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精确的形式化软件规格说明是软件描述、开发与验证的基础,而工业界普遍使用非(半)形式化的表示定义与描述用户需求,如何由非(半)形式化的用户需求生成形式化软件规格说明是需求工程的难点之一.将设计模式的概念进行扩展,定义了问题模式,提出了一种基于问题模式形式化软件规格说明生成方法.该方法从结构化自然语言SNL描述的高层问题需求出发,通过选择知识库中的问题模式逐步精化得到各个新的子问题对应的形式化规格说明,之后对各个子问题组合并进行优化以得到最终的形式化规格说明.进一步,使用模型精化演算的原理与概念给出了该生成方法的理论基础.采用算法程序领域作为研究对象并使用Radl语言作为形式化规格说明语言.通过算法程序领域中的典型实例对这一方法进行了详细的描述,实际效果表明该方法能有效地生成高质量形式化规格说明. 相似文献
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面向方面的实时系统形式化开发方法 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
实时系统复杂性的不断增加以及对可配置性和可重用性要求的不断提高,需要如面向方面和基于组件的软件工程方法的支持,同时实时系统的可信性要求采用形式化方法来开发实时系统。本文试图建立一种面向方面的实时系统形式化开发方法,这种方法对RT—Z进行了面向方面和面向部件的扩展,并通过实时组件模型在需求和设计阶段提供了对基于部件的系统开发方法(CBSD)和面向方面的系统开发方法(AOSD)的支持。本文给出了面向方面的实时Z(AO—RT—Z)的组件模型的框架结构、语法要求、方面的联结和功能接口和非功能接口的定义,重点讨论并证明了面向方面的实时Z(AO—RT—Z)作为规格描述语言的健全性。 相似文献
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为解决分布式系统构建过程中系统组合和语义验证等方面的问题,基于范畴理论和进程代数,为基于Agent的分布式系统模型提出了一种形式化的语义描述框架。范畴图表用于描述整个系统的结构模型,态射用来表示系统各组成部分之间的交互和协作机制。在此基础上,对Agent规范的描述、组合、精化以及迁移过程中的语义保持问题进行了探讨。应用研究表明,该框架适用于分布式系统模型的描述和构建,有助于分析系统分解和组合的正确性。 相似文献
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协议的规格说明主要是以自然语言描述的,对其进行形式化的目的是精确描述协议,减少开发人员对协议规格说明理解的偏差.B方法可产生简明、精确、无歧义且可证明的规格说明.适合对协议进行形式化描述和一致性测试.本文详细地介绍了使用B方法对TCP协议进行形式化,并据此生成了测试用例,提高了TCP协议一致性测试的质量和可靠性. 相似文献
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一种基于CSP的面向方面状态图形式化描述方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
面向方面通过分离关注点解决软件系统中的横切问题,通过扩展UML可实现对面向方面的建模。本文利用UML的扩展机制将方面加入状态图中,描述了状态图中的方面与核心组件以及方面之间的编织,然后利用进程代数的形式化语义描述了扩展后的UML状态图,克服了扩展UML描述状态图的缺乏形式化动态语义,不利于对模型进行形式化验证和证明的缺
点。最后,以ATM自动取款机为例验证了基于CSP的面向方面状态图形式化描述的有效性。 相似文献
点。最后,以ATM自动取款机为例验证了基于CSP的面向方面状态图形式化描述的有效性。 相似文献
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基于Object—Z的形式化验证方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
定理证明是一种形式化验证技术,也是形式化方法的重要组成部分,它能从形式规格说明中推理出应具备的性质与属性,从而可以对规格说明进行形式验证。Obiect-Z是形式规格说明语言Z的面向对象扩充,基于集合论与数理逻辑,具有严密的逻辑性,适合精确地描述大型软件系统,并且可以对其形式规格说明进行推理。本文首先给出了基于Object—Z规格说明的定理证明验证方法,接着用Object-Z描述了一个电梯操作系统的实例,在此基础上给出了其形式规格说明的定理证明方法来进行形式化验证。 相似文献
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This article addresses a formal model of a distributed computation multi-agent system. This model has evolved from the experimental research on using multi-agent systems as a ground for developing fuzzy cognitive maps. The main paper contribution is a distributed computation multi-agent system definition and mathematical formalization based on automata theory. This mathematical formalization is tested by developing distributed computation multi-agent systems for fuzzy cognitive maps and artificial neural networks – two typical distributed computation systems. Fuzzy cognitive maps are distributed computation systems used for qualitative modeling and behavior simulation, while artificial neural networks are used for modeling and simulating complex systems by creating a non-linear statistical data model. An artificial neural network encapsulates in its structure data patterns that are hidden in the data used to create the network. Both of these systems are well suited for formal model testing. We have used evolutionary incremental development as an agent design method which has shown to be a good approach to develop multi-agent systems according to the formal model of a distributed computation multi-agent system. 相似文献
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现有的方面挖掘技术一般是类的方法级的挖掘,侧重于软件系统的结构改造,不能直接解决面向方面编程所关注的语句级代码纠缠和代码分散问题.针对这种情况.表文提出了一种基于形式概念分析的语句级自动化方面挖掘方法.该方法使用形式慨愈分析识别源代码中的关注点,实现语句级的自动化方面挖掘.该方法具有自动化、语句级和效率高等特点,可以用来快速实现对遗留平统的面向方面的改造. 相似文献
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Dian-Xiang Xu 《计算机科学技术学报》2009,24(5):949-961
Aspect-oriented programming modularizes crosscutting concerns into aspects with the advice invoked at the specified points
of program execution. Aspects can be used in a harmful way that invalidates desired properties and even destroys the conceptual
integrity of programs. To assure the quality of an aspect-oriented system, rigorous analysis and design of aspects are highly
desirable. In this paper, we present an approach to aspect-oriented modeling and verification with finite state machines.
Our approach provides explicit notations (e.g., pointcut, advice and aspect) for capturing crosscutting concerns and incremental
modification requirements with respect to class state models. For verification purposes, we compose the aspect models and
class models in an aspect-oriented model through a weaving mechanism. Then we transform the woven models and the class models
not affected by the aspects into FSP (Finite State Processes), which are to be checked by the LTSA (Labeled Transition System
Analyzer) model checker against the desired system properties. We have applied our approach to the modeling and verification
of three aspect-oriented systems. To further evaluate the effectiveness of verification, we created a large number of flawed
aspect models and verified them against the system requirements. The results show that the verification has revealed all flawed
models. This indicates that our approach is effective in quality assurance of aspect-oriented state models. As such, our approach
can be used for model-checking state-based specification of aspect-oriented design and can uncover some system design problems
before the system is implemented. 相似文献
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Ontologies are formal specifications of shared conceptualizations of a domain. Important applications of ontologies include distributed knowledge-based systems, such as the semantic web, and the evaluation of modelling languages, e.g. for business process or conceptual modelling. These applications require formal ontologies of good quality. The quality of a formal ontology requires both a good conceptualization of a domain and a good specification of the conceptualization. In this paper, we focus on the latter aspect, and present a method to test how well a specification of a formal ontology corresponds to a conceptualization of a domain held by ontology users. Our experimental method is based on principles of cognitive psychology. We present two experiments to demonstrate our method using upper-level ontologies. 相似文献