Standards for second-generation portals

By integrating applications and resources, portals let users access information in a simple, straightforward manner. Currently, most portals let users create one or more personal pages composed of portlets - interactive Web mini-applications. Until recently, no standards for portlets existed, and thus consuming remote portlets in a generic way or deploying portlets in one portal server that were developed in a different one has been impossible. Two standards released in Fall 2003 - the Web Services for Remote Portlets (WSRP) and the Java portlet specification - address these problems. This articles outlines these standards and presents a typical architecture for a standards-based portal.     

Improving a portlet usability model

Second-generation portals are far from being monolithic pieces of software. Their complexity calls for a component-based approach where portlets are the technical enabler. That being the case nowadays portals tend to be constructed by means of portlets, i.e. a multi-step, user-facing application to be delivered through a Web application. The proposal for and ample support given to the WSRP (Web Services for Remote Portlets) portlet standard predict an emerging portlet market. A main requirement for the blossoming of this market is the existence of portlet quality models that assist portal developers to select the appropriate portlet. This paper focuses on usability. The aim, therefore, is to develop a usability model for portlets. The paper presents such a model and its realisation for a sample case.

Assessment of portlet quality: Collecting real experience

Owing to the current complexity of portals, vendors of portal frameworks are striving to bring component-based development to the Web: ‘portlets’. Portal users find the portal screen split into a number of sections, each containing separate ‘portlets’, that run or link to the application elements to which the particular user has the appropriate access rights. Taking into account that the success of a portal depends on customers using it and then returning to it, its quality must be assured. If the quality of a portal is to be guaranteed, the first step is to ensure that the portal is built with portlets which have a “good” quality level. Bearing all this in mind, this paper has set as its objective the development of a portlet quality model which includes different measures and which is able to determine the quality level of a specific portlet. In addition, the model has been applied to a concrete portlet: as a result, the quality level for the different characteristics that make up the portlet quality model has been assessed.     

基于Jetspeed2.0的Portlet二次开发

门户为内部和外部用户访问Web站点的信息和应用提供了一个单一的访问入口,一个Portlet是门户中提供特殊服务或信息的窗口.介绍了基于公开源代码的企业信息门户软件Jetspeed,分析了最新版的Jetspeed 2.0的各个组成部分,并通过一个例子详细介绍了在Jetspeed2.0的基础上进行Porrlet二次开发的过程.基于Jetspeed2.0很容易对Porrlet进行二次开发,编写一些自己的Portlet,通过对这些Portlet的个性化设置,实现整个门户网站的个性化.     

An authoring technology for multidevice Web applications

The rapid proliferation of mobile computing devices has increased the complexity and cost of cross-platform application development. Multidevice authoring technology (MDAT) lets developers build a generic application common to multiple devices and customize it for specific devices. We developed MDAT an end-to-end development methodology and toolset, to reduce the complexity of creating interactive, form-based Web applications that execute on heterogeneous devices. Web application refers to conventional, servlet-based Web applications as well as portlet applications. A portlet is a Web application component that a Web portal server aggregates with other portlets.     

联邦门户中基于WSRP和ALSB的portlet协作研究

在研究联邦门户框架的基础上,比较了WSRP2.0规范中的portlet协作方法,提出一种基于WSRP和ALSB的可扩展的跨门户portler协作框架.该协作方式一方面提高了portlet的可重用性,并最大限度的保持了联邦门户内各个门户的独立性;另一方面增强了portlet协作的自由度,可以很快适应多变的业务需求,从而实现了联邦门户环境下更高层次的应用集成与交互.     

企业信息门户关键技术研究

详细介绍了作为企业信息门户关键技术的两个规范,它们是JSR 168和远程Portlets Web服务（Web Services for Remote Portlets,WSRP）,并对两者的关系作了阐释。这两个规范使基于不同平台的门户能够无缝地互操作成为了可能,同时使大范围内基于用户的信息集成更加快速安全。     

Special Issue in Honor of Ben Shneiderman's 60th Birthday: Reflections on Human-Computer Interaction

Abstract

Unlike most Web portals in the world, Chinese Web portals are characterized by a huge amount of information, excessive visual stimuli, and very long Web pages. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of such rich Web portal designs and floating animations on visual search, emphasizing a comparison between Chinese users and German users. Two experiments were conducted to test 2 proposed hypotheses. Experiment 1 studied the effect of Web portal design (rich and simple) on visual search performance (performance time, errors, and satisfaction) with both Chinese and German participants. Experiment 2 studied the effects of static animations (leaderboards, couplets, and large squares) and floating animations (moving down, moving up/down, and random movement) on visual search performance on Web portals. The dependent variables were the performance time, error, satisfaction, and animation recognition. The results indicated that participants using simple Web portals searched faster, made fewer errors, and were more satisfied than participants using rich Web portals. No significant differences were found between the performance time of Chinese participants and German participants. However, satisfaction of Chinese participants was found to be less influenced by the differences between simple and rich Web portal designs, compared with German participants. No significant differences were found in performance time and animation recognition between static animations and floating animations, which indicated that users are able to detect the pattern of animation movements and were able to avoid floating animations as well as static animations. People searching pages with randomly floating animations were found to use significantly more time compared with those searching pages with no animations. Furthermore, users' satisfaction for pages with randomly floating animations, moving down animations, and moving up/down animations was significantly lower than for pages with no animations. Implications for designers and for future research are discussed.     

一种多Portlet互操作框架

企业信息Portal作为企业信息集成的工具,主要是基于Portlet在表现层进行集成。这种集成实质上就是Portlet之间数据交互问题。在分析现有数据交互方法基础上,遵循JSR-168和WSRP规范,通过扩展Portlet实现接口,提出了多Portlet数据交互框架,并基于XML技术封装交互信息,实现Portlet之间信息交互。     

远程门户组件的Web服务的研究与实现*

Web服务解决了异构环境中的互操作问题,但是并没有提供信息展示和用户交互的方法。采用远程门户组件的Web Service（WSRP）技术,提出了WSRP平台的概念模型,分析了远程门户组件的映射原理,研究了远程门户组件的对象池及管理算法,设计实现了一个远程门户组件的Web服务的运行平台,解决了Web 服务的展现问题,同时解决了Internert上的门户组件共享问题。     

基于Portlet的网格门户系统设计

网格门户是网格环境的用户接口,已经日益成为一个重要的网格研究领域.Portlet是一种可定制、可插拔和可重用的Web组件,目前已经提交申请成为Java规范.使用portl武技术开发网格门户,有利于提高网格门户的可扩展性和可维护性,支持用户个性化的网格使用方式,方便对门户的配置管理.详细介绍了基于portlet的网格门户系统的设计思想及其实现,并以MPI作业提交为例阐述了系统中各个portlet之间的交互方式.     

The Charité Grid Portal: User-friendly and Secure Access to Grid-based Resources and Services

The Charité Grid Portal combines portal components from different groups and projects to provide domain researchers a gateway to Grid-based biomedical applications. Trusted users can securely access and employ Grid resources and services. In this paper, five portal components are presented: (1) The credential management administrates the user-credentials and authenticates them to the Grid. (2) The brain imaging data analysis (FSL) submits workflows to the Grid as part of Medical Image processing. (3) The integrated web services of Generic Workflow Execution Service (GWES) manage workflows executed by users in the Grid. (4) The data management component provides secure and efficient data management in a Grid environment, and enables high-speed data transports between user and Grid. (5) The lung sound analysis application provides twofold-pseudonymization before data-transferred to the Grid. The implementation as standardized portlets allows easy integration of specific components into different Grid portals such as the VO specific MediGRID and PneumoGrid portals.     

基于Jetspeed的网格门户系统的设计

Jetspeed作为一种web应用引擎,它提供了portletAPI和portlet的运行环境。本文介绍了什么是网格门户,阐述了Jetspeed的原理,并以myproxyportlet为例说明了如何使用Jetspeed实现网格门户。     

基于 Portlet 的高性能计算应用集成组件

高性能计算 Web 应用社区经常需要封装不同类型的应用,封装过程需开发或调整源代码。因此,社区管理员不能快速满足应用封装需求,特别是作业参数相对复杂的应用。通过分析不同作业管理系统的作业提交和管理命令、不同学科领域的高性能计算应用程序的使用方式、通用作业描述语言的结构和语义,本文提出了一种基于 portlet 的高性能计算应用集成组件,设计和实现了应用需求描述模板、作业提交页面动态渲染引擎、作业参数存储和填充方法,从而提供了基于 WEB 页面的应用封装、动态生成作业提交 Web页面和作业描述并提交作业的功能,并且支持以历史作业的输入数据填充作业提交页面的功能。分析及实例表明,该组件能够有效提高应用封装的响应速度,用户能够方便的提交作业和重用复杂的作业参数,具有良好的可移植性和扩展性。     

Determining the titles of Web pages using anchor text and link analysis

Determining the titles of Web pages is an important element in characterizing and categorizing the vast number of Web pages. There are a few approaches to automatically determining the titles of Web pages. As an R&D project for Naver, the operator of Naver (Korea’s largest portal site), we developed a new method that makes use of anchor texts and analysis of links among Web pages. In this paper, we describe our method and show experiment results of its performance.     

Consistent Web site updating based on bidirectional transformation

A transformation-based Web site can keep the contents of a Web site consistent by furnishing a single database and a set of transformation programs, each generating a Web page from the database. However, when someone notices an error or stale content on a Web page in this style of Web site construction, the Web site maintainer must access a possibly huge database to update the corresponding content. In this paper, we propose a new approach to Web site construction based on bidirectional transformation, and report our design and implementation of a practical updating system called Vu-X. We bring the idea of bidirectional transformation to Web site construction, describing not only a forward transformation for generating Web pages from the database but also a backward transformation for reflecting modifications on the Web pages to the database. By use of the bidirectional transformation language Bi-X, we can obtain both transformations only by specifying a forward transformation. Our Vu-X system is implemented as a Web server built upon the Bi-X transformation engine, which can keep the content of Web sites consistent by updating Web pages in WYSIWYG style on Web browsers.     

Finding related pages in the World Wide Web

When using traditional search engines, users have to formulate queries to describe their information need. This paper discusses a different approach to Web searching where the input to the search process is not a set of query terms, but instead is the URL of a page, and the output is a set of related Web pages. A related Web page is one that addresses the same topic as the original page. For example, www.washingtonpost.com is a page related to www.nytimes.com, since both are online newspapers.We describe two algorithms to identify related Web pages. These algorithms use only the connectivity information in the Web (i.e., the links between pages) and not the content of pages or usage information. We have implemented both algorithms and measured their runtime performance. To evaluate the effectiveness of our algorithms, we performed a user study comparing our algorithms with Netscape's `What's Related' service (http://home.netscape.com/escapes/related/). Our study showed that the precision at 10 for our two algorithms are 73% better and 51% better than that of Netscape, despite the fact that Netscape uses both content and usage pattern information in addition to connectivity information.     

A web content manipulation technique based on page Fragmentation

Web portals today offer a variety of content and services to their users. This content can be split into various categories and usually content semantically related is placed in the same area. In this paper, a software technique is presented that allows the viewers of web sites to build their own personalized portals, using specific areas of their preferred sites. This technique saves users’ time and reduces the cost of browsing the web by minimizing the volume of data that has to be downloaded. It is based on an algorithm, which fragments a web page in discrete fragments using the page's internal structure. Users utilize a web interface to define which parts of selected web pages they desire to appear in their personalized portal. No additional software needs to be installed on the users’ personal computers, since this technique is designed to function centrally as a data source for a Web Server. In addition, usage of this technique reduces user perceived latency during browsing sessions, since less data must be transferred to users’ personal computers.     

蚁群算法在Web站点导航中的应用研究

Web站点导航是Web数据挖掘的一个重要研究领域,是准确理解用户访问网站行为的关键;传统Web站点导航技术很难全面反映出用户对页面浏览的兴趣程度,找到用户感兴趣页面路径准确度比较低;为提高找到用户感兴趣页面路径准确度,提出一种基于蚁群算法的Web站点导航技术;将网络用户看作人工的蚂蚁,用户的浏览兴趣作蚂蚁的信息素,通过利用Web日志数据采用正负反馈机制和路径概率选择机制建立一个Web站点导航模型,挖掘用户感兴趣页面的导航路径;仿真实验结果表明,基于蚁群算法的Web站点导航技术提高了找到用户感兴趣页面路径准确度,更加能够准确反映出用户的浏览兴趣,用于Web站点导航是可行的。