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1.
呼吸机对阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症OSAS(Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome)的治疗安全有效,其与患者的顺应性是决定治疗效果和呼吸舒适性的关键因素。根据压差传感器采集到的呼吸信号波形的特点,提出一种实时检测睡眠呼吸暂停SA(Sleep Apnea)和判断阻塞的方法,其结果可用于自适应地调节呼吸机输出气流压力大小。将此方法同时应用于ResMed呼吸机与自行设计呼吸机进行对比实验,结果表明该方法实时有效,可以有效提高治疗的顺应性。 相似文献
2.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(Obstructive Sleep Apnea,OSA)是成年人较为常见的呼吸类疾病之一,该疾病的特点是睡眠过程中频繁出现上气道完全或部分塌陷,严重影响人们的睡眠质量以及身体健康。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的诊断主要依靠多导睡眠监测,但这种方法无法满足目前大量的诊断需求。随着人工智能的出现及发展,假设深度学习可以有效地协助医生进行诊断该综合征。主要从阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的临床诊断方式出发,介绍了颅面侧位片作为诊断数据集的优势,以及人工智能诊断OSA的现状,提出了人工智能辅助医师诊断OSA的技术路线,分析了目前该诊断系统仍然存在的问题和挑战。 相似文献
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研究呼吸机的优化控制问题.不同人在不同姿势,不同身体状态下,所需的持续气道正压通气压力不同,同一个病人在不同情况下需要的压力值也不是一个恒定的数值,变化过程具有很强的非线性.传统的PID控制算法很难做到精确调节系数变量以适应这些复杂的压力动态需求,造成压力控制模型稳定性极差,对呼吸机的压力控制不稳.为了避免上述缺陷,提出了一种用PID复合控制算法的CPAP呼吸机优化控制方法.根据病人的身体状态参数,计算呼吸机适应性参数,根据CPAP呼吸机运行状态参数,建立呼吸机压力控制模型,从而实现CPAP呼吸机的优化控制.实验结果表明,利用提出的算法能够完成CPAP呼吸机的优化控制,提高了呼吸机压力控制的稳定性. 相似文献
4.
睡眠呼吸暂停综合症(SAS)是一种发病率极高的睡眠呼吸疾病,严重影响人的睡眠质量;针对目前SAS的检测尚未普及,研究了一种家用简易型的检测方法;通过实时采集被测者的呼吸信号,利用LabVIEW对信号进行分析处理判断发生睡眠呼吸暂停的情况,呼吸暂停每小时出现5次以上或7小时的睡眠中出现30次以上,即诊断为患有SAS,经实验证明该方法可实现对SAS的初步筛查;通过互联网,可使医护人员对被测者进行远程监护,该方法对SAS的预防和早期诊断具有重要价值. 相似文献
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腕表式睡眠呼吸暂停监测系统设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
设计了一种便携的腕表式睡眠呼吸暂停监测系统,避免了住院监测带来的高费用和低舒适度.以STM32为处理核心,通过控制传感器,实时监测用户的呼吸气流、血氧饱和度、心电图和胸腹运动情况,判断是否发生了呼吸暂停,记录并显示整晚呼吸暂停的总次数,同时将所测生理参数通过低功耗蓝牙发送到智能手机或平板应用程序,供医生进一步分析.将系统与标准多导睡眠仪测试结果对比,两者测得的呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)相关性和一致性较好.系统简便实用、测量结果可靠,扩大了睡眠呼吸暂停综合征的筛查人群. 相似文献
6.
睡眠-呼吸暂停综合症危及人体呼吸睡眠质量,影响人体血液氧含量,加重人体大脑、肌肉等组织缺氧风险。临床上,传统呼吸暂停综合征治疗中,由于时间和场地限制,医生往往只能根据病人或其家属口述判断病情,无法对患者的呼吸状况及治疗方案效果做出直观的评价。为了方便记录患者睡眠呼吸状况,提出了一种基于声音采集方案的睡眠呼吸监测系统,以驻极体式声音传感器为采样前端,结合STM32平台和Fatfs文件系统实现呼吸声音的采集和存储,采用阈值分割法借助Matlab进行数据处理。结果表明,本系统可实现对监测数据的存储、读取、分析和波形显示。该系统便于使用、精度高、工作稳定可靠,可直观的反映出病人睡眠呼吸状况,呼吸频率计算值与实际值误差在10%以内,具有较高的临床应用价值。 相似文献
7.
一、简介: 睡眠呼吸监测装置是一种对于病人生命安全的监护设备,主要用来对打鼾的人或新生儿在睡眠时出现呼吸困难甚至窒息现象进行全夜的长时间呼吸监测。通过监测病人出现呼吸暂停的程度,可以初步判断病人是否患有睡眠呼吸暂停症或呼吸障碍。当病人出现危及生命的窒息现象时,该装置还可以自动报警。这个监测装置主要由呼吸传感器、接口电路、DP801单片机三部分组成。 相似文献
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关喜峰 《计算机应用与软件》2021,38(4):101-105,203
针对新型战机高空高速俯冲及俯冲转平飞情况下带来的座舱压力控制难题,提出一种飞机座舱压力专家模糊PID预控方法。在飞机高速俯冲时,基于压力调节系统时间延迟及飞机高度变化率改进常规模糊PID控制策略并提高座舱压力调整速度;在飞机状态转换时,利用专家控制器根据知识库及状态转换时间预测调整模糊PID控制策略,并引入重置机制以改善调整性能。经过知识库的动态学习,得出飞机状态转换时,采用模糊PID控制、模糊预控、重置PID控制参数的专家控制策略具有最佳的控制效果的结论。通过仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。 相似文献
11.
针对患者进行缓慢呼吸训练时,难以适应慢呼吸节奏问题,提出了反馈控制-自调整模型提高患者适应性.通过反馈控制信号和自调整算法,生成后续引导呼吸信号;设计了反馈控制的自调整慢呼吸训练降压系统.呼吸传感器采集呼吸波,经呼吸率(BPM)检测算法、反馈-自调整模型,生成引导信号于7 in ISP显示屏指引呼吸.通过WM8960解码播放提示音乐,引导患者慢呼吸训练.经10名高血压患者进行累计100次慢呼吸训练,结果表明:随着训练次数增加,患者平均呼吸率从(15.16±0.92)次/min降低到(9.40±0.29)次/min,逐渐趋于慢呼吸状态.设计的降压系统能有效引导高血压患者进行慢呼吸训练. 相似文献
12.
Coupling patterns between spontaneous rhythms and respiration in cardiovascular variability signals 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
We performed a quantitative study of coupling patterns between respiration and spontaneous rhythms of heart rate and blood pressure variability signals by using the Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA). We applied RQA to both simulated and experimental data obtained in control breathing at three different frequencies (0.25, 0.20, and 0.13 Hz) from ten normal subjects. RQA succeeded in quantifying different degrees of non-linear coupling associated to several interference patterns. We found higher degrees of non-linear coupling when the respiratory frequency was close to the spontaneous Low Frequency (LF) rhythm (0.13 Hz), or almost twice the LF frequency (0.2 Hz), whereas weaker coupling was observed when the respiratory frequency was 0.25 Hz. Clinical applications of our approach should focus on new experimental protocols, featuring the stimulation of one of the two branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) or aimed at the analysis of pathologies linked to the ANS. 相似文献
13.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a very common, but a difficult sleep disorder to diagnose. Recurrent obstructions form in the airway during sleep, such that OSA can threaten a breathing capacity of patients. Clinically, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most specific and effective treatment for this. In addition, these patients must be separated according to its degree, with CPAP treatment applied as a result. In this study, 30 OSA patients from two different databases were automatically classified using electrocardiogram (ECG) data, identified as mild, moderate, and severe. One of the databases was original recordings which had 9 OSA patients with 8303 epochs and the other one was Physionet benchmark database which had 21 patients with 20,824 epochs. Fifteen morphological features could be identified when apnea was seen, both before and after it presented. Five data groups in total for first dataset and second dataset were prepared with these features and 10-fold cross validation was used to effectively determine the test data. Then, sequential backward feature selection (SBFS) algorithm was applied to understand the more effective features. The prepared data groups were evaluated with artificial neural networks (ANN) to obtain optimum classification performance. All processes were repeated for ten times and error deviation was calculated for the accuracy. Furthermore, different classifiers which are frequently used in the literature were tested with selected features. The degree of OSA was estimated from three epochs in pre-apnea data, yielding the success rates of 97.20 ± 2.15% and 90.18 ± 8.11% with the SBFS algorithm for the first and second datasets, respectively. Also, SVM classifier followed ANN system in the success rates of 96.23 ± 3.48% and 88.75 ± 8.52% for used datasets. 相似文献
14.
In this paper, a treatment of respiratory disorders with brushless DC motor (BLDC) driven positive airway pressure (PAP) respirator is developed. The proposed schema of the system consists of a BLDC motor driven blower fan aided by a MEMS capacitive type pressure sensor to measure respiration rate (RR). To measure the respiration rate, the array of such sensors are mounted below right nostril (RN) and left nostril (LN), in such a way that the nasal airflow during inspiration and expiration impinge on the sensor diaphragms directly. Due to irregularities in nasal airflow in some respiratory diseases, the RR varies from the normal rate (12–20). Thus, a supporting airflow regulatory system has been designed to reduce abnormalities in RR. The supporting system consists of a positive airway pressure (PAP) respirator with a blower fan to relieve patients breathing abnormalities. The MEMS based RR sensors help to monitor patients breathing rate continuously and finally maintain the required air pressure/flow by regulating the rpm of the blower fan through BLDC motor drive. In order to implement such a control action, we have chosen the sensorless drive of BLDC motor to construct a transportable as well as noise immune system. An algorithm has been developed to sustain normal RR for both bradypnea (RR < 12) and trachypnea (RR > 20), which puts into operation through ATmega 328 to facilitate high level precision controlled action. The control system alongwith the sensory part occupies limited space in few centimeters with light weight. As a result, the electronics of the whole system can be easily mounted at the outer surface of the tube connected with the nasal mask. The scheme of such a portable and cost effective system is described in this present work. 相似文献
15.
The requirements to maintain a positive pressure with respiratory protection during heavy exercise and the effects on ventilation and feelings of discomfort were investigated. Eight male subjects participated, using the respirator system during rest and exercise at about 80% of their individual maximum power. A blower was used at maximum and medium capacity and at two pressure levels (3 and 15 mbar). Additionally, the mouth pressure was used as a feedback for the blower. The blower decreased the fraction of the breathing cycle with negative pressures from 50% (SD 4%) to 15% (SD 10%) during exercise. Negative pressures occurred at all settings of the blower during exercise. Thus, the currently available commercial blower systems do not supply a sufficient airflow to maintain a positive pressure during heavy exercise. Positive pressure breathing did not affect the ventilation and the circulation. But the oxygen consumption was higher with the blower and respirator than without. 相似文献
16.
针对传统烘干设备存在效率低、箱体分离等问题,提出了一种基于西门子S7-300 PLC的呼吸法真空烘干法,并设计了呼吸法真空烘干控制系统。系统以管路加热和箱体加热为基础,利用WINCC、MP-277 HMI触摸屏和S7-300 PLC结合对所采集的温度信号进行分析,然后依次完成烘干箱加热、吹除和抽真空等工作流程。最后将压力、温度和时间等运行参数保存至工控上位机上。经现场调试,本设计方案可行、稳定,具有一定的实用性。 相似文献
17.
安全高效矿井监控关键技术研究 总被引:10,自引:9,他引:1
提出安全高效矿井应采用先进可靠的监控技术,实现供电、排水、通风、压风、运输、提升、瓦斯抽采等固定岗位无人值守和地面远程控制,综采、综放等采煤工作面少人作业和地面远程控制;提出供电、排水、通风、压风、运输、提升、瓦斯抽采等监控系统应具有地面远程控制功能;提出具有远程控制、报警联动、调度指挥等功能的煤矿调度指挥控制中心;提出整合计算机网络机房、程控交换机机房、调度交换机机房、监控系统机房等的数据中心;提出基于煤层瓦斯压力和瓦斯含量、综合指标、钻屑瓦斯解吸指标、复合指标、R值指标、瓦斯涌出量(根据瓦斯体积分数和风量计算)、巷道位置、微震、地音、温度等及其变化的煤与瓦斯突出预警方法;提出基于WiFi的矿用无线传输接口,以便于互通互联;提出通过分布式光纤测温预警煤炭自然发火,较通过监测CO等煤炭自然发火标志气体更直接、更及时、更可靠;提出根据运煤量实时调整输送带速度:当煤量较小时降低输送带运行速度,当煤量较大时提高输送带运行速度,以提高运输效率,减少设备磨损;提出基于光纤综合保护的供电监控系统具有防越级跳闸、地面远程整定和地面远程控制功能,提高了煤矿供电的可靠性,可实现煤矿井下机电硐室无人值守;提出具有煤岩识别与滚筒自动调高,采煤机、刮板机、液压支架3机联动,记忆割煤,地面远程、顺槽近程、手动控制和紧急停机,放顶煤量和煤矸控制,采煤机和刮板机等大型机电设备故障诊断等功能的采煤工作面监控系统。 相似文献
18.
《Advanced Robotics》2013,27(10):1115-1133
We propose a dynamic turning control system for a quadruped robot that uses non-linear oscillators. It is composed of a spontaneous locomotion controller and voluntary motion controller. We verified the mechanical capabilities of the dynamic turning motion of the proposed control system through numerical simulations and hardware experiments. Various turning speeds and orientations made the motion of the robot asymmetrical in terms of the duty ratio, stride and center of pressure. The proposed controller actively and adaptively controlled redundant degrees of freedom to cancel out dynamic asymmetry, and established stable turning motion at various locomotion speeds and turning orientations. 相似文献
19.
A mouth-borne heat and moisture exchanger (HME) was tested. Nine healthy subjects performed an incremental-load cycle ergometry test to exhaustion, breathing once through the HME and once through a similar device without heat-exchange function (control). HME substantially increased inspired gas temperatures and decreased expired gas temperatures measured at the mouth; at 260 W (pulmonary ventilation (VE) approximately 1001 min-1) these changes amounted to + 15 degrees C and -5 degrees C, respectively. The breathing resistance was increased by HME but remained well within tolerable levels even during severe exercise. This was reflected in the subjective assessments of breathing resistance and breathing discomfort which, at any given workload, were rated similarly in the HME and control conditions. Also, time to exhaustion as well as oxygen uptake and VE at a given workload were unaffected by HME. That even at high pulmonary ventilations HME provided a good heat-exchange function while keeping breathing resistance relatively low suggests HME to be a useful aid for individuals suffering from cold-induced bronchospasm. 相似文献
20.
针对供氧面罩防窒息活门性能检测,及其对人体呼吸模式影响的研究需求,研制了多参数采集、分析及统计一体的供氧面罩防窒息活门测试系统。该系统基于CompactDAQ平台,以面罩压、通气流量信号采集为基础,采用LabVIEW软件开发,可对开启压力、吸气阻力、通气流量峰值、潮气量、呼吸频率等参数进行分析统计。通过实验验证,该系统具备了对防窒息活门主要性能检测,及人体呼吸参数分析统计的能力。该系统便于携带,扩展性强,人机界面友好,运行可靠,较好的满足了防窒息活门检测、研究的需求,同时该系统的设计方法为供氧面罩其他性能参数的检测的提供了一种思路 相似文献