基于攻击特征的自动证据筛选技术

为了自动获得入侵证据,提出一种基于攻击特征的自动证据筛选方法.其原理是首先根据被调查攻击的特征重构出攻击行为细节,并从中抽取筛选证据需要的"特征信息".然后,再根据候选数据与这些特征信息的匹配程度筛选出该攻击相关的证据.基于DARPA 2000的实验表明这种方法具有很高的准确率,其完备性更是接近100%.而与现有方法的...     

一种改进的攻击场景构建模型

攻击场景是指入侵者为达到入侵目的所采取的一系列攻击步骤。目前的攻击场景重构方法只基于入侵检测系统的报警消息,漏报和误报严重影响了攻击场景的准确重构。提出了证据支持度的概念,将日志关联融合到攻击场景重构的过程中,提出了一种新的攻击场景重构模型,有效地提高了攻击场景重构的准确度。     

基于场景重构与报警聚合的网络取证分析技术

提出一种包含报警标准化、去冗余、场景重构和报警聚合的网络取证分析方法. 通过去除失败攻击的报警, 减少了对证据分析的干扰. 在场景重构中, 通过反向关联, 减少了不必要的证据, 同时通过对孤立报警的补充, 保证了证据链的完整性. 在报警聚合中, 提出了聚合同一攻击步骤的不同报警的方法, 以抽象层和具体层两个层次重构入侵场景. 最后通过实验验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

基于场景和PN机的入侵检测研究

攻击者通过从一个攻击序列衍生出大量变种攻击序列来逃避基于规则及其它误用检测技术的检测.基于此,针对可序列化的入侵,从攻击机理入手,提取攻击的关键操作序列,构造入侵行为表达式,再对攻击序列进行拓扑排序和同构变换,以扩展形成一个入侵场景或一类入侵.进而提出了面向场景和检测一类入侵行为的方法,通过构建基于场景和检测一类入侵行为的PN(Petri Net)机来实现检测已知攻击及其未知变种攻击的目标.未知变种攻击也是一些新的攻击形态,因而从这种意义上说,该方法能检测到新的攻击行为.     

基于报警序列的入侵场景自动构建

传统的入侵检测系统(IDS)由于其规则的抽象程度较低,导致一次攻击行为会产生大量重复和相关报警.研究表明,入侵场景可提供较高层次的抽象来表示攻击过程,但是已有研究方法均无法在线生成入侵场景.提出一种自动构建入侵场景的方法,将原始报警按照(源,目标)IP对和优先级分类成不同超报警序列集合,从中挖掘频繁闭序列作为入侵场景.在Darpa数据集上的实验表明,该方法可以满足在线运行,并可有效发现攻击过程.     

基于行为时序逻辑的入侵取证研究

提出一种基于行为时序逻辑的入侵取证的形式化方法,其描述语言能够准确描述入侵证据、系统知识以及攻击行为,并具有在部分数据缺失的情况下进行非确定性推理的能力;其自动验证工具能够寻求额外的证据并可检查是否有可能的攻击与这些证据相符。实例研究表明,这种方法不依赖于具体的攻击技术和操作系统,不惧证据的缺失,能够有效搜寻更多的证据并重建可能的攻击场景。     

基于攻击图与报警相似性的混合报警关联模型

为了揭示入侵检测系统所生成的报警数据之间的关联关系和重构入侵攻击场景,提出了一种基于攻击图与报警数据相似性分析的混合报警关联模型。该模型结合攻击图和报警数据分析的优点,首先根据入侵攻击的先验知识定义初始攻击图,描述报警数据间的因果关联关系,再利用报警数据的相似性分析修正初始攻击图的部分缺陷,进而实现报警关联。实验结果表明,混合关联模型能够较好地恢复攻击场景,并能够完全修复攻击图中单个攻击步骤的缺失。     

基于攻击图与报警相似性的混合报警关联模型

为了揭示入侵检测系统所生成的报警数据之间的关联关系和重构入侵攻击场景,提出了一种基于攻击图与报警数据相似性分析的混合报警关联模型。该模型结合攻击图和报警数据分析的优点,首先根据入侵攻击的先验知识定义初始攻击图,描述报警数据间的因果关联关系,再利用报警数据的相似性分析修正初始攻击图的部分缺陷,进而实现报警关联。实验结果表明,混合关联模型能够较好地恢复攻击场景,并能够完全修复攻击图中单个攻击步骤的缺失。     

基于状态机的入侵场景重构关键技术研究

分析了现有的各种安全事件关联算法,提出了一种基于状态机的攻击场景重构技术.基于状态机的攻击场景重构技术将聚类分析和因果分析统一起来对安全事件进行关联处理,为每一种可能发生的攻击场景构建一个状态机,利用状态机来跟踪、记录攻击活动的发展过程,以此来提高关联过程的实时性和准确性.最后通过DARPA2000入侵场景测试数据集对所提出的技术进行了分析验证.     

面向入侵的取证系统框架*

在分析常见入侵攻击的基础上抽象出入侵过程的一般模式,提出针对入侵攻击的取证系统应满足的特征。提出了入侵取证模型,并基于这一取证模型在操作系统内核层实现了取证系统原型KIFS(kernel intrusionforensic system)。在对实际入侵的取证实验中,根据KIFS得到的证据,成功记录并重构了一个针对FreeBSD系统漏洞的本地提升权限攻击的完整过程。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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