融合Tamura纹理特征的改进FCM脑MRI图像分割算法

针对FCM算法在分割脑MRI图像时存在噪声敏感性和初始聚类中心随机性的问题,提出一种融合图像Tamura纹理特征的改进FCM图像分割算法.首先提取图像的Tamura纹理特征,将其与灰度特征线性加权构成融合特征.然后使用模糊邻域关系计算像素点的密度,将其与距离关系结合自适应选取初始聚类中心.最后使用融合特征作为更新隶属度和聚类中心的特征约束.实验利用该方法与FCM,D-FCM,WKFCM方法对Brain Web脑MRI数据集中的图像进行分割,并在抗噪性、准确性和运行效率方面进行了比较.实验结果表明,所提算法能获取更优的初始聚类中心,在处理噪声和灰度不均匀图像上表现出更好的鲁棒性,能够快速有效地分割脑MRI图像.     

基于改进模糊C均值聚类的光伏面板红外图像分割

红外图像具有对比度低和信噪比低等特点,这对红外光伏面板图像的分割始终是一个巨大的挑战.为了解决传统的模糊C均值（FCM）聚类算法易受到初始聚类中心不确定的影响和不考虑空间信息的问题,提出了一种基于模糊C均值改进的聚类分割算法,该算法利用直方图的特点确定初始聚类中心,同时在传统的模糊C均值（FCM）和模糊核C均值算法（KFCM）的基础上,利用像素之间的空间信息和邻域像素之间的关系改进传统FCM聚类目标函数,从而推导出新的目标函数.实验结果表明,该算法在分割质量和效果上与Otsu算法、文献[20]的自适应k-means算法及模糊核C均值算法（KFCM）相比,过分割和错分割率明显降低,且分割效果非常接近手动分割图.     

快速模糊C均值聚类的图像分割方法

模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法广泛应用于图像的自动分割,但标准的FCM算法存在计算量大,运算速度慢等问题。对FCM算法进行改进,提出了一种快速FCM图像分割算法(FFCM),该算法将图像从像素空间映射到其灰度直方图特征空间,并在此基础上,充分利用像素的邻域特性,对隶属度函数做一定改进,实验结果表明该算法能快速有效地分割图像,并具有较好的抗噪能力。     

一种基于隶属度优化的演化聚类算法

针对FCM中数据点隶属度的计算是影响算法执行效率的主要因素,提出一种新的加速FCM算法(accelerated fuzzy C-means,AFCM),用于加速FCM及基于FCM的演化聚类算法.AFCM算法采用抽样初始化操作,产生较好的初始聚类中心,对于拥有较大隶属度的数据点,通过一步k-means操作更新模糊聚类中心,同时仅更新小隶属度来达到加速FCM算法的目的.为了验证所提出方法的有效性并提高聚类算法的效率,将AFCM应用于基于演化算法的模糊聚类算法.实验表明,此方法在保持良好的聚类结果前提下,能够减少大规模数据集上聚类算法的计算时间.     

基于混沌粒子群和模糊聚类的图像分割算法*

模糊C-均值聚类算法(FCM)是一种结合模糊集合概念和无监督聚类的图像分割技术,适合灰度图像中存在着模糊和不确定的特点;但该算法受初始聚类中心和隶属度矩阵的影响,易陷入局部极小.利用混沌非线性动力学具有遍历性、随机性等特点,结合粒子群的寻优特性,提出了一种基于混沌粒子群模糊C-均值聚类(CPSO-FCM)的图像分割算法.实验证明,该方法不仅具有防止粒子因停顿而收敛到局部极值的能力,而且具有更快的收敛速度和更高的分割精度.     

基于灰度空间特征的模糊C均值聚类图像分割

模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法广泛用于图像的自动分割,但是该算法没有考虑像素的灰度和空间特征,对噪声十分敏感.因此提出一种改进的算法,在传统的FCM聚类的基础上,运用邻域像素的灰度相似度和聚类分布统计来构造新的隶属函数,对图像进行聚类分割.该方法不仅有效地抑制了噪声的干扰,而且把错分类的像素很容易的纠正过来.对两种类型的含噪图像的实验结果表明该方法对噪声具有很强的鲁棒性和对像素聚类的正确性.     

基于灰度重构和PSO的FCM分割MRI

为解决模糊C均值(FCM)模型对噪声敏感和随机初始聚类中心影响分割结果的问题,提出一种基于灰度重构和自适应粒子群优化的FCM算法.使用图像中每两个像素的空间和灰度信息,构造一种加权方式对灰度进行加权和,进行Top-hat和Bottom-hat变换,得到灰度重构图像;对粒子群算法的惯性权重进行改进,使其根据迭代情况自适应更新粒子速度,避免陷入局部最优;将改进的粒子群算法与FCM相融合,粒子位置作为聚类中心,对灰度重构后的图像进行分割.以磁共振图像为例进行实验,并与同类型算法进行对比,所提算法取得了较好的分割结果.     

自适应FCM算法在图像分割中的应用研究

针对目前还没有较好的方法确定模糊C均值FCM聚类中C值和各个初始聚类中心这一问题,提出一种先用进化聚类快速确定初始聚类中心和聚类个数C,后用模糊C均值FCM聚类的算法,算法时间复杂度和空间复杂度与C均值FCM基本相当。应用该算法在人物图像和遥感图像中进行了分割实验验证,算法在分割的准确性和模糊边界的分隔上取得令人满意的效果。     

基于蚁群优化的直觉模糊聚类脑MR图像分割

针对现有模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法存在的对初始参数敏感、迭代速度慢,以及对噪声鲁棒性差等问题,提出将蚁群优化算法(ACO)与直觉模糊聚类相结合的方法用于分割脑部MR图像.该算法采用自适应蚁群优化算法获取初始聚类中心与聚类个数作为直觉模糊聚类的初始值,将融入了局部空间信息和犹豫度的直觉模糊聚类算法应用于含噪声脑部图像及脑肿瘤图像进行分割.实验结果表明该算法能够有效抑制噪声干扰且保存图像细节,相较于FCM及相关改进算法具有更高的分割精度和分割效率.     

基于粒子群模糊C-均值聚类的图像分割算法

模糊C-均值(FCM)聚类算法是一种结合无监督聚类和模糊集合概念的图像分割技术,比较有效,但存在着受初始聚类中心和隶属度矩阵影响,可能收敛到局部极小的缺点。将粒子群优化算法(PSO)与模糊C-均值聚类算法相结合,实现了基于粒子群模糊C-均值聚类的图像分割算法。实验表明,该方法具有搜索全局最优解的能力,因而可得到很好的图像分割结果。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate