热环境中超临界黏弹性输流管道自由振动分析

基于Euler-Bernoulli梁模型,本文研究了热环境中输流管道在超临界范围内流固耦合自由振动特性.考虑温度增量以及初始轴向拉力作用,在两端简支边界条件下,利用广义Hamilton原理建立输流管道横向振动偏微分-积分控制方程.通过解析方法得到输流管道非平凡静平衡位形及临界流速精确表达式,与微分求积单元法(DQEM)数值结果吻合较好.基于复模态法、结合伽辽金(Galerkin)法离散系统偏微分-积分控制方程,得到热环境下超临界输流管道的模态函数和固有频率.结果表明,温度增量越大,临界流速越小,此时的管道越容易屈曲,但相同流速下超临界管道固有频率越大;初始拉力越大,临界流速越大,相同流速下超临界固有频率越小.该研究可以为热环境中超临界状态下的管道系统振动设计提供理论指导.     

四边固支弹性矩形薄板的自由振动

首先弹性矩形薄板的动力学方程表示成为Hamilton正则方程,然后采用辛几何方法对全状态相变量进行分离变量,并利用得到的共扼辛正交归一关系,求出四边固支弹性矩形薄板的固有频率和振型的解析解表达式．由于在求解过程中不需要事先人为的选取挠度函数,而是从弹性矩形薄板的动力学基本方程出发,直接利用数学的方法求出可以满足四边固支边界条件下薄板的固有频率和振型的解析解表达式,使得问题的求解更加理论化和合理化．此外,还给出了计算实例来验证本文所采用的方法以及所推导出公式的正确性．     

复模态分析超临界轴向运动梁横向非线性振动

近似解析研究了简支边界条件下超临界轴向运动梁横向非线性自由振动的固有频率和模态函数.采用复模态方法处理控制方程,一个积分偏微分方程.将Galerkin截断思想用于近似处理线性化方程,一个含空间依赖系数的常微分方程.给出了不同截断项数对固有频率的影响.基于8项截断,讨论了系统参数对模态函数的影响.     

微型压电层合板结构的振动特性研究

从经典薄板理论出发,基于应变梯度理论,综合考虑尺寸效应和压电效应的影响,利用哈密顿原理建立了微型压电层合板结构的动力学模型及其边界条件.在选取符合其边界条件的模态函数后,利用Ritz法分别研究四边简支和悬臂条件下的微型压电层合板的振动特性,求解了前五阶固有频率并绘制了3D模态图.分析了微尺度带来的尺寸效应对于固有频率的影响,最后研究了外加电压对于系统固有频率的影响.     

粘弹性夹层圆板自由振动的理论解

研究了粘弹性夹层圆板的自由振动特性.基于经典弹性薄板理论和Kelvin-Voigt粘弹性本构方程,建立了粘弹性夹层圆板振动控制方程.采用分离变量法导出了粘弹性夹层圆板的自然频率及振型解析表达式,计算了固支和简支粘弹性夹层圆板的自然频率,并与有限元计算结果进行比较;讨论了粘弹性夹层圆板的夹心层比率对自然频率及衰减系数的影响.研究表明：（1）随着夹心层厚度的增大,系统频率先增大后减小,高阶时该趋势表现更为明显;（2）随着夹心层厚度的增大,衰减系数一直增大,高阶时该趋势表现更为明显.     

三阶剪切变形板的振动特性研究

对于中厚板或层合板而言,横向剪切变形的影响是显著的,采用三阶剪切变形理论比采用经典薄板理论和一阶剪切变形理论能更好的满足精度的要求,而且能更好地描述板的剪切变形和剪应力沿厚度方向的分布情况.本文用解析的方法研究了简支、自由和固定三种边界条件的任意组合下三阶剪切变形板的自由振动问题.首先应用哈密顿原理建立自由振动方程,再通过引入中间变量使得原来耦合的自由振动方程得到解耦和简化,基于分离变量法,利用边界条件得到基函数的表达式,利用Rayleigh-Ritz法,求得三阶剪切变形板在任意边界条件下的固有频率和振型.本文得到的结果可以为厚板在工程中的应用提供理论依据,具有较高的工程实际应用价值.     

有限元法的轴向运动梁的激励功率谱辨识

主要考虑弯曲变形的细长轴向运动梁,可以作为工程中广泛应用在航天器天线、液体输送管道、汽车驱动带、电梯缆索等的简化机构.对轴向运动柔性梁线性微分方程,采用复模态分析方法导出两端简支和固支边界条件下的固有频率方程;采用Ritz法建立轴向运动梁的有限单元法模型.基于该模型在多种边界条件下进行梁的横向振动分析,并开展定点激励下激励功率谱的辨识.仿真结果表明,与传统的Galerkin截断方法相比.有限元方法能够克服分析方法的建模困难,对复杂边界梁进行有效的分析,对激励的功率谱能够有效地辨识.     

分析两端扭转弹簧约束下简支输流管道的动力特性

研究了两端受扭转弹簧约束的简支输流管道的固有频率特性和静态失稳临界流速.根据梁模型横向弯曲振动模态函数,由端部支承和约束边界条件得到了其模态函数的一般表达式.根据动力方程的特征方程,具体分析了约束弹性刚度、流体压强、流速和管截面轴向力等参数对管道固有频率特性和静态失稳临界流速的影响.数值分析表明,约束弹性刚度的增大使管道的固有频率和失稳临界流速明显提高;流体流速、压强和管截面受到的轴向压力的增加使管道的固有频率和失稳临界流速降低.当管道的固有频率和失稳临界流速较低时,可以通过增加端部约束的方法来提高.     

基于6维并联机构的空间微振动模拟器动力学分析及测试

为了模拟空间飞行器上反作用飞轮等扰动设施产生的多维微小振动,设计了一种基于Gough-Stewart平台的空间微振动模拟器,并对微振动模拟器的动力学特性进行了研究.首先,利用牛顿-欧拉公式建立了微振动模拟器的动力学模型,该模型考虑了驱动腿和铰链的质量属性及负载质心偏心的情况;结合虚功原理推导出系统的广义刚度、阻尼及质量矩阵,得到求解微振动模拟器的固有频率及主振型的数学解析式.然后利用有限单元法及理论建模法对模拟器进行模态分析,得到微振动模拟器的前6阶固有频率及模态.仿真结果表明由理论模型及有限单元法得到的结果一致性较好.最后测试了该模拟器的刚度及固有频率特性.实验结果表明:理论方法及有限单元法分析得到的结果与测试值之间的误差不超过5%,验证了理论模型的合理性.得到了微振动模拟器的固有频率及振型数据,为后续设计及调试提供了依据.     

地铁车轮振动声辐射特性和车轮降噪

为降低地铁车轮振动噪声,建立车轮三维有限元模型实体网格,利用有限元法计算车轮的固有频率和模态振型;将径向单位力激励下的车轮表面振动速度作为边界条件,采用直接边界元法分析车轮振动声辐射特性;利用阻尼措施降低车轮辐射噪声.结果表明：轮辐和踏面是产生高频噪声的主要部位,在3 731.3 Hz的声功率级最高为69.2 dB(A),此频率下轮辐对总声压贡献最大;采用阻尼措施后声功率级最高值下降4.7 dB(A).数值仿真结果可以为低噪声车轮的研究提供参考.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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