浅论包装的包装

从包装市场产品营销的角度出发论述包装的“包装”所必须重视的几个问题，即包装必须具有鲜明的个性，包装必须要为突出企业的形象服务，包装必须适应顾客的消费心理，包装必须注意同其他促销手术的联合运用等。     

包装信息与包装设计

讨论了包装信息涉及的内容及其各种表达方式。包装信息的研究是包装科学研究的一个重要方面，包装信息技术是包装设计中的一项重要技术。整合和强化包装信息方面的教学内容也是当前包装教育中教学改革的一项重要工作。     

包装策略与销售包装设计

围绕商品销售，探讨包装策略的内容及其与懈装设计的关系，指出销售包装设计械分为科学技术设计和促销设计两个方面，提出了从包装策略的角度来考虑销售包装设计的构思方法。     

绿色包装与智能包装结合探析

绿色包装与智能包装作为近年来包装行业的主要发展方向,目前在我国仍处于发展阶段,如果将两个方向结合并能作出延伸性发展,必将对我国包装行业的发展提供有益的帮助.简要介绍了绿色包装及智能包装的相关概念及发展历程,并分别探讨了3种类型的智能包装:功能结构型智能包装、功能材料型智能包装、信息型智能包装的发展现状以及它们与绿色包装的结合情况.研究结果表明,新型智能包装的发展应符合绿色包装原则,才具有更好的市场前景.     

运输包装

商品的运输包装是指商品在运输、储存和装卸过程中使用的包装。运输包装的主要功能是保护商品,方便运输、装卸、储存,便于堆码和记数等。根据不同的包装材料和包装方式,运输包装在通常情况下可分为以下几种：     

基于智能包装技术的电子商务减量化包装设计模式研究

目的 为了解决电子商务包装造成的包装资源浪费现象,探索减量化包装设计模式。方法 以我国电子商务包装存在的问题为研究基础,归纳智能化包装技术解决以上问题的优势,分析电子商务包装减量化设计的思路。结果 系统探索了智能化技术与电商包装结合的设计路径,提出电子商务减量化包装设计应从包装循环模式、包装结构的减量化、减量化智能包装材料的选取、包装装潢的虚拟智能设计等方面考虑。结论 智能包装技术为电商包装的现有问题提出了新的解决思路,将推动电子商务包装向更为减量化、安全化、和谐化的方向发展。     

论月饼包装

简述了月饼包装的概况,分析了月饼包装中存在的过度包装现象及其危害,并提出了月饼应提倡适度包装的观点.文章对实施适度包装的理论依据进行了分析,指出月饼实施适度包装符合包装的功能要求与绿色包装理论的要求.文章还从选择合适的材料、细分市场、设计合理的结构、利用立法实施适度包装等四方面阐述了月饼实施适度包装的途径.     

包装专利

用杯子密封包装茶叶的方法；一种缓冲包装衬垫及其制作方法；一种滴鼻用灵杆菌多糖按疗程的组合包装；缓冲包装材；具有改进防渗性能的包装材料；[编者按]     

销售包装是包装发展的主流

如今社会上、生活上、几乎天天、人人都在接触“包装”。耐人寻味的是 :连演员、歌星也都在讲究起“包装”。令人信服的是 :经过一番“包装” ,给人留下的印象、产生的效果 ,确是大不一样。这是“包装”一词在新时代的特殊应用 ,也是在给“包装”功能、价值和魅力的认可和肯定。“包装”作为动词来讲 ,是指盛填、包扎物品时的操作行为。若作为名词来讲 ,则是指盛装和保护物品的容器。在中国包装标准————“包装通用术语”里是这样解释的 :为在流通过程中 ,保护产品、方便储运、促进销售 ,按一定技术方法而采用的容器、材料及辅助物品总体…     

包装工业与高等包装工程教育

讨论包装工业与包装行业管理的不同内涵,提出包装管理的十个主要方面;根据我国实际情况,论述我国高等包装工程教育应开设的四个专业方向。     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

尼尔斯·布兰森的标准观--用社会学的方法看标准化

本文对布兰森的著作《一个标准的世界》做了概述，重点介绍了他通过社会学方法建立的标准观，包括指令、标准、准则的基本概念以及它们之间的关系，针对标准化、市场、组织机构作为三种社会体制元素的讨论，以及本文作者根据布兰森的观点归纳出的指令、标准、准则关系模型，并在此基础之上初步探讨社会发展过程中的创新、规则以及体制之间的关系。作者认为布兰森的标准观从市场化的观点来看是站得住脚的，但是与我国标准化界的主流观点并不完全吻合，希望通过本文引起国内的讨论。     

Survey of Industrial,Agricultural, and Medical Applications of Radiometric Gauging and Process Control

Photon and particle radiations (gamma rays, x rays, brems-strahlung, electrons and other charged particles, and neutrons) from radioactive isotopes, x-ray tubes, and accelerators are now widely used in gauging, production control, and other monitoring and metrology devices where avoidance of mechanical contact is desirable. The general principles of radiation gauges, which rely on detection of radiation transmitted by the sample, or on detection of scattered or other secondary radiations produced in the sample, are discussed. Examples of such devices currently used or at least shown to be feasible in industrial, transportation, building, mining, agricultural, medical, and other metrology situations are presented, drawing from a total of 146 selected technical and review paper reference sources here cited.     

Microwave Processing of Materials and Applications in Manufacturing Industries: A Review

The main focused aim of developing new processing and manufacturing technologies are to reduce production or manufacturing costs, processing times, and to enhance manufactured product properties. The developed processing techniques should be widely acceptable for all types of materials including metal matrix composites, ceramics, alloys, and fiber reinforced plastics. Microwave materials processing is emerging as a novel processing technology which is applicable to a wide variety of materials system including processing of MMC, FRP, alloys, ceramics, metals, powder metallurgy, material joining, coatings, and claddings. In comparison to the conventional processes, microwave processing of materials offers better mechanical properties with reduced defects and economical advantages in terms of power and time savings. The present review work focuses mainly on global developments taking place in the field of microwave processing of materials and their relevant industrial applications.     

Study on latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solutions

In this study, latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solutions was measured to understand latent heat of fusion of ice slurries. Propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, ethanol, NaCl and NaNO₃ solutions were used as aqueous solutions. For measurements, pure ice was placed into solution, and temperature variations of the solution due to melting of ice were measured. Effective latent heat of fusion was calculated using an energy balance equation. Concentration of the solution varied due to ice melting, and dilution heat was considered. Therefore, latent heat of fusion of ice in aqueous solutions was predicted by considering the effects of dilution and freezing-point depression. We found that effective latent heat of fusion of ice decreased with increasing concentration of the solution, and effective latent heat of fusion was derived from latent heat of fusion of pure ice, effects of freezing-point depression, and dilution heat.     

计量性是复杂工业产品技术状态控制及大数据管理的基石

以质量控制观念及大数据管理为视角,阐述了计量性的概念、意义和价值,指出了计量性实质上就是产品状态参量的可激励性、可控制性和可观测性。按照技术目标与能力要求,将计量性划分为5个不同的技术等级,以贯穿从产品的设计制造到使用维护的全寿命过程。讨论了计量性对提升产品成熟度的作用。     

Introduction to the field of cryobiology and overview of selected papers

The article is a synopsis of the 9 papers in the field of cryobiology, particularly regarding the use of modern cryopreservation and related techniques for conservation of genetic resources of endangered species and economically important breeds of wild and domesticated animals and plants published in this issue of the International Journal of Refrigeration. The papers are related to vitrification, primarily of reproductive and progenitor cells as a swiftly expanding and effective approach of biostabilization, as well as to cryopreservation of spermatozoa, leucocytes, and other cells of the humans, sturgeon species, European mink, marine invertebrates, and plants. A brief introduction to cryobiology and related fields is also provided.     

用于新型冠状病毒检测的纳米材料及生物传感技术

新型冠状病毒肺炎(Corona Virus Disease 2019, COVID-19)疫情大流行引起全球对此重大突发公共卫生事件的高度关注。新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)经过多次突变,出现传染速度加快、免疫逃逸、隐匿性传播等特性,令防控形势至今仍异常严峻。对患者的早发现、早隔离仍然是目前最有效的防控措施。因此,迫切需要快速、高灵敏的检测手段来甄别此病毒,以便及早识别感染者。本文简要介绍了SARS-CoV-2的一般特征,并针对核酸、抗体、抗原及病原体作为检测靶标的不同检测手段及最新进展进行分类概述;对一些光学、电学、磁学以及可视化的新型纳米传感器在SARS-CoV-2检测技术上的应用进行了分析。鉴于纳米技术的应用在提高检测灵敏度、特异性以及准确率上具有优势,本文详细介绍了新型纳米传感器在SARS-CoV-2检测中的研究进展,包括表面增强拉曼基生物传感器、电化学生物传感器、磁纳米生物传感器以及比色生物传感器等,并探讨了纳米材料在新型生物传感器构建中的作用和挑战,为纳米材料研究人员开发各种类型的冠状病毒传感技术提供思路。     

La2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米陶瓷粉末的制备及高温相稳定性

用化学共沉淀法制备4.5%Y2O3-ZrO2(YSZ)和0.6%La2O3-YSZ、0.8%La2O3-YSZ、1.2%La2O3-YSZ(0.6La、0.8La、1.2La)(摩尔分数)纳米复合陶瓷粉末,研究了四组粉末的高温相稳定性.结果表明:采用正向滴淀方法制备的0.6La粉末(粒径～50 nm)团聚严重,而用反向...     

A review of processing techniques for graphene-reinforced metal matrix composites

In the quest to enhance reinforcement efficiency of graphene in metal matrices, various processing techniques have been devised over recent years. As the advancement in this field nowhere seems to slow down, the processing aspects of graphene-reinforced metal matrix composites are becoming more relevant than ever. In that premise, there lies an imminent need for a critical assessment of existing fabrication routes and their ability to extend a solution for the primary challenges of agglomeration, dispersion, interfacial interaction and structural integrity of graphene in metal matrix composites. This review presents a brief yet a meaningful insight to the processing techniques for graphene-reinforced metal matrix composites, while highlighting the key findings from individual studies, thereby expressing the primitive challenges and strengthens of these techniques. A critical evaluation of state of the art is presented alongside an inclusive review of improvement in mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of composites fabricated by various processing routes. In the consideration of reviewed literature, it is established that a comprehensive processing strategy with a potential to simultaneously address all of the key processing challenges of graphene, is yet to nurture. Conclusively, future road map and a potential solution encompassing hybrid processing strategies, is opined.