基于分形理论的SAR图像分割

SAR(合成孔径雷达)图像包含有相干斑噪声,传统方法不能很好对其进行分割,文章将SAR图像的特点和分形理论相结合,提出了一种新的SAR图像分割方法。该方法首先对原始SAR图像每个像元为中心取两种不同窗口,计算在该两种窗口下基于区域自选的分形维数并求均值,将其作为分形纹理特征。然后根据SAR图像噪声在小波域中的分布特点对SAR图像进行滤波,最后以SAR图像分形纹理特征和滤波后的灰度组成特征向量对SAR图像进行分割。实验结果分析表明,该方法是一种有效的SAR图像分割方法。     

基于模糊理论的SAR图像分割算法研究与实现

SAR图像存在强烈的相干斑噪声,传统方法不能很好对其分割。文章基于模糊理论,通过选择图像特征,构造模糊集,借助最大隶属度原则进行了SAR图像分割算法的设计,并借助SAR图像分别进行了参数调节和窗口选择的实验,获得了满意的分割结果。实验结果表明,该算法对于SAR图像分割可行有效。     

基于模糊理论的SAR图像分割算法研究与实现

SAR图像存在强烈的相干斑噪声,传统方法不能很好对其分割。文章基于模糊理论,通过选择图像特征,构造模糊集,借助最大隶属度原则进行了SAR图像分割算法的设计,并借助SAR图像分别进行了参数调节和窗口选择的实验,获得了满意的分割结果。实验结果表明．该算法对于SAR图像分割可行有效。     

SAR图像分割的改进参数核图割方法

针对合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像的分割问题,提出一种改进的参数核图割方法。对参数核图割方法中的能量函数进行改进,在核空间中考虑分段常数模型,并实现目标函数的空间核化。SAR图像的分割通过能量函数的最小化实现,由不动点迭代估计区域参数,并由图割模型逐步最小化能量函数实现SAR图像的分割。为验证改进参数核图割方法的分割效果,对自然图像进行分割,结果表明,其分割精度达到83%,比参数核图割方法提高了11%。真实SAR图像的分割结果验证了该方法对SAR图像的分割结果优于参数核图割方法。     

基于边缘检测的SAR图像自适应区域分割

受相干斑噪声影响,合成孔径雷达（Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR）图像成像质量低,目标判读困难。针对传统方法对SAR图像分割存在噪声敏感、细节缺失、过度分割等问题,提出一种基于边缘检测的SAR图像自适应区域分割方法。首先引入双边滤波构建级联滤波器,对SAR图像进行保边抑噪;然后建立基于纹理复杂度的阈值估算模型,实现阈值自适应目标SAR图像边缘检测;最后提出基于边缘特征的自适应区域生长分割方法,较好解决了传统区域生长算法对SAR图像分割时出现的过度生长和过度分割之间的矛盾问题。该方法综合利用了SAR图像二维熵、边缘灰度信息、区域灰度信息,实现了对单极化目标SAR图像的自动分割。实验表明,相较于其他传统分割方法,该方法保边抑噪能力更强,目标细节检测更准确,较好解决了SAR图像过分割问题。     

一种新的SAR图像无监督分割方法

马尔可夫随机场（MRF）在SAR图像分割中有着广泛的应用。由于合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像本身所固有的相干斑噪声的影响,传统方法很难获得准确的分割,因此提出了一种新的基于MRF（Markov Random Field）融合Gaussian-Hermite矩（GHM）的SAR图像无监督分割算法。利用Gaussian-Hermite矩的不同阶矩作为SAR图像特征得到初始分割;将得到的初始分割结果作为MRF随机场的先验模型,通过引入一个基于两成分权重参数的能量函数,利用最大后验概率（MAP）得到最终的分割结果。通过对合成图像及SAR图像分割实验结果的比较,表明了该方法在误分率、抗噪性以及视觉效果上具有更好的效果。     

多区域SAR图像分割的改进水平集方法

由于合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像易受相干斑噪声的影响,光学图像的分割方法并不适用于SAR图像,更不能获得精确的分割结果对比,因此,首先基于GA^0统计模型定义能量映射函数以代替像素值进行后续处理,减小相干斑的影响;其次,使用水平集算法对处理后的图像进行分割处理,选用了一种形式更为简单的水平集函数,并可以较容易地推广到多区域SAR图像分割情况。实验结果表明,该方法可以减少相干斑噪声对SAR图像分割过程的不良影响,具有较好的准确性。     

基于MAR模型的SAR图像的聚类分割

合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像中的斑点噪声是SAR图像处理困难的主要原因,如何抑制斑点噪声及图像处理一直是SAR图像研究的热点。根据SAR图像的成像机理,采用能够描述不同尺度（分辨率）下固有特性的多尺度自回归（MAR）模型,提出一种有效的多尺度抑制斑点噪声和分割方法。首先对SAR图像多分辨率序列建立MAR模型,然后依据模型对SAR图像抑制斑点噪声,重构,最后用Ward聚类分割方法对SAR图像进行分割、比较。     

基于小波变换的SAR图像分割

SAR(合成孔径雷达)图像包含有相干斑噪声，传统方法不能很好地对SAR图像进行分割，该文结合SAR图像和小波变换多分辨分析的特点，提出了一种新的SAR图像分割方法。首先利用小波变换提取SAR图像的纹理特征信息，然后根据SAR图像噪声在小波域中的分布特点对SAR图像进行滤波，最后以SAR图像小波能量纹理特征和滤波后的灰度组成特征向量对SAR图像进行分割。实验结果表明，该方法是一种有效的SAR图像分割方法。     

基于知识的SAR图像机场目标提取方法

分析了SAR图像中机场成像的特点，并根据分析得出的机场SAR成像知识，提出了一种新的SAR图像机场提取方法。该方法利用SAR图像机场目标回波弱的特性，对模糊C-均值聚类方法进行改善，并运用改善后的方法进行机场分割，利用Hough变换和区域增长对分割后的图像进行机场提取，定义了“区域对比度”，利用SAR图像机场目标和其周围具有高区域对比度的知识，消除提取后的机场所附带的噪声。试验证明，这种新的方法可以得到很好的提取结果，能够满足SAR图像机场提取的要求。     

基于灰度共生矩阵纹理特征的SAR图像分割

同时考虑SAR图像局部灰度均值和方差及像素空间分布特征等统计量,在以灰度共生矩阵产生的纹理统计量为特征所生成的图像上,建立多分辨双Markov-GAR模型,采用多分辨MPM的参数估计方法及相应的无监督分割算法,对SAR图像进行纹理分割。该方法用于一些高分辨SAR图像,其分割精度及分割边缘的平滑度均优于基于灰度图像上的多分辨双Markov-GAR模型纹理分割。     

一种基于纹理特征融合的SAR图像分割方法

在由若干灰度共生矩阵纹理统计量进行特征融合后所生成的图像上,定义多分辨双Markov-GAR模型,采用多分辨MPM参数估计方法及相应的无监督分割算法,对SAR图像进行纹理分割。该方法既利用了像素的灰度信息,也利用了像素的空间位置信息,削弱了斑点噪声对分割的影响。实验表明对于一些高分辨SAR图像,该方法与单纯基于灰度图像上的多分辨双Markov-GAR模型纹理分割相比,分割精度得以提高。     

A two-stage method for oil slick segmentation

In this paper we propose a two-stage algorithm for oil slick segmentation in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. In the first stage, we propose a new variational model to reduce speckles in non-textured SAR images. Applications to simulated and real SAR images show that the method is well balanced in the quality of the conventional criteria. Then, in the second stage, we use the fast Chan–Vese (CV) model and the level set method to segment the oil slick in the de-speckled SAR image. The additive operator splitting (AOS) scheme is used in the numerical implementation to improve computational efficiency. Experimental results show that our two-stage algorithm is effective for oil slick segmentation in SAR images.     

A novel multi-scale level set method for SAR image segmentation based on a statistical model

To overcome the problems of large data volumes and strong speckle noise in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, a multi-scale level set approach for SAR image segmentation is proposed in this article. Because the multi-scale analysis of SAR images preserves their highest resolution features while additionally making use of sets of images at lower resolutions to improve specific functions, the proposed method is useful for removing the influence of speckle and, at the same time, preserving important structural information. The Gamma distribution is one of the most commonly used models employed to represent the statistical characteristics of speckle noise in a SAR image and it is introduced to define the energy functional. Moreover, based on the multi-scale level set framework, an improved multi-layer approach is introduced for multi-region segmentation. To obtain a fast and more accurate result, a novel threshold segmentation result is used to represent the initial segmentation curve. The experiments with synthetic and real SAR images demonstrate the effectiveness of the new method.     

Perceptual hashing for SAR image segmentation

Image segmentation is an important step in the implementation of the interpretation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image due to speckle. This article proposes a SAR image segmentation method based on perceptual hashing. The new algorithm is divided into two phases. The first phase is to obtain initial regions with multi-thresholding based on histogram after reducing the speckle noise. The initial regions are used as input data. And the next phase is to merge regions according to the similarity between regions. In this phase, to segment SAR image effectively, the proposed hashing algorithm is used to obtain hash value and similarity between regions, which preserve the texture features of SAR images. In addition, we can obtain a smooth segmentation result by reducing the redundant information with principal component analysis. Furthermore, morphological methods are used to eliminate the uneven background in the segmentation results. These improvements make our algorithm more effective to segment the images with high speed. The experimental results of four real and one synthetic SAR images verify the efficiency of our algorithm.     

Fast algorithm based on triplet Markov fields for unsupervised multi-class segmentation of SAR images

Non-Gaussian triplet Markov fields (TMF) model is suitable for dealing with multi-class segmentation of non-stationary and non-Gaussian synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images.Considering the complexity of the model and algorithm,as well as the requirement of real-time,and robust and efficient processing of SAR images,a fast algorithm based on TMF for unsupervised multi-class segmentation of SAR images is proposed in this paper.For the speckle noise in SAR images,numerical characteristic,threshold selection a...     

High-resolution SAR images segmentation using NSCT denoising and QIGA based parameters selection of PCNN model

The high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images usually contain inhomogeneous coherent speckle noises. For the high-resolution SAR image segmentation with such noises, the conventional methods based on pulse coupled neural networks (PCNN) have to face heavy parameters with a low efficiency. In order to solve the problems, this paper proposes a novel SAR image segmentation algorithm based on non-subsampling Contourlet transform (NSCT) denoising and quantum immune genetic algorithm (QIGA) improved PCNN models. The proposed method first denoising the SAR images for a pre-processing based on NSCT. Then, by using the QIGA to select parameters for the PCNN models, such models self-adaptively select the suitable parameters for segmentation of SAR images with different scenes. This method decreases the number of parameters in the PCNN models and improves the efficiency of PCNN models. At last, by using the optimal threshold to binary the segmented SAR images, the small objects and large scales from the original SAR images will be segmented. To validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, four different comparable experiments are applied to validate the proposed algorithm. Experimental results have shown that NSCT pre-processing has a better performance for coherent speckle noises suppression, and QIGA-PCNN model based on denoised SAR images has an obvious segmentation performance improvement on region consistency and region contrast than state-of-the-arts methods. Besides, the segmentation efficiency is also improved than conventional PCNN model, and the level of time complexity meets the state-of-the-arts methods. Our proposed NSCT+QIGA-PCNN model can be used for small object segmentation and large scale segmentation in high-resolution SAR images. The segmented results will be further used for object classification and recognition, regions of interest extraction, and moving object detection and tracking.

     

A segmentation algorithm for SAR images based on the anisotropic heat diffusion equation

A method toward unsupervised segmentation of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images is proposed. In this method, the distribution of SAR intensity image and the maximum a posteriori (MAP) algorithm is used to obtain an initial segmentation. Then according to the equivalence between the solid heat diffusion model and image scale-space, multiscale anisotropic smoothing of the posterior probability matrixes is introduced to remove the influence of speckle and to preserve important structure information. The effectiveness of this algorithm is demonstrated by application to simulated and real SAR images.     

Research Progress of Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Segmentation

Image segmentation is an indispensable part for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image automatic interpretation.Segmentation results with high-quality are the guarantee of SAR image applications.In addition,owing to the development of SAR sensors,the segmentation task based on SAR image has been widely concerned in recent years.However,compared with the optical images,the unique properties of SAR images lead to great challenge in SAR image segmentation.With the development of pattern recognition,machine learning,remote sensing technology and other related techniques,SAR image segmentation has made great progress.This paper reviews the progress of SAR image segmentation,and then puts its emphasis on the summary of the widely used algorithms：FCM,MRF,statistical model,region information,level set,multi-scale and deep learning,etc.Finally,several viewpoints for the future research of SAR image segmentation are proposed.