一种强干扰下超弱水声信号自适应盲分离的快速算法

许多盲源分离算法对超弱信号收敛速度变慢甚至失效。文章提出一种算法 ,用FASTICA算法所得的分离矩阵作为一种基于输出去相关自适应盲分离算法的初始值 ,算法的收敛速度得到明显改善。算法的学习速率通过一种自适应算法选取 ,从而降低了算法收敛速度对学习步长的依赖。仿真结果表明 ,文中提出的算法对超弱信号特别有效 ,算法收敛速度大大增强。该算法可以用于分离强干扰下的弱水声信号     

振动源信号的快速二阶统计量算法研究

快速而有效地分离振动源混合信号,是故障监测系统进一步诊断的基础.提出了一种改进的基于二阶统计量的盲源分离算法.算法采用平均时滞相关矩阵,以获取混合矩阵的平均特征结构,实现信号的有效分离.仿真和实验结果表明,该方法具有计算简单,运算速度快的特点,为振动信号在线监测与故障诊断提供了一种新的方法.     

EMD与JADE相结合的算法及验证

针对汽车变速器齿轮在长时间高强度工作状态下易产生故障的问题,提出了一种基于经验模式分解(EMD)和盲源分离算法中的特征矩阵联合近似对角化法(JADE)相结合的汽车变速器齿轮故障诊断算法.首先,将振动信号进行EMD分解,再根据互相关准则对分解后的本征模分量进行重构,构造虚拟噪声信号,并以此作为JADE的输入矩阵;然后,采用JADE算法分离得到能清晰反映齿轮状态的特征信号.最后将该方法应用于汽车变速器齿轮故障诊断中,仿真和实测分析结果均表明该方法有效可行.     

基于列正交变换实现串行干扰消除的MIMO检测算法

针对用于多输入多输出（MIMO）通信系统检测的按序QR分解（SQRD）算法在多径瑞利慢衰落信道中检测误码率较高的不足,提出了一种基于列正交（CO）变换的串行干扰消除（SIC）算法——COSIC。该算法对信道矩阵按列正交变换,避免了求上三角矩阵的运算,并且在判决信号过程中,将先判决出的信号通过信道后的输出向量作为干扰进行消除,在略微增加系统时间复杂度的基础上,使系统检测性能得到了明显改善。在多散射物的无线通信环境下进行的仿真实验证实,与传统的SQRD算法相比,所提算法误码率显著下降．系统检测性能明显改善。     

有限反馈SDMA系统中信道矩阵的逐列量化算法

针对多天线广播信道(MIMO BC)块对角化(BD)预编码空分多址接入(SDMA)系统对角化预编码时,直接量化信道矩阵的有限反馈方法复杂度过高的问题,利用系统中用户配置多个天线的特点,提出了基于天线合并逐列量化(PCQ)信道矩阵的有限反馈方法.该方法对接收信号做多次天线合并,将传统算法中直接量化信道矩阵转变为多次量化等效信道矢量,仿真结果表明,在总的反馈比特数相同的情况下,该方法以较少的和容量损失换来了复杂度的大幅降低.     

噪声环境下水声信号瞬时盲源分离方法研究

噪声环境下大多数盲源分离算法性能大大降低。提出了一种适用于噪声环境的基于子带分解的瞬时盲源分离算法。通过修正白化矩阵和选取合理子带降低盲源分离过程中由噪声产生的不利影响。仿真实验表明,采用基于子带分解的瞬时盲源分离算法能够较好地实现噪声环境下水声混合信号的分离;进一步研究表明,该算法在噪声环境下表现出良好的稳健性。     

基于循环谱的同信道多信号调制方式识别

为满足软件无线电、认知无线电的需要,对共信道多信号的调制方式识别技术进行了研究,提出了一种共信道多信号调制方式识别的数学模型.根据此模型,结合循环谱理论,给出了基于循环谱的同信道多信号调制方式识别算法,并以BPSK、QPSK、OQPSK三种调制方式为例,采用蒙特卡洛方法对提出的算法进行了仿真.仿真和试验结果表明,提出的算法能有效地识别共信道多信号的调制方式,取得了与理论分析相吻合的结果.     

基于FIR滤波器矩阵代数的多通道盲解卷积算法

通过FIR滤波器矩阵代数将盲源分离算法扩展为多通道盲解卷积算法,得到了多通道盲解卷积的自然梯度算法和等变自适应算法.然后,分别对两纯亚高斯信号的卷积混合信号和两纯超高斯信号的卷积混合信号进行盲解卷积分离,给出了分离滤波器和全局滤波器的脉冲响应以及描述算法性能的ICI、ISI和MC-ISI指标,仿真结果表明基于滤波器矩阵代数的多通道盲解卷积自然梯度算法对同系信号的分离和解卷积均具有很好的效果.     

基于边检测盲源分离几何算法研究

提出了一种基于边检测的盲源分离几何算法.该算法只需要检测到观测信号X的所有独立的边,然后根据数字信号混叠时的几何性质,分离出源信号.首先给出了问题的数学模型,然后对其分析并给出具体的分离算法,最后给出了仿真结果.仿真结果表明:该算法比一般的几何算法复杂度降低了,分离时间减少了,并且能保证分离效果.     

一种信道估计动态更新的逐幸存路径处理算法

水声信道复杂的时变特性会影响水声通信系统的性能,在设计时需要进行特殊考虑。利用逐幸存路径处理算法在无需插入训练序列的情况下即可同时进行信道估计和数据检测的特点,提出了一种信道估计动态更新的算法。该算法通过比较当前时刻各条幸存路径的分支量度来判断信道变化的情况,从而决定信道估计更新的时刻,达到动态更新信道估计的目的。仿真结果表明,所提出的基于信道估计动态更新的逐幸存路径处理算法能有效地跟踪信道变化的情况,在时变信道中使用能获得较好的性能。     

汽车车内噪声主动控制变步长NFB-LMS算法

为规避最小均方（Least Mean Square,LMS）算法不能同时提高收敛速度和降低稳态误差的固有缺陷,以及已有变步长LMS算法存在收敛速度慢和稳态误差估计精度差的问题,文中提出了一种基于变步长归一化频域块（Normalized Frequency-domain Block,NFB） LMS算法的汽车车内噪声主动控制方法。为了比较,应用传统的LMS算法、基于反正切函数的变步长LMS算法和变步长NFB-LMS算法分别进行实测汽车车内噪声的主动控制。结果表明,与其他两个算法相比,变步长NFB-LMS算法的收敛速度提高了70%以上,稳态误差减小了90%以上。变步长NFB-LMS算法在处理车内噪声信号时具有很高的效率,为进行汽车车内噪声主动控制提供了一种新方法。     

An improved maximum power point tracking method for a photovoltaic system

In this paper, an improved auto-scaling variable step-size Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method for photovoltaic (PV) system was proposed. To achieve simultaneously a fast dynamic response and stable steady-state power, a first improvement was made on the step-size scaling function of the duty cycle that controls the converter. An algorithm was secondly proposed to address wrong decision that may be made at an abrupt change of the irradiation. The proposed auto-scaling variable step-size approach was compared to some various other approaches from the literature such as: classical fixed step-size, variable step-size and a recent auto-scaling variable step-size maximum power point tracking approaches. The simulation results obtained by MATLAB/SIMULINK were given and discussed for validation.     

改进变步长LMS算法及在自适应噪声抵消中的应用

在分析传统LMS算法、变步长LMS算法及其改进算法的基础上,通过建立步长因子μ与误差信号е之间的非线性关系,提出了一种改进的变步长LMS自适应滤波算法,并将其应用于自适应噪声抵消中,还分析了参数对算法性能的影响,结果表明该算法具有较快的收敛速度和较小的稳态失调。文中最后给出了仿真结果,仿真结果与理论分析一致。     

Simple and robust analytically derived variable step-size least mean squares algorithm for channel estimation

A new variable step-size least mean squares (VSS-LMS) algorithm for the estimation of frequency selective communications channels is herein presented. In contrast to previous works, in which the step-size adaptation is based on the instantaneous samples of the error signal, this algorithm is derived on the basis of analytical minimisation of the ensemble-averaged mean-square weight error. A very simple rule for step-size adaptation is obtained, using a small number of communication system parameters. This is another significant difference from other proposals, in which a large number of control parameters should be tuned for proper use. The algorithm here proposed is shown to be applicable to both time-varying and time-invariant scenarios. While the lack of a termination rule for step-size adaptation is a common characteristic of other schemes, the algorithm here presented adopts a criterion for stopping the step-size adaptation that assures optimal steadystate performance and leads to large computational savings. A simulation-based performance comparison with other VSS-LMS schemes is provided, including their application to maximum likelihood sequence estimation receivers using per survivor processing (MLSE/PSP). The results show that the algorithm proposed in this work has good performance characteristics and a very low computational cost, specially in the application to MLSE/ PSP receivers. Besides, this algorithm is shown to be robust to changes in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).     

基于FxLMS的汽车车内噪声变步长主动均衡算法

提出了一种可用于汽车车内噪声主动均衡控制的变步长主动噪声均衡（Active Noise Equalization,ANE）算法,与传统车内噪声主动抵消控制方法所采用的滤波x最小均方（Filtered-x Least Mean Square,FxLMS）算法相比具有更好的实用性。应用固定步长主动噪声均衡（Active Noise Equalization,ANE）算法、所提出变步长ANE算法和已有变步长ANE算法分别进行汽车车内噪声主动均衡控制。结果表明,所提出变步长ANE算法具有更快的收敛速度和较低的稳态误差,并且能进一步降低汽车车内噪声响度,为汽车车内声品质主动控制提供了一种新方法。     

认知型水声通信时空自适应处理算法研究

针对浅海水声通信面临的复杂干扰环境,提出了一种适用于水声通信系统的认知型时空自适应处理算法。该算法在传统时空自适应阵列处理算法的基础上引入了干扰认知的功能,通过干扰认知处理降低计算量,并且实现干扰样本的选取,确保自适应算法的可靠收敛。利用了协方差矩阵特征分解和多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification, MUSIC)估计干扰的个数,辅助选取盲源分离算法中的维度和时空自适应算法中的空域维度,进行算法降维处理。针对采用盲源分离后的各干扰,采用包络检测法提取时域特征,采用短时傅里叶变换(Short-time Fourier Transform, STFT)方法提取时频谱特征,分析干扰特征,实现干扰分类,从而实现干扰样本的选取。通过计算机仿真验证了该认知处理算法的性能。     

A single-sensor PV system featuring an innovative auto-adjustment variable step-size MPPT method

This paper proposes a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method by introducing an auto-adjustment variable step-size algorithm that uses only a single sensor. This novel scheme solves the problem encountered by traditional variable step-size methods, which require an additional calculation of the constant value. The naturally varying trend of the proposed function in this paper is applied to serve as the auto-adjustment variable step size in the MPPT algorithm, thereby enabling the system to provide reliable transient and steady-state responses even during sharp weather changes. Furthermore, the proposed new MPPT method can also be applied in the presence of a partial shadow condition. The digital signal processor handles the feedback value and directs the PWM signal to drive the switch of the converter. The simulation and experimental results verify the reliable transient and steady-state performance of the PV system with the proposed method.     

一种自适应的主动声呐直达波干扰抑制算法

为了克服主动声呐编队作战条件下的直达波干扰,达到检测微弱目标回波信号的目的．提出了一种基于频域分块自适应滤波算法的直达波抑制方法。这种方法将自适应滤波理论和匹配相关技术相结合,首先对接收数据做频域分块自适应滤波,再利用已知发射信号副本进行匹配相关,最后提取目标回波信号。其中,频域分块自适应滤波算法相比基本最小均方算法,计算复杂度降低,收敛速度快,基本保证了主动声呐每个探测周期内的直达波抑制和目标回波的提取。通过数值仿真实验表明：在强直达波干扰存在条件下,该算法对目标回波的提取在精度和鲁棒性等方面均优于以往的直接匹配相关方法。     

一种新颖的水声相干通信接收算法

为了克服水声信道的多径衰落,消除码间干扰,获得可靠的数据传输,提出了一种新颖的水声相干通信接收算法。该新型算法有两个优点:一是将自适应判决反馈均衡器和迭代译码技术相结合,二是译码采用Turbo译码原理,整个译码系统可以看作是串联迭代译码器,只是其中的内部译码器被编码比特对数似然率(LLR)计算器所取代,有效地降低了运算复杂度。同时,自适应判决反馈均衡器采用了变步长因子算法,改善了均衡器的收敛速度。仿真实验验证了该组合接收算法的性能     

Hadamard transform capillary electrophoresis combined with absorption spectrometry

A novel injection device for applying absorption spectrometry to Hadamard transform (HT) capillary electrophoresis is described. A small hole, at the center part of the capillary, functions as an inlet port for the sample. The hole is immersed in a sample solution and the end of the capillary that is usually employed for sample introduction is immersed in a buffer solution. An ultraviolet absorption detector is placed between the sample injection port and the other end of the capillary filled with a buffer solution. A high potential is continuously applied between the injection port and the end of the capillary, which allows the sample solution to be introduced into the separation capillary. By application of a higher potential modulated according to a Hadamard code between both ends of the capillary, the buffer solution is injected into the separation capillary. In some preliminary experiments, this injection device was utilized to introduce a single sample segment into a capillary. As expected, a single peak was observed in the electropherogram for a sample containing a single component. This device was then employed for multiple sample injection in HT capillary electrophoresis. An 8-fold improvement in the S/N ratio was observed when the HT technique was used, in which a 255-order of a Hadamard matrix was used, as expected from theory. The present approach was also utilized for the sensitive detection of a sample comprised of multiple components.