基于梯度方向和强度直方图的红外行人检测

由于梯度方向直方图(HOG)特征很难区分与行人具有相似轮廓的物体,并且未能较好利用红外图像中行人轮廓内部的亮度信息。为此,提出一种新的特征——梯度方向和强度直方图(HOGI),将其应用于红外行人检测中。通过支持向量机(SVM)融合多特征的方法,避免多特征串联时维度过高的问题。实验结果表明,与HOG相比,HOGI在不增加特征维度和计算量的情况下,漏报率平均降低50%左右。通过基于滑动窗搜索法对实际红外图像进行检测发现,HOGI+SVM方法比HOG+SVM方法具有更好的检测效果。     

HOG在人脸识别中的性能研究

介绍梯度方向直方图(HOG)人脸识别算法,设计基于脸部识别技术人脸库的HOG人脸识别实验,以测试不同HOG参数对人脸识别的影响,从而进行最优参数设置。实验结果表明,HOG特征在行人检测和人脸识别上对梯度方向空间和区间的选择是一致的,不同分块模式对人脸识别的影响与行人检测不同,HOG特征描述子用较少的特征维数就能有效地表达人脸,采用块内标准化方式后,识别性能有大幅度提升。     

一种自适应加权HOG特征的人脸识别算法

为了提高人脸识别在复杂条件下的识别率,提出一种基于自适应加权梯度方向直方图特征（AW-HOG）的人脸识别方法。该方法首先将人脸图像分成均匀子块,并利用HOG描述算子提取分块人脸特征,根据各分块对识别的贡献率自适应地计算各分块的权重,然后融合权重系数以及各分块的HOG特征,形成AW-HOG特征并采用主成分分析（PCA）算法进行降维,最后利用支持向量机（SVM）进行分类识别。在Yale B 以及AR标准人脸库上的实验结果表明,提出的人脸识别方法在识别率上优于传统算法且对光照具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于韦伯梯度方向直方图的人脸识别算法

针对传统人脸识别算法在姿态、表情和光照等变化下而引起识别效果不佳的问题,提出一种韦伯梯度方向直方图人脸识别算法（HWOG）。利用差动激励提取图像的结构和纹理信息,利用HOG算子提取原始图像的边缘特征,分块统计直方图特征信息,将所有分块的直方图串接得到人脸图像HWOG特征,用最近邻分类器进行分类。在YALE人脸库、ORL人脸库上和CAS-PEAL-R1进行实验,实验结果表明所提算法能有效提高识别率,且对光照、表情和姿态变化有较好的鲁棒性。     

Face recognition using spectral features

Face recognition is a challenging task in computer vision and pattern recognition. It is well-known that obtaining a low-dimensional feature representation with enhanced discriminatory power is of paramount importance to face recognition. Moreover, recent research has shown that the face images reside on a possibly nonlinear manifold. Thus, how to effectively exploit the hidden structure is a key problem that significantly affects the recognition results. In this paper, we propose a new unsupervised nonlinear feature extraction method called spectral feature analysis (SFA). The main advantages of SFA over traditional feature extraction methods are: (1) SFA does not suffer from the small-sample-size problem; (2) SFA can extract discriminatory information from the data, and we show that linear discriminant analysis can be subsumed under the SFA framework; (3) SFA can effectively discover the nonlinear structure hidden in the data. These appealing properties make SFA very suitable for face recognition tasks. Experimental results on three benchmark face databases illustrate the superiority of SFA over traditional methods.     

基于非下采样contourlet梯度方向直方图的人脸识别

针对人脸识别系统准确度不高的问题,提出一种基于非下采样Contourlet梯度方向直方图(HNOG)的人脸识别算法。先对人脸图像进行非下采样Contourlet变换(NSCT),并将变换后的各系数矩阵进行分块,再计算各分块的梯度方向直方图(HOG),将所有分块的直方图串接得到人脸图像HNOG特征,最后用多通道最近邻分类器进行分类。在YALE人脸库、ORL人脸库上和CAS-PEAL-R1人脸库上的实验结果表明,人脸的HNOG特征有很强的辨别能力,特征维数较小,且对光照、表情、姿态的变化具有较好的鲁棒性。     

面向人脸识别的WPD-HOG金字塔特征提取方法

人脸识别技术可应用于各监控和安保领域,它涉及特征提取、识别模型等关键技术。其中特征提取方法直接影响识别效果,目前所用的特征提取方法存在特征表达不全面、计算复杂度高等问题。据此,提出一种基于WPD-HOG金字塔的人脸特征提取方法,该方法结合小波包分解（Wavelet Packet Decomposition,WPD）、图像金字塔以及方向梯度直方图（Histograms of Oriented Gradients,HOG）对人脸图像特征进行有效表征,最终将WPD-HOG金字塔特征通过SVM分类器进行分类。通过在ORL人脸库上进行实验,与四种对比方法HOG、HOG金字塔、FWPD-HOG以及FWPD-HOG金字塔进行比较,实验结果表明,WPD-HOG金字塔特征提取方法的识别率要高于对比方法,且在噪声方面具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于HOG的电梯人数统计方法研究

为了增强建筑工地专用电梯的安全性,防止超载,需要对电梯场景中的人体进行识别统计,鉴于各建筑工地均需要佩戴头盔才能进入的规定,提出一种通过统计电梯内佩戴头盔的人数判断是否超载的方法,算法首先提取电梯场景内的HOG特征,作为目标特征描述符;再利用SVM训练分类器进行目标识别,增强了识别率。实验结果表明该方法能对电梯内的人数进行准确计数,以达到人数超过最大承载量时进行实时报警的作用,具备较强的实用性。     

Face recognition using common faces method

In this paper, we propose a face recognition method called the commonface by using the common vector approach. A face image is regarded as a summation of a common vector which represents the invariant properties of the corresponding face class, and a difference vector which presents the specific properties of the corresponding face image such as face appearance, pose and expression. Thus, by deriving the common vector of each face class, the common feature of each person is obtained which removes the differences of face images belonging to the same person. For test face image, the remaining vector with each face class is derived with the similar procedure to the common vector, which is then compared with the common vector of each face class to predict the class label of query face by finding the minimum distance between the remaining vector and the common vector. Furthermore, we extend the common vector approach (CVP) to kernel CVP to improve the performance of CVP. The experimental results suggest that the proposed commonface approach provides a better representation of individual common feature and achieves lower error rates in face recognition.     

Face recognition using difference vector plus KPCA

In this paper, a novel approach for face recognition based on the difference vector plus kernel PCA is proposed. Difference vector is the difference between the original image and the common vector which is obtained by the images processed by the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization and represents the common invariant properties of the class. The optimal feature vectors are obtained by KPCA procedure for the difference vectors. Recognition result is derived from finding the minimum distance between the test difference feature vectors and the training difference feature vectors. To test and evaluate the proposed approach performance, a series of experiments are performed on four face databases: ORL, Yale, FERET and AR face databases and the experimental results show that the proposed method is encouraging.