制造企业竞争力分析及其提高策略

分析了影响制造企业竞争力的各种要素，提出应根据企业自身的具体情况确定竞争力诸要素以及它们的重要性顺序。建立了竞争力的未桶模型，认为竞争力诸要素的水平应相互协调。最后讨论了我国制造企业提高自身竞争力的策略。     

基于网络分析法的产品设计决策

从新产品的基本评价要素出发。以市场对各评价要素的要求为准则构建评价模型。由于产品结构的复杂性,准则之间往往会有相互影响作用。运用网络分析法对模型进行分析,将不同准则按照对产品战略的重要程度进行排序。根据排序后的准则对比竞争产品与初步设计的产品,找出产品设计上的不足。提出符合产品开发战略和市场需求的改进方案。     

企业敏捷学习要素体系模型构建及实证研究

基于敏捷制造理论,提出敏捷学习的概念,并认为,敏捷学习是敏捷制造的基础和保证.进一步构建了敏捷学习的要素体系模型.以我国企业为样本进行了实证研究,发现对企业敏捷学习影响最大的因素是学习过程因子,特别是信息获取;其次是战略参与的内部驱动因子;此外,人力资源管理实践、团队工作形式、内部信任、开发式学习方式、人际关系、网络信息化水平也有较大影响.     

基于工效学原则的人机界面交互要素排序优化法

复杂系统人-机接口交互要素排序直接影响人-机交互效率及系统运行安全性,寻求科学、高效的交互要素排序优化方法具有实际意义。本文将使用次序、使用频率及重要程度工效学原则应用于交互要素排序,提出了基于多工效学原则的综合排序权值模型,并构建了交互要素排序优化目标函数,建立了基于生物进化遗传算法的交互要素排序优化机制,结合排序种群编码、选择、杂交及变异进化操作,提高了交互要素排序优化计算效率。最后以实例验证该方法在结合工效学原则及提高排序优化效率方面的应用有效性。     

制造企业服务衍生实现机理及其决策分析研究

利用服务广度与深度两维度刻画了基于服务蓝图的制造企业服务衍生实现过程,构建种群竞争模型,探讨了制造企业在资源有限情形下,服务广度与深度的竞争演化过程,最后运用Matlab仿真分析,识别了影响服务广度和深度的关键因素。研究表明:制造企业服务衍生实现依赖于前台与后台的协作,这种有效协作更有利于制造企业向客户提供集成解决方案;服务衍生的程度能够通过服务广度与深度度量,其中竞争系数是影响服务广度与深度的关键因素,制造企业藉此可选择更有利自身发展的服务衍生策略。     

面向服务型制造延迟策略实施对客户价值创造的影响

在我国制造业从生产型制造向服务型制造转型的背景下,以制造企业应对市场变化的能力塑造为驱动,构建了服务型制造、延迟策略、客户价值和企业绩效四者间关系的理论模型,通过理论分析形成研究假设.根据江苏省195份有效问卷,利用结构方程模型对假设进行了检验,得到了面向服务型制造的延迟策略实施对客户价值和企业绩效影响的内在关系.研究结果表明:为了有效应对企业外部的不确定风险,越来越多的制造企业实施延迟策略,并通过与服务型制造的不断融合,既创造了客户价值,又改善了企业绩效.     

标准作业指导书体系的构建与实施

本文论述了综合性制造企业构建标准作业指导书体系的总体思路、顶层设计、编制过程和检查实施。标准作业指导书为三级作业性标准,综合了人、机、料、法、环、质量、安全、效率等要素,是多体系融合在基层落地的具体表现。标准作业指导书体系的构建与实施提升了企业生产制造过程标准化能力,为建立标准化的综合性制造企业奠定了基础。     

面向技术创新的辽宁装备制造业竞争情报系统研究

本文简要介绍了竞争情报的概念及特点,分析了竞争情报在面向创新的辽宁装备制造业发展中的作用。指出装备制造企业要充分认识到竞争情报工作的重要性,以增强技术创新能力,提高企业的核心竞争力。     

层次分析法在儿童自行车设计中的应用

目的对儿童自行车的创新开发过程进行探讨,确定产品价值机会,并将其转化为结合了功能和造型的、迎合了新的社会趋势的产品。方法通过专利检索发现市场需求,寻找儿童自行车产品机会缺口,构建设计要素层;通过文献检索、用户访谈等方式得出儿童产品的价值属性,构建准则层;借助层次分析法来分析设计要素和产品价值的关联排序,确定产品机会。结果确定儿童自行车的设计定位。结论以实验案例证明,借助层次分析法能够对不同设计方向的价值机会进行定量分析,有助于提高企业创新开发的效率,改变当前市场上儿童自行车产品层次偏低、自主创新能力不足、过度依赖低价竞争的现状。     

企业法律文化视角下的和谐劳动关系研究

在经济全球化的今天,企业间的竞争已不止局限于有形的物质要素的竞争,致胜的要素更多取决于企业文化等无形要素,其中企业法律文化作为企业文化的重要组成部分,不仅在企业面对外部竞争时起到预测作用,更在企业调和内部劳动关系时起到指引、规范和保障作用。本文从企业法律文化角度切入,探究企业法律文化对劳动关系的作用,从而为和谐劳动关系的构建,为企业可持续发展提供新的思路,以新的视角丰富当前劳动关系的研究。     

Improving the implementation effectiveness of cellular manufacturing: a comprehensive framework for practitioners

In today's competitive environment cellular manufacturing (CM) is a well-known strategy in improving manufacturing performance. To obtain the full benefits that CM has to offer successful implementation is a critical factor. Evidence indicates that firms converting to CM often struggle with implementation and achieve results that are less than anticipated. A comprehensive review of implementation literature was undertaken and a multi-phase model developed and evaluated through a case study. The framework recognizes the importance of both technical and human aspects of CM and provides practitioners with a better understanding of the various phases in the implementation process, including the many activities and issues which need to be considered for each step. In the case study company, implementation of CM not only provided many of the benefits associated with this form of manufacturing but also allowed operators to become a value-adding link in respect to process and product improvement and new product development.     

Research on resources optimisation deployment model and algorithm for collaborative manufacturing process

Agility is the competitive advantage in the global manufacturing environment. It is believed that agility can be realised by networked manufacturing resource optimisation deployment. However, this is a challenge to us now. To solve this question, logical manufacturing unit and logical manufacturing process are proposed to decompose and model the networked manufacturing task, and networked manufacturing resources are organised and modelled based on physical manufacturing unit. During the deployment of manufacturing resources to the task, many factors should be taken into consideration. Of these, manufacturing cost, time and quality are the most important factors. In this paper, before these factors are considered, networked manufacturing resources pre-deployment is carried out to find the candidate manufacturing resources on the basis of manufacturing abilities. Then, resources optimisation deployment is modelled as a multi-objectives optimisation. This optimisation problem is solved based on genetic algorithm after transforming the multi-objectives optimisation problem to a single objectives optimisation problem. Although we may not find the optimal solution for the problem by genetic algorithm, the better and feasible solution is produced. Thus, this algorithm is efficient and can be applicable to practical problem. At last, an illustrative example is presented to show the application of the proposed algorithm.     

A technology selection framework for integrating manufacturing within a supply chain

This paper describes a structured analytical approach for selecting a manufacturing technology. A framework consisting of six integrated steps is proposed by considering the growing importance of supply chains in manufacturing organisations. The framework makes use of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) approach combined with strategic assessment model (SAM) to evaluate and select the technologies appropriate for providing overall competitive advantage. The framework is intended to assist industrial managers in promoting manufacturing and supply chain collaboration and co-ordination by including intra-organisational perspective in their organisational technology selection decision making process.     

提升台湾IC制造业竞争力之策略选择

首先介绍台湾IC产业之发展状况,然后进一步分析IC制造之竞争力,接着根据制造策略相关文献及业界专家意见访查,找出提升台湾IC制造竞争力之策略：设备利用率、先进制造技术、供货商关系、品质管制、人力资源,这些策略造就了台湾IC制造之竞争优势,也提供半导体制造管理之新典范。     

Product customisation: an empirical study of competitive advantage and repeat business

Empirical evidence is presented from 24 UK based manufacturing companies, all offering a degree of product customisation, with most having a significant pure customisation engineer-to-order (ETO) element. The evidence addresses the issue of competitive advantage, which has lacked empirical evidence in previous manufacturing strategy literature, and includes a detailed investigation of the strategic importance of repeat business. It contrasts its results with those previously found in the literature and concludes that there are significant differences in the competitive priorities theoretically associated with this sector. In particular, it is argued that cumulative capabilities are needed, with a low cost competence often included. Four different types of repeat business are identified, one relating to repeat business customisers and three relating to versatile manufacturing companies, and the strategic importance of repeat business is discussed. It is indicated that for some ETO companies, repeat business is perceived to be an important method to reduce costs and achieve business stability. However, a number of the other companies studied saw repeat business as infeasible and hence need to find other ways to reduce costs and improve company performance measures. Future research to extend this work into a longitudinal study or a broader survey is proposed.     

Lean,Six Sigma and Lean Six Sigma: an analysis based on operations strategy

There is a growing need for operations management models that contribute to the continuous improvement of company processes, among them we highlight lean manufacturing, Six Sigma and, more recently, Lean Six Sigma (LSS). This article aims (1) to identify and analyse the differences and complementarities in the production decision areas for each one of the three models; (2) to identify the competitive priorities that lead to the best performance as a result of policies followed in the decision areas as a result of the adopted model. First, a theoretical conceptual model was developed based on a review of the literature, followed by a exploratory research questions applied to manufacturing companies that use the lean, Six Sigma or LSS manufacturing models in southern Brazil. The main results show that there are differences in the models in relation to the importance of the decision areas and the performance achieved in the competitive priorities. Individually, lean manufacturing, Six Sigma and LSS have varying degrees of importance in the Facilities, Vertical Integration and Production Planning and Control decision areas. The performance dimensions with the best performance are speed, quality, reliability and cost.     

The significance of organizational change management for sustainable competitiveness in manufacturing: exploring the firm archetypes

The successful development and deployment of adequate sustainable manufacturing strategies are still open issues and of utmost interest for research and practice. Guided by this particular challenge, we investigate the significance of organisational change management for sustainable competitiveness in manufacturing. By using six case studies from the Lombardia region in Italy and basing our research on the theoretical constructs of competitive aggressiveness and organisational change, we discover four archetypes of companies that show an increasing sustainable competitiveness with an increasing formalism and persistence in organisational change. Our findings suggest that change management practices are conditional hypothesis for creating competitive advantage through sustainability, and implementation gaps do hinder companies in realising the full potential. The study offers guidance to stakeholders, on how change management actions may potentially affect company performance in the manufacturing sector, as well as providing direction on the impact improved planning and leadership instances can have on the sustainability performance.     

An introduction to Chinese manufacturing research institutions

The manufacturing environment has dramatically changed in the last few years. Worldwide competition among manufacturers and the development of new manufacturing technologies have contributed to today's competitive situation in many manufacturing areas. Advanced computer technology is the driver that has made global manufacturing competition possible. In this paper, the current research of advanced manufacturing technology at major institutions in China is introduced.     

An investigation into the development of the absorptive capacity of manufacturing SMEs

To sustain their competitive advantage in a highly competitive landscape, SMEs, in spite of their limited resources, need to effectively learn. The ability to access and successfully use knowledge is at the heart of absorptive capacity. The main purpose of this empirical study is to investigate the importance of awareness as an antecedent dimension of the concept of absorptive capacity of manufacturing SMEs from aerospace and advanced engineering industry in the UK. The study will also attempt to explore the impact of awareness on the other dimensions of absorptive capacity. Awareness is related to the importance, motivation and interest of learning and innovating. Our study, which focuses on internal processes adopts a mixed method approach and is based on the data collected from 43 SMEs. Our finding suggests that awareness as an antecedent dimension can play a vital role in helping SMEs to improve their knowledge-based resources through changes within their internal organisational and cognitive processes.