用况驱动开发过程的研究与应用

用况不仅能帮助开发者获取正确的用户需求,而且能启动和驱动整个开发过程.文中结合统一过程,讨论了用况驱动过程开发的基本思想和它在整个开发周期特别是软件的需求、分析、设计阶段的UML建模方法.实践表明,通过用况驱动过程能使软件开发平滑而高效.     

UML建模过程中获取用例的增量迭代方法

统一建模语言UML是面向对象建模领域中通用的标准语言，用例作为UML，的主要技术之一，不仅是获取需求的耋要手段，而且可以驱动整个开发过程。本文以教务管理系统中教材管理子系统开发经验为实例，介绍一种简单直观的增量迭代手法，用以在需求分析阶段捕获初始的的系统用例，同时帮助开发人员之间更好地沟通。     

基于UML的数据库应用系统开发研究

UML是现代面向对象分析和设计的核心内容,使用UML能极大地提高软件开发效率。通过一个图书管理系统的开发案例研究了基于UML的数据库应用系统的开发流程,整个流程分为分析、设计、实现和测试四阶段,注重迭代增量式开发、用例驱动、并以架构为中心,保证了数据库应用系统能更好地适应用户需求的不断变化,并具有良好的可重用性。     

基于UML的数据库应用系统开发研究

UML是现代面向对象分析和设计的核心内容,使用UML能极大地提高软件开发效率。通过一个图书管理系统的开发案例研究了基于UML的数据库应用系统的开发流程,整个流程分为分析、设计、实现和测试四阶段,注重迭代增量式开发、用例驱动、并以架构为中心．保证了数据库应用系统能更好地适应用户需求的不断变化,并具有良好的可重用性。     

测试驱动开发及开发实践

极限编程是适应于中小型团队在需求不明确或迅速变化的情况下进行软件开发的轻量级方法学。测试驱动开发作为极限编程思想的一种主要实践，可以有效地让程序开发人员开发出更高品质的、经过完整测试的程序。文中介绍了测试驱动开发思想，对测试驱动开发过程给出了清晰的流程，总结了测试驱动开发的多种模式。最后介绍了如何用JUnit进行测试驱动开发。     

测试驱动开发及开发实践

极限编程是适应于中小型团队在需求不明确或迅速变化的情况下进行软件开发的轻量级方法学。测试驱动开发作为极限编程思想的一种主要实践,可以有效地让程序开发人员开发出更高品质的、经过完整测试的程序。文中介绍了测试驱动开发思想,对测试驱动开发过程给出了清晰的流程,总结了测试驱动开发的多种模式。最后介绍了如何用JUnit进行测试驱动开发。     

UML技术应用探讨

采用可视化建模技术UML，根据中共的日常管理，将需求表示为用况，按照类和子系统来创建用况实现并据此实现构件，并将构件集成到每次用况实现集合的增量结果中，提出切实可行的中共党员动态管理设计方案。     

采用RUP的软件开发方法

RUP,即Rational统一过程,它是以构架为中心,采用用况驱动的、迭代和增量的软件开发过程,它解决了因软件系统在规模、复杂性、分布和重要性上不断扩张带来的一系列的技术和组织上的问题。文中以一个用ASP.NET开发的B/S模式校务管理系统的解决方案为例,概要介绍了采用RUP的软件开发方法。通过实施RUP,使软件开发的过程成为一个受控迭代过程,大大降低了软件开发的风险,并使软件更加完善和强壮。     

采用RUP的软件开发方法

RUP,即Rational统一过程,它是以构架为中心,采用用况驱动的、迭代和增量的软件开发过程,它解决了因软件系统在规模、复杂性、分布和重要性上不断扩张带来的一系列的技术和组织上的问题.文中以一个用ASP.NET开发的B/S模式校务管理系统的解决方案为例,概要介绍了采用RUP的软件开发方法.通过实施RUP,使软件开发的过程成为一个受控迭代过程,大大降低了软件开发的风险,并使软件更加完善和强壮.     

基于UML的流程管理引擎系统需求分析

电子商务的发展促进了计算机化的流程管理系统的发展。流程管理引擎系统(PNES)是流程管理系统的支持引擎。本文简要介绍了UML和Use Casee的特点，以及使用Use Case对PMES系统进行有效的需求分析，并由用例驱动整个开发过程。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate