基于改进模糊C均值聚类的光伏面板红外图像分割

红外图像具有对比度低和信噪比低等特点,这对红外光伏面板图像的分割始终是一个巨大的挑战.为了解决传统的模糊C均值（FCM）聚类算法易受到初始聚类中心不确定的影响和不考虑空间信息的问题,提出了一种基于模糊C均值改进的聚类分割算法,该算法利用直方图的特点确定初始聚类中心,同时在传统的模糊C均值（FCM）和模糊核C均值算法（KFCM）的基础上,利用像素之间的空间信息和邻域像素之间的关系改进传统FCM聚类目标函数,从而推导出新的目标函数.实验结果表明,该算法在分割质量和效果上与Otsu算法、文献[20]的自适应k-means算法及模糊核C均值算法（KFCM）相比,过分割和错分割率明显降低,且分割效果非常接近手动分割图.     

具有抗噪性能适用高维数据的增量式聚类算法

针对含有噪声的高维数据的聚类问题,提出一种使用新的距离度量方式的增量式聚类算法ANFCM(c+p)。由于传统的模糊C均值聚类算法对初始化聚类中心比较敏感,所提出的聚类算法将单程FCM的增量机制(称为SpFCM)与FCPM中使用的初始化聚类中心的策略相结合,即将先前数据块的聚类中心附近的几个样本点添加到下一个数据块进行聚类,以避免FCM对噪声的敏感性。此外,所提出的聚类算法使用一种新的改进后的距离度量的同时,使用修正后的约束条件和目标函数。通过以上改进,可以有效区分已知类和未知类在算法中的不同影响程度,并加强类之间的相互影响程度。实验结果表明,该算法对高维噪声数据具有很好的聚类效果和鲁棒性。     

基于量子人工鱼群和模糊核聚类算法的网络入侵检测模型研究

针对基于传统模糊C均值聚类的网络入侵检测模型存在分类效果不佳,且容易出现局部极值的问题,提出了一种基于量子人工鱼群的半监督模糊核聚类算法。该算法使用少量的标记数据和大量未知标记数据生成网络入侵检的分类,并通过核距离的方式构建了模糊C均值聚类算法的新目标函数,此外,结合了量子人工鱼群算法来解决模糊核聚类算法的全局最优解问题,适用于并行执行架构。在KDD Cup 99网络入侵检测数据上的仿真实验结果表明,相比于基于FCM和PSO-FCM的入侵检测模型,以及基于此提出的算法入侵检测模型具有更好的检测率。     

基于改进核模糊C均值类间极大化聚类算法

传统的核聚类仅考虑了类内元素的关系而忽略了类间的关系,对边界模糊或边界存在噪声点的数据集进行聚类分析时,会造成边界点的误分问题。为解决上述问题,在核模糊C均值（KFCM）聚类算法的基础上提出了一种基于改进核模糊C均值类间极大化聚类（MKFCM）算法。该算法考虑了类内元素和类间元素的联系,引入了高维特征空间的类间极大惩罚项和调控因子,拉大类中心间的距离,使得边界处的样本得到了较好的划分。在各模拟数据集的实验中,该算法在类中心的偏移距离相对其他算法均有明显降低。在人造高斯数据集的实验中,该算法的精度（ACC）、归一化互信息（NMI）、芮氏指标（RI）指标分别提升至0.9132,0.7575,0.9138。     

利用空间信息的核模糊C均值聚类算法

模糊聚类,特别是模糊C均值聚类算法（FCM）广泛地运用到图像的分割中。但是传统的算法未对数据对特征进行优化,亦未考虑图像的空间信息,对噪声图像分割不理想。在FCM目标函数中引入核函数,用内核引导距离代替传统的欧式距离,同时考虑到邻近象素的影响,增加了空间约束项,提出了利用空间信息的核FCM算法。通过对模拟图和仿真脑部MR图像的分割实验证明,该算法可以有效的分割含有噪声图像。     

基于PSO_KFCM的医学图像分割

在核模糊聚类算法(KFCM)的基础上,提出了一种新的PSO KFCM聚类算法.新算法利用高斯核函数,把输入空间的样本映射到高维特征空间,利用微粒群算法的全局搜索、快速收敛的特点,代替KFCM算法逐次迭代的过程,在特征空间中进行聚类,克服了KFCM对初始值和噪声数据敏感、易陷入局部最优的缺点.通过对医学图像进行分割,仿真实验结果表明,新算法在性能上比KFCM聚类算法有较大改进,具有更好的聚类效果,且算法能够很快地收敛.     

结合空间邻域信息的核FCM图像分割算法

针对传统FCM聚类算法在图像分割时对噪声敏感的问题,提出一种结合空间邻域信息的核FCM图像分割算法。该算法在FCM算法目标函数中增加了空间约束函数,并引入考虑邻域信息的局部隶属度函数,同时引入核函数,用内核诱导距离替换原来的欧式距离,优化分割图像的特征。最后通过将全局模糊隶属度函数与局部隶属度函数结合在一起,得到新的加权隶属度函数,实现图像的分割。通过对人工合成图像和自然图像进行分割实验,结果表明,在分割质量和效果上该算法明显优于标准FCM算法及KFCM等改进算法,同时对噪声更具鲁棒性。     

基于熵与邻域约束的模糊C均值改进算法

针对模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法没有考虑样本不同属性的重要程度、邻域信息等问题,提出一种基于熵与邻域约束的FCM算法。首先通过计算样本各属性的熵值来为各属性赋予权重,结合属性权重改进距离度量函数;随后根据邻域样本与中心样本间的距离计算邻域隶属度权重,加权得到邻域隶属度,利用邻域隶属度约束目标函数,修正隶属度迭代过程,最终达到提升FCM聚类算法性能的目的。理论分析和在人造数据集、多个UCI数据集的试验结果表明,改进后的算法在聚类效果、鲁棒性上均优于传统FCM算法、PCM算法、KFCM算法、KPCM算法和DSFCM算法,表明了本文算法的有效性。     

基于核的直觉模糊聚类算法

针对现有的直觉模糊聚类算法性能的问题,提出一种基于核的直觉模糊聚类算法(IFKCM)。该算法引入高斯核函数,将直觉模糊集合从原始观察空间映射到高维特征空间,减少了计算时间且提高了聚类精度;同时改进了现有的直觉模糊聚类算法中的概率型约束条件,使其对噪声和野值点具有较好的鲁棒性。最后,通过实际数据和人工数据与常用聚类算法进行了对比实验,结果表明该算法较大幅度地提高了直觉模糊聚类算法的性能。     

基于改进模糊聚类算法鲁棒的图像分割

对噪声图像提出了一种改进的模糊聚类分割算法。因为模糊C均值聚类(FCM)算法具有对噪声数据敏感的缺点,该算法通过提升意义更趋明晰的模糊隶属度来改变模糊聚类中的目标函数,即通过在标准的FCM算法中使用到类的Voronoi cell的距离来取代到类的原型的欧氏距离,从而增强了聚类结果的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,改进的算法较之于FCM对于噪声图像的分割有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate