基于物理的能量曲面造型方法构造过渡曲面

讨论了过渡曲面的生成问题,指出了半径过渡和PDE方法构造过渡面的局限性,提出了用基于物理的能量曲面造型方法构造过渡曲面的方法,特别是用于解决管状封闭非周期性曲面和其他曲面间的过渡问题。该文详细讨论了基于物理的能量曲面造型方法构造过渡曲面的原理及求解方法,并给出了飞行器的翼身过渡和三通过渡的实例。     

三角域上拟二次Bézier曲面片的构造及其应用

针对计算机辅助几何设计中三角曲面片造型方法进行了研究。在非多项式空间中构造了一组基函数,分析了该基函数的性质;利用七个控制顶点定义了相应的三角曲面片,由于该三角曲面片具有类似于三角域上二次Bézier曲面片的性质,故称其为拟二次Bézier三角曲面片;举例说明了拟二次Bézier三角曲面片不仅边界可以精确表示圆弧和椭圆弧,而且可以通过多引入的一个控制顶点实现在边界保持不变的情况下对曲面形状进行调节,同时,该曲面片可作为过渡曲面在三通管造型接口处实现光滑过渡。总之,拟二次Bézier三角曲面片在曲面造型与曲面设计中有较好的应用,可作为现有造型方法的有效补充。     

车身CAD/CAM扫描曲面的造型方法

本文介绍了与曲面造型方法有关的几个概念;从理论上阐述了扫描曲面的生成方法;重点论述了在汽车车身曲面造型中经常出现的各类扫描曲面的造型方法;最后介绍了扫描曲面的造型方法在实际车身零件曲面造型中的应用。     

Form Z系列风暴之(三)——曲面造型

众所周知,曲面是三维造型的一大难点,复杂曲面造型更是难上加难。FormZ在解决曲面造型方面提供了多种方法,有些方法很方便,很有效,这在微机平台上的三维造型软件中是不多见的。曲面造型方法优越是FormZ的主要特色之一,我们将对FormZ的主要曲面造型方法作一个概括性的介绍,以便初学者能够借助FormZ快速地掌握三维模型的曲面造型方法。     

车身覆盖件模具CAD/CAM曲面造型方法

曲面造型是实现车身覆盖件模具数控加工的基础。曲面造型合理与否将直接影响数控加工的质量。本文介绍了与曲面造型有关的参数曲线、参数曲面、等参数线等概念,并讨论了曲线参数化方法及各种曲面的造型方法,重点论述保证曲面参数对应性和曲面光顺性的方法。     

汽车曲面参数化造型优化仿真研究北大核心CSCD

对汽车曲面参数化造型进行优化,可提高汽车外观造型优化设计的质量。由于汽车造型曲面参数有多种,如有一个参数发生变化,汽车曲面造型容易发生变化。采用传统的方法对汽车曲面参数化造型设计时,主要通过建立车身曲面数学模型实现的,忽略了曲面参数之间的关联,导致设计误差大的问题。提出采用B样条理论的汽车曲面参数化造型设计方法。首先建立汽车车身曲面数学模型,依据给定的车身曲面型值点和边界条件反求出汽车车身曲面的特征网格点矩阵,其次,计算出汽车车身曲面的所有特征网格顶点,最后利用自由变形技术,将汽车曲面参数三维模型的六面体空间分配到固定的网格参数坐标,通过调整控制点促使模型产生变形效果,有效的实现汽车曲面参数化造型优化设计。仿真结果表明,改进的汽车曲面参数化造型设计方法有效的提升了汽车造型设计的效率。     

基于四边形网格的可调细分曲面造型方法

提出了一种基于四边形网格的可调细分曲面造型方法。该方法不仅适合闭域拓扑结构，且对初始网格是开域的也能进行处理。细分算法中引入了可调参数，增加了曲面造型的灵活性。在给定初始数据的条件下，曲面造型时可以通过调节参数来控制极限曲面的形状。该方法可以生成C1连续的细分曲面。试验表明该方法生成光滑曲面是有效的。     

基于卷积曲面的几何造型方法

卷积曲面是一种很有潜力的隐式曲面造型方法。由于卷积的可叠加性质，使得其生成的曲面很光滑，不会产生凸包和裂缝。卷积曲面造型是基于骨架的，其骨架可以是曲线或曲面，也可以以物体轮廓线为骨架原型来获取所需要的物体造型。在卷积造型的过程中，通过对骨架加权可以精细地控制结果曲面的形状。在介绍了卷积曲面造型的各类方法后，分析了其特点和发展方向。     

三角网格细分法在重建隧道三维结构中的应用

曲面造型一直是计算机图形学的重要研究内容之一。曲面的显示效果涉及到数据的存储结构及对数据的操作方法等多方面的知识。网格细分是曲面的一种表示方法,但却是目前广泛使用的一种曲面造型方法。而三角网格细分的许多算法已经成功地应用于许多领域。本文介绍了曲面造型的相关理论,重点介绍了Loop细分算法及其在重建隧道三维结构中应用。     

CATIA的二次开发技术及在模具中的应用

为解决三通管模具参数化设计的问题,介绍了在以Windows XP为操作系统的基于CAA组件应用架构的CATIA界面二次开发技术,研究了模具结构各组成元件的尺寸、位置参数化描述的方法。基于这些参数研究如何通过 CATIA二次开发方式自动生成三通管模具结构三维图以及从总体模型获取模具外形参数。在对三通管模具结构参数化描述的基础上,应用 Visual studio环境下CATIA二次开发技术,结合C++语言编程,实现三通管模具结构的参数化设计。     

Peristaltic transport of fractional Maxwell fluids in uniform tubes: Applications in endoscopy

This paper presents the effect of endoscope on peristaltic transport of fractional Maxwell fluids through the gap between two concentric uniform tubes under the assumptions of large wavelength and low Reynolds number. The inner tube is an endoscope and the outer tube has a sinusoidal wave traveling down its wall, i.e. the inner tube is rigid and outer tube is flexible. Solutions for the problem are obtained by two numerical methods named as homotopy perturbation method and variational iteration method. The impacts of endoscope, relaxation time and fractional parameters on pressure per wavelength and friction force (on inner and outer tubes) per wavelength are discussed with the help of computational results which are presented in graphical form. On the basis of the present study, it is revealed that pressure diminishes with increase in the magnitude of first fractional parameter, ratio of tube radii and relaxation time whereas it enhances with increasing the magnitude of second fractional parameter and amplitude ratio. The study further reveals the important fact that the effects of all pertinent parameters (except ratio of tube radii) on friction force at inner tube are similar in magnitude but opposite in direction to that of pressure and the effects of same parameters on friction force at outer tube are similar in magnitude but opposite in direction to that of pressure.     

ARX在岔管过渡段曲面CAD中的应用

ＡＲＸ是基于ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ进行ＣＡＤ软件开发的新一代开发工具。本文讨论了利用ＡＲＸ在ＡｕｔｏＣＡＤ ＲＭ上进行岔管过渡段曲面ＣＡＤ开发的方法。     

Geometrical modelling of soil bidirectional reflectance incorporating specular effects

A geometrical model, taking into account the diffuse, as well as the specular component of energy leaving soil surfaces in the visible and near-infrared, is discussed here. The model computes the bidirectional, reflectance of soils illuminated by a single source. A rough soil surface is simulated by equal-sized spheroids regularly spaced on a horizontal surface. The model was tested using soil bidirectional reflectance data obtained in laboratory conditions by Jacquemoud et al in 1992. Two parameters describing soil surface geometry were used for modelling the soil relalive reflectance in laboratory conditions: the relative distance (d/ a) between spheroids (relative to their horizontal radii ( a )and the shape of spheroids (b/ a) ( as proportion of their vertical (b) to horizontal radii (a)) The simulation of reflectance for soil surfaces of pebbles and sand, containing simple dense particles with rounded edges, can be carried out using the d/ a and b/ a ratios which nearly described their aclual geometry. The reflectance of more geometrically complicated soil surfaces, such as clay and peat with irregular secondary porous aggregates, can be simulated by surfaces of effective geometry of vertically elongated spheroids.     

Thermal annealing in hydrogen for 3-D profile transformation on silicon-on-insulator and sidewall roughness reduction

A fast, effective process using hydrogen annealing is introduced to perform profile transformation on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) and to reduce sidewall roughness on silicon surfaces. By controlling the dimensions of as-etched structures, microspheres with 1 /spl mu/m radii, submicron wires with 0.5 /spl mu/m radii, and a microdisk toroid with 0.2 /spl mu/m toroidal radius have been successfully demonstrated on SOI substrates. Utilizing this technique, we also observe the root-mean-square (rms) sidewall roughness dramatically reduced from 20 to 0.26 nm. A theoretical model is presented to analyze the profile transformation, and experimental results show this process can be engineered by several parameters including temperature, pressure, and time.     

Higher-Order Level-Set Method and Its Application in Biomolecular Surfaces Construction

We present a general framework for a higher-order spline level-set(HLS) method and apply this to biomolecule surfaces construction. Starting from a first order energy functional,we obtain a general level set formulation of geometric partial differential equation,and provide an efficient approach to solving this partial differential equation using a C2 spline basis. We also present a fast cubic spline interpolation algorithm based on convolution and the Z-transform,which exploits the local relationship of interpolatory cubic spline coefficients with respect to given function data values. One example of our HLS method is demonstrated,which is the construction of biomolecule surfaces(an implicit solvation interface) with their individual atomic coordinates and solvated radii as prerequisites.     

基于球B样条的3D人物角色建模与动画

提出一种新的人物角色的快速建模和动画的方法.通过使用球B样条实现以骨架为基础自动构建角色模型以及数据驱动的角色动画生成方法.给定人物角色骨架后,依据人体测量学根据骨骼长度计算出关节点处的半径.通过插值关节点以及半径生成球B样条曲线曲面表示的角色模型.根据所获取的运动数据(来自运动捕获),通过更新控制顶点来更新角色模型,从而实现角色的实时动画.     

用形状分布识别圆环体

给出了一种结合最小有向包围盒以及形状分布的识别圆环体及其参数的算法。首先建立基本体素的最小有向包围盒,对体素进行标准化;然后生成其D2形状分布曲线,计算此曲线分别与标准球体形状分布曲线、标准圆形状分布曲线的EMD(Earth Mover’s Distance)值以及相应的副半径;最后通过比较两个副半径的大小来判断此体素是否为圆环体,并由最小有向包围盒的边长给出圆环体的参数。该算法不需要任何交互操作,而且能够识别发生一定外形改变的圆环体,抗噪能力强。     

An Extended Rounding Operation for Modeling Solids with Free-Form Surfaces

An extended rounding operation can be an excellent tool for modeling solids with free-form surfaces. Using the rounding operation, the edges and vertices of a solid can be locally rounded, and those parts of the solid are changed to free-form surfaces. As a user, you put in information about edges that should be rounded and the radii of curves generated by the operation. This facility has been implemented in our solid modeling system, Desiqnbase.     

构造任意参数曲线曲面的简捷方法

本文探讨了用控制参量形式表示各种参数三次曲线、曲面和二次Ｂｅｚｉｅｒ、二次Ｂ－ｓｐｌｉｎｅ曲线、曲面的基函数统一表达式。采用改变控制参数取值的方法构造所需的各种曲线、曲面，为曲线，曲面造型提供了一种简捷的数学方法，还讨论了参量的不同取值所对应的不同种类曲线、曲面的几何特性。