噪声能力;实验结果表明,与he方法相对比,改进去雾算法的处理时间大程度缩短的同时,图像效果得到了提升。     

区域生长法在PCB元件分割中的应用

针对PCB图像中元件区域的提取,提出一种基于种子窗口和自适应生长阈值的区域生长算法,实现元件的自动分割.算法改进了以往区域生长算法中种子点的选取方法,并以初始种子点附近区域的统计值和已生长区域的特征相结合的方法自动确定生长阈值,分割过程兼顾元件的局部特征和全局特征.实验结果表明,基于种子窗口和自适应生长阈值的改进区域生长法具有较好的分割效果.     

含有大片天空区域图像的去雾算法

为提高包含天空区域图像的去雾效果,解决暗原色先验原理去雾容易导致天空区域色彩失真以及图像整体亮度较暗的问题,针对含有大片天空的图像,提出一种基于天空分割和色调映射的图像去雾算法.在HSI颜色空间中利用图像众数和图像连通区域提出天空识别算法,分割出天空与非天空区域;然后根据暗原色先验原理分别求取二者透射率,并在天空区域完成大气光值的估计;最后在RGB空间中利用大气散射模型复原图像,并经过改进的自适应色调映射得到最终的去雾图像.采用合成雾图、实景雾图和网络收集雾图进行实验的结果表明,该算法在主观视觉和客观指标方面均能得到质量更好的去雾图像.     

基于大气面纱优化和透射率修正的图像去雾

基于中值滤波的图像去雾算法不能有效去除细小边缘处的雾,且天空区域容易出现颜色失真问题。因此,提出了一种基于大气面纱优化和透射率修正的单幅图像去雾算法。首先基于阈值分割提取天空区域,并降低各颜色通道最小值图像中对应区域的灰度值,然后使用加权引导滤波得到优化后的大气面纱,从而得到较为准确的透射率,最后由大气散射模型得到复原图像。相比于其他算法,该算法在优化大气面纱的同时修正了透射率,在边缘处的去雾效果更加明显,同时解决了天空区域的色彩失真问题。     

血细胞图像分割的改进MEANSHIFT方法

根据血细胞图像的特点,采用一种基于改进的MEANSHIFT算法,对血细胞图像的G通道直方图和S分量直方图进行处理,自适应地得到白细胞核和其他区域的分割阈值,通过阈值分割将白细胞核从图像中分割出来,再通过后处理得到白细胞浆区域,从而实现白细胞的自适应阈值分割。在对MEANSHIFT算法进行改进后,阈值的获取自适应性更强,实验证明,这种自适应的阈值分割方法快速、有效,并且对于图像颜色变化、染色条件差异等鲁棒性强。     

基于天空分割的单幅交通标志图像去雾算法

针对现有去雾算法应用于交通标志图像时容易产生信息丢失、色彩失真等问题,导致去雾后图像质量较低,不能很好地满足交通标志识别系统（TSRS）的实际应用需求,提出一种基于天空分割的单幅交通标志图像去雾算法。根据大津算法结合图像灰度特征得到自适应阈值实现天空区域和非天空区域的准确分割;非天空区域采取改进的暗通道先验算法去雾,引入自适应中值滤波和快速双边滤波联合的方法优化透射率,天空区域则采取直方图均衡化算法去雾;通过融合得到无雾图像;引入高斯滤波对严重降质图像进行去雾后清晰化处理。实验结果表明,去雾后图像在峰值信噪比等多个客观评价指标上的综合表现优于其他几种去雾方法,所提算法在保证较低的时间复杂度的同时,能有效地保留图像信息,还原出清晰的真实图像,满足TSRS的实际应用需求。     

二维Otsu自适应阈值分割算法的改进

在二维OTSU自适应阈值分割算法的基础上提出了一种改进的自适应阈值分割算法，这种改进算法由于充分考虑了图像二维直方图中象素灰度值及其领域平均灰度值比较接近的区域而获得了比传统算法具有更强抗噪声能力的分割算法，通过将该算法用于显微细胞图像的分割证明了它不仅分割效果得到改善，同时还大大降低了算法的复杂性。     

基于暗原色先验的快速单幅图像去雾算法

针对基于暗原色先验理论的单幅图像去雾算法中,由于某些场景下的雾天图像存在大面积明亮区域（如天空、水面或者偏白色物体等）不满足暗原色先验假设,从而导致去雾处理效果不好的问题。基于暗原色先验理论,提出了一种改进的单幅图像去雾算法。首先利用统计截断的方法估计出大气光值;然后对暗通道图进行中值滤波得到粗略估计的透射率图,并对明亮区域的透射率图进行自适应校正处理;最后将这些参数带入大气散射成像模型完成去雾处理。实验结果显示,相较于原算法而言,所提算法可以准确地选取出天空区域的像素点对大气光进行估计,有效降低明亮区域的色彩失真。通过不同算法对不同室外场景下采集的雾天图像的去雾效果的对比可知,所提算法在对明亮区域的处理上更加合理,可以较好地处理一些带有光源的图像,恢复出的图像具有很好的细节保持,视觉效果显著提高。所提算法对含有大面积明亮区域的雾天图像具有很好的增强处理效果,可以为图像分割、语义检索、智能分析等图像处理工作提供有效的预处理手段,对于交通监管、视频监控、行车视频记录、视觉导航等研究领域具有重要的意义。     

结合分水岭和互信息的医学图像自适应分割方法

针对现有的改进分水岭算法中对弱边界分割精度不高、计算复杂及梯度谷底阈值不能自适应选取等缺点,提出一个结合互信息的自适应医学图像分割方法。首先通过形态学滤波和高斯平滑滤波来增强图像的边缘区域和抑制图像噪声;然后经过多尺度形态学梯度的谷底填充算法来减少分割区域块数,同时利用基于数学形态学的多元图像边缘检测算法来提取图像的边缘对获得的梯度图像进行修正;通过引入互信息量对填充的阈值进行自适应调整实现控制分割区域的数量,最后实现自动优化分割。实验结果表明,该方法最大程度保留了图像的弱边缘信息,参数选取更加合理,自适应程度提高。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate