PET衬底上ITO薄膜的制备及光电性能

用脉冲磁控溅射法在柔性衬底聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)上制备了氧化铟锡(ITO)透明导电薄膜,研究了溅射气压、时间和衬底温度等工艺条件对ITO薄膜光电性能的影响,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对薄膜的物相结构与表面形貌进行了分析。结果表明:薄膜的平均晶粒尺寸随衬底温度的升高而增大;当溅射时间增加时,方块电阻与光透过率均减小;当衬底温度升高时,方块电阻减小,可见光透过率增大。     

气溶胶辅助化学气相沉积制备Al掺杂ZnO透明导电薄膜

采用气溶胶辅助化学气相沉积(AACVD)法在玻璃衬底上制备了Al掺杂ZnO(AZO)薄膜.研究了Al掺杂(2at%～8at%)对ZnO薄膜结构及光电性能的影响.利用XRD、SEM、EDAX、紫外可见分光光度计等手段对样品进行测试.结果表明,制备的所有AZO薄膜均具有纤锌矿结构,不具有沿c轴方向的择优取向,XRD图谱中未观察出Al的相关分相.在可见光范围内,AZO薄膜的平均透过率大于72%,光学禁带宽度随Al掺杂量的增加而变窄.同时根据四探针技术所得的数据得知:Al的掺杂导致薄膜方块电阻的变化,随着Al掺杂量的增加,方块电阻有明显变小的现象,掺杂6at%Al的AZO薄膜具有最低方块电阻(18Ω/□).     

磁控溅射ITO薄膜的退火处理

采用直流磁控溅射方法在室温下玻璃基板上制备ITO(Indium tin oxide)薄膜,并在真空中不同温度(100℃~400℃)下退火处理.研究了退火对薄膜表面形貌、电光特性的影响.XRD测试发现薄膜在200℃退火后结晶,优选晶向为(222).随退火温度升高,方块电阻迅速下降,表面更加平整,薄膜在可见光范围平均透过率提高到85%.     

溶胶-凝胶法AZO/rGO薄膜的制备研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺铝氧化锌/还原氧化石墨烯(AZO/rGO)薄膜,研究了不同还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)的添加量对薄膜结构和光电性能的影响。采用四探针方块电阻仪测量样品的电学性能,XRD检测薄膜晶体结构,SEM研究薄膜表面形貌,U4100分光光度计检测光学透过率。研究发现,热处理温度为500℃时,AZO/rGO薄膜样品的电阻率随着rGO含量的上升,先减小后增大;当添加量为0.04%(wt,质量分数)时,电学性能最优,样品(002)衍射峰强度最大。光学透过率随着rGO增多而减小,但幅度很小。而热处理温度为530℃时,随着rGO含量的增大,薄膜样品的电阻率逐渐增大,可见光透过率同样有所下降。     

反应蒸发技术制备高性能In2O3和ITO薄膜

在真空状态下，在两个石英坩埚分别装入纯In，In、Sn（Wt=10％）合金，并按所沉积膜的种类（In2O3或ITO）将某一石英坩埚装入加热器，当真空度达到要求后，通入氧气并开启加热器，可在玻璃基板上制备In2O3或ITO薄膜。制备的ITO薄膜的方块电阻为10Ω/□，可见光平均透过率≥90％，制备的In2O3薄膜的方块电阻为35Ω/□，可见光平均透过率≥90％。是太阳能光伏产品及显示器件导电膜的理想选择。     

氧化镉薄膜的制备与性质研究

本文以醋酸镉、丙醇、丙三醇、三乙胺组成的先驱体溶液作为起始物，采用溶胶-凝胶法，利用旋转涂覆技术，于玻璃基体上制备了高透过率、低电阻的氧化镉薄膜。研究了薄膜的光学性质、导电性能、表面形貌。薄膜的电阻由双探针法测定，并在热处理温度为270℃时得到了一个最低电阻，其值为58．8Ω；薄膜的透过性能由紫外-可见分光光度计测定，在可见光范围内透过率高达90％以上；薄膜的表面形貌由扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测定。研究结果表明，热处理温度对薄膜的导电和可见光透过性能有很大影响。     

常压CVD法制备Sb掺杂SnO2薄膜的性能研究

以C4H4SnCl3和SbCl3为反应先驱体,采用常压化学气相沉积法制备Sb掺杂SnO2薄膜,研究了薄膜沉积时间、基板温度以及Sb掺杂量对薄膜结构和红外反射性能的影响。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段对所制备薄膜的结构、形貌、成分进行了分析表征。XRD结果表明薄膜具有四方相金红石晶型结构,在基板温度为650℃时能制得结晶性能较好的多晶薄膜;XPS结果表明元素Sb主要以Sb5+的形式掺杂于SnO2薄膜中。还讨论了Sb掺杂量对方块电阻、透射率等薄膜性质的影响。结果表明,当Sb掺杂量为2%,基板温度为600℃,镀膜时间为4min时可制备出可见光透过率为75%、红外透过率仅为30%的薄膜,且此时薄膜方块电阻为38.4Ω/□。     

制备工艺参数对无氢类金刚石薄膜结构及光学性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射技术在玻璃基底和单晶硅片上制备了无氢DLC薄膜。采用多种技术手段表征了不同工艺参数下制备的DLC薄膜的结构及光学性能。结果表明,溅射功率、工作气压、基底温度和氩气流量的变化对薄膜结构、透过率和光学带隙有较大影响。薄膜内部sp~3键含量、可见光透过率及光学带隙都随溅射功率或基底温度的增加而减小,随工作气压的增大而增加,随氩气流量的增加先增大后减小。在工作气压为2.0Pa时,可制备出I_D/I_G为0.86、可见光区平均透过率为85%、光学带隙为1.68eV的DLC薄膜。     

层数变化对ZnO/In_2O_3多层膜微观结构及光电性能的影响

用直流磁控溅射和热氧化法在玻璃衬底上制备ZnO/In2O3透明导电多层膜,当总厚度一定时,调节溅射沉积的层数与相应各层膜的厚度,研究该多层膜微观结构、光学性能和电学性能的变化.XRD和SEM分析表明:随着溅射沉积层数的增加,In2O3衍射峰的强度不断地减弱,ZnO衍射峰出现了不同的晶面择优取向;多层膜表面的ZnO晶粒粒径变小,光洁度增加.四探针法方块电阻测试表明:低温热氧化时,ZnO/In2O3多层膜的方块电阻随层数的增加而上升;高温氧化时,ZnO/In2O3多层膜的方块电阻随层数的增加而下降.可见光光谱分析表明:随着溅射沉积层数的增加,ZnO/In2O3多薄膜在可见光区的平均透过率增大,透过率的峰值向短波方向偏移.     

反应磁控溅射制备氮化钽扩散阻挡层的研究

采用反应磁控溅射在硅衬底上制备了TaN薄膜,研究了氮分压、溅射功率及衬底温度对薄膜晶体结构、表面形貌和电学性能的影响。结果表明,晶体结构随工艺参数的改变发生变化,GIXRD图谱衍射峰强度随溅射功率和衬底温度的增加而增强,氮气分压的增加使择优取向向(111)晶面偏移;TaN薄膜的表面形貌与溅射功率和氮气分压密切相关,与衬底温度的关系不大,其粗糙度随溅射功率的增加而增大,随氮气分压的增加而减小;TaN薄膜的方块电阻随溅射功率的增加逐渐减小,随氮气分压的增加逐渐增大,温度对方块电阻的影响不大;对Cu/TaN/Si互联体系热处理后发现TaN薄膜具有优异的阻挡性能,在600℃时依然可有效阻止Cu向Si的扩散。     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

Fundamental study of adhesion of ice to cooling solid surface (Discussion on influence of copper oxide layer on ice adhesion force)

In many situations, ice often adheres to a cooling solid surface, frequently causing serious accidents. It is critical to clarify the mechanism of ice adhesion to the cooling surface in order to prevent ice adhesion. In a past study, the shearing stresses of two kinds of test plates with a copper surface having the higher thermal conductivity were measured. The shearing stress corresponds to ice adhesion force. Both shearing stresses were significantly different; however, the cause remains unclear.Therefore, the present study focuses on an oxide layer as the main factor causing the difference of both shearing stresses; the influence of the oxide layer formed on shearing stress was discussed. And in the removal and reformation processes of the oxide layer, the time variation of the shearing stress was clarified. Moreover, the relationship between the state of the copper surface and the shearing stress was also clarified by surface analysis.     

重塑标准推行格局 推动LED照明的普及（英文）

正When you are enjoying the green,energy-saving and healthy lighting of IKEA LED luminaire,you may not realize that most of IKEA’s LED bulbs are produced by the LED luminaire smart manufacturing system of Hangzhou Zhongwei Photoelectricity CO.,LTD(ZVISION).No longer enclosed in the laboratory,the product standards are brought into the factory workshop and even to the entire production process.Thus,the standards are promoted and applied in a favorable way by enterprises,benefitting consumers with high quality products.     

Chinese Experts Contribute to ISO＇s New Toy Standards

正The international standard,ISO 8124-6,Safety of toys–Part 6:Certain phthalate esters in toys and children’s products,was officially issued by ISO worldwide on August 15.It was the first time for Chinese experts to lead the ISO standard development in toys industry.The standard was drafted by a group of Chinese experts from SAC/TC for toys and relevant Chinese departments and finally completed by a dedicated international group of experts.ISO 8124-6 makes a substantive breakthrough in the aspects of the scope of toys,limitation of plasticizer types,control of test cost,accuracy of test,operation convenience,etc.,offering the operational guidance for toy manufactures and testing laboratories.     

中国质量(北京)大会(英文)

正Themed on"quality,innovation,development",the first China Quality Conference(Beijing)was held in the Great Hall of the People on September 15.Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivered an important speech at the conference.State Councilor Yang Jing and Wang Yong attended the conference with over 600 domestic and international representatives from foreign,regional and international quality organizations     

National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization

正The National Working Meeting on Land and Resources Standardization was held in Beijing on July 15,2014.Wang Min,the Deputy-Minister of the Ministry of Land and Resources,and Yin Minghan,the Chief-Engineer of SAC addressed the meeting.Representatives from relevant competent departments and technical committees were present.The meeting aims to summarize work,discuss existing problems and make clear working thoughts,promoting standardization work of land and resources to a new level.Wang Min pointed out that the standardization work of land and resources should be centered on the basic principles of"protecting land and resources dutifully,intensively and economically utilizing land and resources,and making all-out efforts to safeguard the public’s rights and interests",highlighted the