金属酞菁的微波合成研究进展

微波合成与传统合成方法相比因具有效率高、节省能源、产品纯度高、安全等优点已被广泛应用。以金属酞菁的存在形式分类,分别从金属酞菁单体、金属酞菁聚合体、改性金属酞菁及金属酞菁复合材料4方面概述了近几年国内外对金属酞菁微波合成的研究进展,并与传统的合成方法进行了对比,展望了微波合成的发展前景。     

金属酞菁轴向配合物的合成及性质

综述了金属酞菁轴向配合物的合成方法 ,结构表征及其物理化学性质。金属酞菁轴向配合物的合成重点在于单体的合成。轴向配合物的合成通常有两种方法 :一种是通过金属酞菁的单体来直接合成 ,这种方法分别可以通过三条途径来达到 ,一是以苯腈为原料的途径 ,二是以苯酐为原料的途径 ,三是二亚氨基异吲哚啉路线 ,它们都是以单体为原料 ;第二种合成方法是通过金属酞菁聚合物在配体溶剂中的解离而得到的。金属酞菁轴向配合物的吸收光谱与简单的金属酞菁配合物相比 ,吸收峰明显红移 ,这就大大改进了它的光学性质     

微生物合成金属纳米粒子研究进展

当前金属纳米粒子主要采用物理和化学方法合成，但微生物也能合成金属纳米粒子，与常规方法相比，微生物合成金属纳米粒子不仅可大量减少还原剂的用量和降低能源成本，而且不污染环境。综述了国内外使用微生物合成金属纳米粒子的研究进展。     

金属纳米线的阶边精饰合成及应用

综述了阶边精饰法合成金属纳米线的研究进展,阐述了高定向石墨(HOPG)原子台阶上电沉积金属纳米线的合成原理,并介绍了金属纳米线在功能材料、磁性材料、电子材料、传感器等方面的应用前景.     

金属氮化物富勒烯的研究现状

内嵌金属氮化物簇富勒烯的发现极大地扩展了内嵌富勒烯家族。内嵌金属氮化物富勒烯是一类将含有金属原子的氮化物(Mx-N,AxM3-x-N)包裹在富勒烯碳笼中的化合物,因其具有独特的分子结构和性质而受到人们广泛的研究和关注。阐述了合成金属氮化物富勒烯的方法,着重介绍了电弧法,探讨了氮源对电弧法合成金属氮化物富勒烯产量的影响,介绍了金属氮化物富勒烯常用的分离提纯方法,最后讨论了金属氮化物富勒烯的结构特点、性质和潜在应用。     

花状纳米金属及金属化合物的合成及其电磁性能研究

三维花状结构的纳米金属及金属化合物材料作为纳米材料的一个重要组成部分,由于其特殊的形貌和复杂的结构而具备许多块状或者低维纳米材料不具备的性质,在光、电、磁、催化和传感方面显示出巨大的应用前景.综述了近年来有关花状结构纳米金属及金属化合物的合成、性能及其应用,分别介绍了花状纳米金属及金属化合物的主要合成方法,阐述了各种花状纳米金属及金属化合物的电磁性质及其在相关领域的应用.     

金属氮化物合成方法的研究进展

介绍了近年来金属氮化物的5种主要合成方法：程序升温法、热分解法、固态反应法、电化学法和球磨制备法，着重阐述了每种合成方法的研究现状及其优缺点，并对金属氮化物合成方法的发展前号进行了展望，认为开发工艺简单、操作条件温和、氮化产物成本低廉、产物结构易于控制的合成方法是未来发展的必然趋势。     

载银金属-有机骨架抗菌剂的制备及其抗菌性能研究

采用水热法合成了金属-有机骨架Al-MIL-53-COOH,并探讨了反应时间、原料浓度等合成条件对金属-有机骨架晶体的影响。扫描电子显微镜表明随反应时间增加,金属-有机骨架颗粒增大。X射线粉末衍射分析表明随反应物浓度降低,生成的金属-有机骨架由原始的闭孔相转变为开孔相。以Al-MIL-53-COOH为载体,AgNO3为反应液,通过离子交换法,制备了载银金属-有机骨架抗菌剂,并对其抗菌性能进行了测定。结果表明:合成金属-有机骨架的条件对交换性能影响较大,反应6h时的产物可得到最高载银量为6.38%(质量分数)的载银金属-有机骨架材料。抗菌实验表明不同载银量的金属-有机骨架材料对5类菌均具有良好的抗菌活性。     

茂金属催化剂及其在聚烯烃领域中的应用

本文介绍了茂金属催化剂的特点和分类，以及茂金属催化剂在聚烯烃合成及工艺方面的应用。     

骨架结构型多元硫砷金属化合物的合成研究

骨架结构的多元硫属金属化合物是一类很好的无机多功能材料，这一类化合物晶体的合成研究引起人们广泛的兴趣。主要介绍了硫、砷(As)与某些金属(如Bi、Ni等)形成阴离子骨架结构这一类化合物的设计合成与研究状况。讨论了采用溶剂热方法合成此类晶体时，影响合成过程的一些因素。     

Chelation Crosslinking of Biodegradable Elastomers

Widely present in nature and in manufactured goods, elastomers are network polymers typically crosslinked by strong covalent bonds. Elastomers crosslinked by weak bonds usually exhibit more plastic deformation. Here, chelation as a mechanism to produce biodegradable elastomers is reported. Polycondensation of sebacic acid, 1,3-propanediol, and a Schiff-base (2-[[(2-hydroxyphenyl) methylene]amino]-1,3-propanediol) forms a block copolymer that binds several biologically relevant metal ions. Chelation offers a unique advantage unseen in conventional elastomer design because one ligand binds multiple metal ions, yielding bonds of different strengths. Therefore, one polymeric ligand coordinated with different metal ions produces elastomers with vastly different characteristics. Mixing different metal ions in one polymer offers another degree of control on material properties. The density of the ligands in the block copolymer further regulates the mechanical properties. Moreover, a murine model reveals that Fe³⁺ crosslinked foam displays higher compatibility with subcutaneous tissues than the widely used biomaterial—polycaprolactone. The implantation sites restore to their normal architecture with little fibrosis upon degradation of the implants. The versatility of chelation-based design has already shown promise in hydrogels and highly stretchy nondegradable polymers. The biodegradable elastomers reported here would enable new materials and new possibilities in biomedicine and beyond.     

新型高阻尼金属材料的研究进展

综述了近年来有关新型高阻尼金属材料的研究思路，制备方法和性能研究等方面取得的进展，指出目前研究中存在的总是和高阻尼金属材料的研究方向，并展望了高阻尼金属／金属复合体材料未来的研究与应用前景。     

聚合物基金属纳米复合材料研究进展

综述了聚合物基金属纳米复合材料的制备方法、物理化学性能和最新研究进展。     

Nanopore-Supported Metal Nanocatalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Generation from Liquid-Phase Chemical Hydrogen Storage Materials

Hydrogen has emerged as an environmentally attractive fuel and a promising energy carrier for future applications to meet the ever-increasing energy challenges. The safe and efficient storage and release of hydrogen remain a bottleneck for realizing the upcoming hydrogen economy. Hydrogen storage based on liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage materials is one of the most promising hydrogen storage techniques, which offers considerable potential for large-scale practical applications for its excellent safety, great convenience, and high efficiency. Recently, nanopore-supported metal nanocatalysts have stood out remarkably in boosting the field of liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage. Herein, the latest research progress in catalytic hydrogen production is summarized, from liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage materials, such as formic acid, ammonia borane, hydrous hydrazine, and sodium borohydride, by using metal nanocatalysts confined within diverse nanoporous materials, such as metal–organic frameworks, porous carbons, zeolites, mesoporous silica, and porous organic polymers. The state-of-the-art synthetic strategies and advanced characterizations for these nanocatalysts, as well as their catalytic performances in hydrogen generation, are presented. The limitation of each hydrogen storage system and future challenges and opportunities on this subject are also discussed. References in related fields are provided, and more developments and applications to achieve hydrogen energy will be inspired.     

Metal Phosphides and Phosphates‐based Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Phosphorus compounds, such as metal phosphides and phosphates have shown excellent performances and great potential in electrochemical energy storage, which are demonstrated by research works published in recent years. Some of these metal phosphides and phosphates and their hybrids compare favorably with transition metal oxides/hydroxides, which have been studied extensively as a class of electrode materials for supercapacitor applications, where they have limitations in terms of electrical and ion conductivity and device stability. To be specific, metal phosphides have both metalloid characteristics and good electric conductivity. For metal phosphates, the open‐framework structures with large channels and cavities endow them with good ion conductivity and charge storage capacity. In this review, we present the recent progress on metal phosphides and phosphates, by focusing on their advantages/disadvantages and potential applications as a new class of electrode materials in supercapacitors. The synthesis methods to prepare these metal phosphides/phosphates are looked into, together with the scientific insights involved, as they strongly affect the electrochemical energy storage performance. Particular attentions are paid to those hybrid‐type materials, where strong synergistic effects exist. In the summary, the future perspectives and challenges for the metal phosphides, phosphates and hybrid‐types are proposed and discussed.     

羰基金属的性质、制备及在功能材料中的应用

羰基金属是过渡金属与CO所形成的配合物，它们在新材料的合成与制备中有着十分重要的应用。本文较全面的介绍了各种羰基金属配合物的基本理化特性及典型羰基金属配合物的合成工艺，同时对其在功能材料，尤其在纳米材料、薄膜及涂层领域中的应用进行了展望。     

非晶合金泡沫材料的研究进展

非晶合金泡沫是结合金属泡沫与非晶合金两者优点而发展起来的一类新型结构材料。作为轻质与强韧的完美统一,非晶合金泡沫材料近年来受到国内外学者越来越多的关注。本文简要综述了非晶合金泡沫的发展、制备以及力学性能的研究进展,提出当前工作中存在的问题,并就本领域今后值得关注的问题进行展望。     

金属点阵材料的研究进展

金属点阵材料是一种具有高孔隙率以及周期性结构的先进轻质多功能材料。重点评述了金属点阵材料的分类、金属三维点阵材料的主要制备方法以及点阵结构制备过程中的连接技术,并归纳了目前对其力学性能表征的一些成果,最后从结构与功能两方面介绍了金属点阵材料特有的优良性能以及应用,并展望了其未来的研究趋势。     

Metallopolymers: New Multifunctional Materials

Since the mid 1990s soluble, well‐characterized high molecular weight metal‐containing and metallosupramolecular polymers have become readily available for the first time, even in some cases, with narrow molecular weight distributions and controlled architectures such as block copolymers. This has led to a rapidly expanding interest in their properties and uses. The review provides a survey of the range of applications for these new materials, which combine the processing advantages of polymers with the functionality provided by the presence of metal centers.     

Metal‐Containing Polydopamine Nanomaterials: Catalysis,Energy, and Theranostics

Polydopamine (PDA) is a major type of artificial melanin material with many interesting properties such as antioxidant activity, free‐radical scavenging, high photothermal conversion efficiency, and strong metal‐ion chelation. The high affinity of PDA to a wide range of metals/metal ions has offered a new class of functional metal‐containing polydopamine (MPDA) nanomaterials with promising functions and extensive applications. Understanding and controlling the metal coordination environment is vital to achieve desirable functions for which such materials can be exploited. MPDA nanomaterials with metal/metal ions as the active functions are reviewed, including their synthesis and metal coordination environment and their applications in catalysis, batteries, solar cells, capacitors, medical imaging, cancer therapy, antifouling, and antibacterial coating. The current trends, limitations, and future directions of this area are also explored.