机械产品概念设计中的知识表示

研究了计算机辅助概念设计中的关键技术——知识表示．将行为域引入公理化设计作为功能域和载体域之间的转换桥梁，针对该域结构定义扩展“之”字映射，建立了不同层次功能、行为和载体之间的映射关系；构造了概念设计方案的知识表示模型——域结构模板；针对一类产品的知识表示模型——概念空间，给出了基于概念空间的概念设计方案生成过程．最后以工业平缝机为例对所述模型和方法加以说明。     

基于设计目录的计算机辅助概念设计系统

概念设计是设计中最重要的阶段之一,在概念设计阶段将完成从功能到功能原理解的映射过程,包含了设计中的大部分重要决策问题。在把用户需求转化为总功能后,要对总功能进行分解,直到不能分解为止,然后利用设计目录对子功能求解,获得相应的功能原理解,最后进行综合获得概念设计原理方案。本文在这个过程模型的基础上研究了面向计算机的概念设计模型、设计目录方法和概念设计过程模型,为计算机辅助概念设计提供了一套切实可行的方法。     

语义特征建模系统中概念设计方案表示研究

为了提高概念设计的工作效率和设计水平,提出了一种基于语义表示法的概念设计方案的表示方法。这种方法通过语义表示法来表示模型中的特征,通过细胞元模型来管理模型数据,通过语义面将特征和设计方案表示成为具有n个语义输入和m个语义输出的黑盒,通过语义依赖图建立产品模型与特征之间的组织关系,通过力传递的方法来简化概念设计方案的推理过程。该方法不仅可以大大提高概念设计问题的求解速度,还可以为设计者提供更丰富的概念设计方案。实验证明该算法具有广泛的应用前景和实用价值。     

机电产品运动方案创新的人机协同研究

建立了机电产品运动方案创新的蕴含功能-行为-结构与功能关系-行为关系-结构关系并行进化的概念设计全过程模型；揭示了该设计过程中的6个创新层次，即任务创新，功能创新、原理创新（包括工作原理创新和技术原理创新）、行为创新、结构创新和运动参数创新；分析了人机协同的概念设计，并讨论了需要解决的七大关键技术，该研究有助于机电产品运动方案的计算机辅助概念设计的实用化研究，并正被引入相关设计软件的开发。     

计算机辅助概念设计研究进展

以第4届国际计算机辅助工业设计与概念设计会议为背景，阐明了产品概念设计的内涵，指出计算机辅助概念设计CACD要解决的三大问题：概念设计方法学、产品信息模型及求解方法、计算机辅助概念设计技术；进而从智能概念设计技术、协同概念设计技术、虚拟概念设计技术、需求驱动概念设计技术等多个方面总结了CACD技术的研究进展，最后指出了CACD的发展趋势，并提出了CACD的三层架构．     

基于协同交互式遗传算法的复杂产品概念设计

针对复杂产品概念设计中的方案求解问题,建立了基于进化思想的求解过程模型,提出了一种新的基于协同进化算法与交互式遗传算法相结合的复杂产品概念设计方法.针对手机概念设计中功能设计的特点提出了变长度编码和两层编码的混合编码方式.实例表明,该方法对多目标、人机交互的复杂产品概念设计方案求解是有效的.     

产品概念设计多模型的协同机制

在探讨概念设计多模型的基础上,对概念设计协同机制进行了研究,提出了多模型的知识表达模式和协同求解机制,以可视电话为例,对所研制的一个概念设计协同支持系统原型了描述。     

机械产品概念设计过程模型的形式化表达

应用数学描述方法，从理性的角度描述了机械产品概念设计过程模型(功能-行为-结构-环境约束)的各要素及其相互关系．提出了在产品任务书中析取功能信息的方法，建立了功能分解准则，利用优化算法创建了行为关系树与实现产品功能概念解的整个设计过程的形式化表达．最后，在布料系统的概念设计上验证了文中方法的有效性．     

公理化设计支持的概念设计产品模型

通过将行为域引入公理化设计作为功能域和载体域之间的转换桥梁，提出一种概念设计产品模型－－域结构模板；并基于数理逻辑的方法建立域结构模板的数学模型，以便于计算机的表达和操作；以高速平缝机为例，对域结构模板以及基于域结构模板的概念设计方案生成进行了说明。     

基于虚拟原型的概念设计描述模型V-desModel

传统的概念设计方法由于缺乏真实感的交互手段,难以直观表达设计者的意图.基于虚拟原型的概念设计不仅能为设计者提供逼真的虚拟设计环境,而且充分体现了现代设计的成本低、周期短以及灵活性强等特点.针对概念设计的特点以及虚拟原型的特征分类,提出了基于虚拟原型的概念设计模型V-desModel,其核心是利用产品视图模型描述设计对象,将虚拟特征概念融入视图模型中,并采用可扩展"三维实体-约束图"来描述设计对象之间的约束关系.V-desModel模型能有效地支持基于虚拟原型的概念设计过程,较好地解决了概念设计中产品虚拟原     

概念设计中基于笔式手势的交互计算研究

基于笔式手势的自然交互是支持概念设计创新的有效方式.提出了一种笔式手势的层次概念模型,结合基于约束的自由勾画和上下文感知技术描述了手势设计方式,进一步讨论了手势内部的约束建立和求解算法;基于手势应用的范式,给出了概念设计中特征手势建模的应用实例,通过与传统建模和交互方式的对比,验证了特征手势建模的方便性.给出一个自然、高效的方法,以基于手势的方式来完成概念设计构思过程,采用笔式交互快速自然地记录下设计思路,所实现的系统方便了用户的创新设计,改善了人机交互模式.     

The effect of automatic concern mapping strategies on conceptual cohesion measurement

Context: Cohesion has been recognized as an important quality attribute of software design across decades. It can be defined as the degree to which a module is focused on a single concern of software. A concern is any concept, feature, requirement or property of the problem or solution domain. Conceptual cohesion is an alternative way of cohesion measurement based on what concerns each module addresses. Therefore, adopting a strategy to map concerns to source code elements is challenging but necessary.Objective: We aim at providing empirical evidence about whether automatic concern mapping strategies are already ready to be used effectively for conceptual cohesion measurement.Method: We carried out an empirical study to assess the ability of conceptual cohesion measurement using different automatic concern mapping strategies in selecting the least cohesive modules.Results: Conceptual cohesion measurements over the two analyzed mapping strategies performed weakly in the ability of selecting the least cohesive modules. We then provide a discussion to explain the reasons.Conclusion: Concern mapping strategies should be carefully chosen for conceptual cohesion measurement, specially if automatic mapping is under consideration. Manual mapping is still the most reliable way for computing conceptual cohesion. We pointed out limitations in automatic mapping strategies that go beyond conceptual cohesion measurement purposes and which should be considered in future research or applications in industry.     

Automated code generation of dynamic specializations: an approach based on design patterns and formal techniques

In this work, we present an automatic code generation process from conceptual models. This process incorporates the use of design patterns in OO-Method, an automated software production method, which is built on a formal object-oriented model called OASIS. Our approach defines a precise mapping between conceptual patterns, design patterns and their implementation. Design patterns make the code generation process easy because they provide methodological guidance to go from the problem space to the solution space. In order to understand these ideas, we introduce a complete code generation process for conceptual models that have dynamic specialization relationships. This proposal can be incorporated into CASE tools, making the automation of the software production process feasible.     

基于遗传算法的方案智能优化设计

建立方案智能优化设计的过程模型，提出一种新的方案智能优化设计的求解方法模型：知识－分析－生成－评价－进化，研究了基于遗传算法的方案智能优化设计的关键技术，作为工程实例建立了起重机起升装置方案优化设计智能系统。     

机械运动方案设计及其模型形式化表达方法的研究

文章提出了一种矩阵表达方法,它是运动方案自动化综合的基础。借助这种方法,机构域的连续设计空间被离散化为功能子空间,并且每一子空间用唯一的机构模块表示。矩阵形式化表达的意义在于:机构模块可在不同抽象化层次上表达;可产生概念设计的可行解;通过编程可实现运动方案的自动化综合。     

Design of a feature-based order acceptance and scheduling module in an ERP system

Customer-oriented manufacturing competes on timely responses to customer requirements, and precise scheduling control for delivery. This challenge demands engineering design and production planning to be fully integrated via advanced enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems. This paper proposes a generic feature association method and a detailed framework that can unify product and process models in order to satisfy customer orders with small batch sizes and high variations. A conceptual solution is introduced by integrating two traditionally separate feature domains: design configuration features and manufacturing process features. To achieve the proposed method, a customer feature class is suggested for the characterization of customers’ profiles related to the manufacturer. An instantiated customer feature object functionally tracks each customer’s selection of product configurations related to its requirements, specific orders, and production schedules with dynamic associations to the live manufacturing capacity. With the new associative integration method, a preliminary order acceptance system (OAS) prototype system has been implemented within an ERP order management system and its conceptual structure model is demonstrated within a multi-facet feature framework.     

综合自动化系统在变电站的应用

上海某高校自行设计并安装运行了一套变电站综合自动化系统来控制校园电网变电所的正常运行.介绍了该综合自动化系统在该校区变电站的应用的工作原理和结构特点.详细介绍了整个系统采用的设计方案,包括硬件构架、电气设备搭建以及系统的控制平台软件:硬件构架主要设计系统主控层和现场控制层模块以及采用的电气设备及连接;控制平台采用EpSynall变电站综合自动化监控系统与硬件组成配合.另外就该系统在校园变电站运行过程中出现过的通讯故障,进行了分析并做出合理化解决措施加以改进.     

A systematic decision making approach for product conceptual design based on fuzzy morphological matrix

Conceptual design plays an important role in development of new products and redesign of existing products. Morphological matrix is a popular tool for conceptual design. Although the morphological-matrix based conceptual design approaches are effective for generation of conceptual schemes, quantitative evaluation to each of the function solution principle is seldom considered, thus leading to the difficulty to identify the optimal conceptual design by combining these function solution principles. In addition, the uncertainties due to the subjective evaluations from engineers and customers in early design stage are not considered in these morphological-matrix based conceptual design approaches. To solve these problems, a systematic decision making approach is developed in this research for product conceptual design based on fuzzy morphological matrix to quantitatively evaluate function solution principles using knowledge and preferences of engineers and customers with subjective uncertainties. In this research, the morphological matrix is quantified by associating the properties of function solution principles with the information of customer preferences and product failures. Customer preferences for different function solution principles are obtained from multiple customers using fuzzy pairwise comparison (FPC). The fuzzy customer preference degree of each solution principle is then calculated by fuzzy logarithmic least square method (FLLSM). In addition, the product failure data are used to improve product reliability through fuzzy failure mode effects analysis (FMEA). Unlike the traditional FMEA, the causality relationships among failure modes of solution principles are analyzed to use failure information more effectively through constructing a directed failure causality relationship diagram (DFCRD). A fuzzy multi-objective optimization model is also developed to solve the conceptual design problem. The effectiveness of this new approach is demonstrated using a real-world application for conceptual design of a horizontal directional drilling machine (HDDM).     

Multiple-view feature modelling for integral product development

To allow a designer to focus on the information that is relevant for a particular product development phase, is an important aspect of integral product development. Unlike current modelling systems, multiple-view feature modelling can adequately support this, by providing an own view on a product for each phase. Each view contains a feature model of the product specific for the corresponding phase. An approach to multiple-view feature modelling is presented that supports conceptual design, assembly design, part detail design and part manufacturing planning. It does not only provide views with form features to model single parts, as previous approaches to multiple-view feature modelling did, but also a view with conceptual features, to model the product configuration with functional components and interfaces between these components, and a view with assembly features, to model the connections between components. The general concept of this multiple-view feature modelling approach, the functionality of the four views, and the way the views are kept consistent, are described.