基于新核函数的支持向量机在物体分类中的应用

在基于视的物体识别中,将图像的局部信息引入到图像的相似性度量,提出了一种新的图像距离度量,并把它嵌入到支持向量机的核函数中,得到了一种新的核函数--基于局部卡方距离(Chi-square distance)的核函数.物体分类实验结果表明,新算法优于非线性支持向量机,区别张量一阶分解(DTROD),稀疏网络模型(SNW)等方法.     

基于支持向量机的多元文本分类研究

根据文本分类的特点，在对最小二乘支持向量机方法进行详细分析的基础上，创建了基于最小二乘支持向量机的多元文本分类器．实验表明，采用该文本分类器能够在保持较高分类精度和召回率的基础上，提高训练效率，具有一定的可行性．     

组合核函数支持向量机在水中目标识别中的应用

论文研究了支持向量机核函数构成条件以及不同核函数的特性，结合水中目标识别技术特点，提出了一种组合核函数支持向量机的方法。提取了基于小波变换的舰船辐射噪声奇异性、尺度-过零、尺度-能量特征，对水中目标进行了SVM分类识别。研究表明，基于组合核函数的支持向量机分类识别效果优于单独核函数的支持向量机识别效果。     

基于支持向量机的步态分类方法

针对小样本步态数据引起的分类器泛化能力差的问题,提出了基于支持向量机的步态分类方法.采集了24名青年和24名老年受试者的步态数据,提取24个步态特征训练支持向量机,采用交叉验证方法评估分类器的泛化性能.结果表明,本文提出的方法能够有效地对小样本步态数据分类,并且具有良好的泛化性.不同的核函数对分类性能影响较小.与传统反向传播学习算法的神经网络分类器进行了比较,支持向量机分类性能明显优于传统反向传播学习算法的神经网络.支持向量机在步态分类中具有广泛的应用前景.     

基于支持向量机的遥感影像分类研究

以焦作地区部分IKONOS遥感影像为数据源,采用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类器,通过解算最优化问题,在高维特征空间中寻找最优分类超平面,从而解决复杂数据的分类及回归问题。结果表明,利用SVM进行遥感图像分类的精度高,有明显的技术优势和应用前景。     

应用支持向量机进行网上信息自动分类

从SVMs的原理出发，介绍了用SVMs对网上信息进行自动分类的方法，分析了它能够防止出现“过学习”现象的原因以及对网上信息分类的适应性，并讨论了它的不足和可改进之处。     

支持向量机分类法在设备状态评估中的应用

通过在线监测诊断系统,对炼油厂量机分类法应用于设备运行状态的评估,定量给出反映设备运行状态的优劣指标.由评估参数的变化,发现机组出现异常.停机检修发现烟机叶片不均匀磨损,为企业设备维修计划提供科学依据.     

基于支持向量机的印品缺陷分类方法

目的研究印品图像的各类形状缺陷,建立基于支持向量机(Support vector machine,SVM)的印品形状缺陷分类模型。方法对印品进行符合人眼视觉特性的缺陷识别,并对提取缺陷进行特征分析。将特征数据导入支持向量机进行训练学习,SVM分类器对缺陷图像进行测试。结果分类器对点缺陷和面缺陷的识别率为100%,对线缺陷的分类准确率达93.94%。结论基于SVM的缺陷分类方法能较好地满足印品质量检测的需求。     

一种基于视图和支持向量机的三维物体识别方法

为提高三维物体识别系统性能并减少计算复杂性,本文提出了一种基于视图的方法.首先从三维物体的二维视图中提取颜色矩、纹理特征和仿射不变矩.颜色矩对于物体的大小和姿态不敏感且性能稳健.纹理特征可区别形状相似但外观不同的物体.仿射不变矩在物体发生仿射形变下具有不变性.本文将上述各种特征组合为23个分量的特征向量,送入支持向量机进行训练并识别.基于两种公开的三维物体数据库COIL-100和ALOI测试了本文方法性能.当每物体训练视角为36个(视角间隔10°)时,在两个数据库上的实验都达到了100%的识别率.进一步减少训练视角数量也达到较满意的识别性能,优于文献中的方法.     

基于多超平面支持向量机的图像语义分类算法

由于图像的低层可视特征与高层语义内容之间存在巨大的语义鸿沟,而基于内容的图像分类和检索准确性极大依赖低层可视特征的描述,本文提出了一种基于多超平面支持向量机的图像语义分类方法.多超平面分类器从优化问题的复杂度和运行泛化能力两方面进行研究,是最优分离超平面分类器一种显而易见的扩展.实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在图像语义分类的准确性方面要优于诸如采用色彩特征和纹理特征的支持向量机分类器的其它方法.     

Alzheimer disease classification using KPCA,LDA, and multi‐kernel learning SVM

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is always useful. Preventive measures might have an impact on reducing AD risk factors. Structural magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, one of the vital sensitive biomarkers for cerebral atrophy in the brain, is used to extract volumetric feature by FreeSurfer and the CIVET toolbox. All of the structural magnetic resonance imaging (s‐MRI) data that we used were downloaded from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database (adni.loni.usc.edu) of imaging data. This novel approach is applied for the diagnosis of AD and MCI from healthy controls (HCs) combining extracted features with the MMSE (mini‐mental state examination) scores, applying a two sample t‐test to select a subset of features. The subset of features is fed to kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) module to project data onto the reduced principal component coefficients at higher dimensional kernel space to increase the linear separability. Then, the kernel PCA coefficients are projected into the more efficient linear discriminant space using linear discriminant analysis. A multi‐kernel learning support vector machine (SVM) is used on newly projected data for stratification of AD and MCI from HCs. Using this approach, we obtain 93.85% classification accuracy when detecting AD from HCs for segmented volumetric features (using FreeSurfer) with high sensitivity and specificity. When distinguishing MCI from HCs and AD using volumetric features after subcortical segmentation, the detection rate reaches 86.54% and 75.12%, respectively.     

Brain tumor severity analysis using modified multi‐texton histogram and hybrid kernel SVM

Magnetic resonance image (MRI) segmentation refers to a process of assigning labels to set of pixels or multiple regions. It plays a major role in the field of biomedical applications as it is widely used by the radiologists to segment the medical images input into meaningful regions. In recent years, various brain tumor detection techniques are presented in the literature. In this article, we have developed an approach to brain tumor detection and severity analysis is done using the various measures. The proposed approach comprises of preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. In preprocessing steps, we need to perform skull stripping and then, anisotropic filtering is applied to make image suitable for extracting features. In feature extraction, we have modified the multi‐texton histogram (MTH) technique to improve the feature extraction. In the classification stage, the hybrid kernel is designed and applied to training of support vector machine to perform automatic detection of tumor region in MRI images. For comparison analysis, our proposed approach is compared with the existing works using K‐cross fold validation method. From the results, we can conclude that the modified multi‐texton histogram with non‐linear kernels has shown the accuracy of 86% but the MTH with non‐linear kernels shows the accuracy of 83.8%.     

基于DT-CWT和SVM的纹理分类算法

提出了一种基于双树复数小波变换(DT-CWT)和支持向量机(SVM)的纹理分类算法.双树复数小波变换不仅具有实数小波的诸多优点,而且还具有近似平移不变性、良好的方向选择性和低冗余度,并且能对图像进行完全重构,能够更好地刻画纹理的特性;支持向量机算法是近年发展起来的性能优越的分类算法,比传统分类器有很大的优越性:避免了局部最优解和"维数灾"问题,其最优分类超平面的思想能够提高分类准确度.该方法用双树复数小波对纹理图像进行滤波并在各方向子带上进行重构,再计算其局部能量函数得到每个像素的特征向量,最后利用支持向量机算法实现对纹理图像像素的分类.将本方法与其它的分类算法进行比较,实验结果表明,提出的算法能有效地提高正确分类率.     

Analysis and classification of malignancy in pancreatic magnetic resonance images using neural network techniques

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is a computerized way of detecting tumors in MR images. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been generally used in the diagnosis and detection of pancreatic tumors. In a medical imaging system, soft tissue contrast and noninvasiveness are clear preferences of MRI. Inaccurate detection of tumor and long time consumption are the disadvantages of MRI. Computerized classifiers can greatly renew the diagnosis activity, in terms of both accuracy and time necessity by normal and abnormal images, automatically. This article presents an intelligent, automatic, accurate, and robust method to classify human pancreas MRI images as normal or abnormal in terms of pancreatic tumor. It represents the response of artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) techniques for pancreatic tumor classification. For this, we extract features from MR images of pancreas using the GLCM method and select the best features using JAFER algorithm. These features are analyzed by five classification techniques: ANN BP, ANN RBF, SVM Linear, SVM Poly, and SVM RBF. We compare the results with benchmark data set of MR brain images. The analytical outcome presents that the two best features used to classify the MR images using ANN BP technique have 98% classification accuracy.     

Modelling of spatial causality among distinctive properties of an image using conditional random field for image classification

In this paper, we proposed an ordered patch-based method using conditional random field (CRF) in order to encode local properties and their spatial relationship in the images to address texture classification, face recognition and scene classification problems. Typical image classification approaches classify images without considering spatial causality among distinctive properties of an image to represent it in the feature space. In this method first, each image is encoded as a sequence of ordered patches including local properties. Second, the sequence of these ordered patches is modelled as a probabilistic feature vector using CRF to model spatial relationship of these local properties; and finally, image classification is performed on such probabilistic image representation. Experimental results on several standard image datasets indicate that the proposed method outperforms some of existing image classification methods.     

基于SVM的高通量dPCR基因芯片荧光图像分类研究

目的 为了实现高通量dPCR基因芯片荧光图像的亮点分类与计数,提出一种基于支持向量机（SVM）的荧光图像分类与计数方法。方法 首先对荧光图像进行去噪、对比度增强等图像预处理,对预处理后荧光图像进行亮点区域提取标注,去除背景与暗点的冗余信息,利用方向梯度直方图（Histogram of Oriented Gradient, HOG）提取鉴别特征,计算合并所有样本的亮点特征得到HOG特征向量,根据已得到的HOG特征向量创建一个线性SVM分类器,利用训练好的SVM分类器对荧光图像亮点进行分类与计数。结果 对比传统算法,文中算法具有较高的分类识别精度,平均准确率高达98%以上,可以很好地实现荧光图像亮点分类与计数。结论 在有限的小样本标注数据下,文中算法具有良好的分类性能,能够有效识别荧光图像中的亮点,对其他荧光图像分类研究也具有一定参考价值。     

SVM and KNN Based CNN Architectures for Plant Classification

Automatic plant classification through plant leaf is a classical problem in Computer Vision. Plants classification is challenging due to the introduction of new species with a similar pattern and look-a-like. Many efforts are made to automate plant classification using plant leaf, plant flower, bark, or stem. After much effort, it has been proven that leaf is the most reliable source for plant classification. But it is challenging to identify a plant with the help of leaf structure because plant leaf shows similarity in morphological variations, like sizes, textures, shapes, and venation. Therefore, it is required to normalize all plant leaves into the same size to get better performance. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) provides a fair amount of accuracy when leaves are classified using this approach. But the performance can be improved by classifying using the traditional approach after applying CNN. In this paper, two approaches, namely CNN + Support Vector Machine (SVM) and CNN + K-Nearest Neighbors (kNN) used on 3 datasets, namely LeafSnap dataset, Flavia Dataset, and MalayaKew Dataset. The datasets are augmented to take care all the possibilities. The assessments and correlations of the predetermined feature extractor models are given. CNN + kNN managed to reach maximum accuracy of 99.5%, 97.4%, and 80.04%, respectively, in the three datasets.     

Performance analysis of EM,SVD, and SVM classifiers in classification of carcinogenic regions of medical images

In this article, the performance analysis of Expectation Maximization (EM), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifiers for classification of carcinogenic regions from various medical images is carried out. Cancer detection is one of the critical issues where excessive care needs to be taken for better diagnosis. Any classifier needs to detect the cancer with respect to the efficiency in time of detection and performance. Due to these, three classifiers are selected: Expectation Maximization (EM), Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), and Support Vector Machines (SVM). EM classifier performs as the optimizer and SVD classifier performs as the dual class classifier. SVM classifier is used as both optimizer and classifier for multiclass classification procedure and for wide stage cancer detection procedures. The performance analysis of all the three classifiers are analyzed for a group of 100 cancer patients based on the benchmark parameter such as Performance Measures and Quality Metrics. From the experimental results it is evident, that the SVM classifier significantly outperforms other classifiers in the classification of carcinogenic regions of medical images.     

Robust kernel distance multivariate control chart using support vector principles

It is important to monitor manufacturing processes in order to improve product quality and reduce production cost. Statistical Process Control (SPC) is the most commonly used method for process monitoring, in particular making distinctions between variations attributed to normal process variability to those caused by ‘special causes’. Most SPC and multivariate SPC (MSPC) methods are parametric in that they make assumptions about the distributional properties and autocorrelation structure of in-control process parameters, and, if satisfied, are effective in managing false alarms/-positives and false-negatives. However, when processes do not satisfy these assumptions, the effectiveness of SPC methods is compromised. Several non-parametric control charts based on sequential ranks of data depth measures have been proposed in the literature, but their development and implementation have been rather slow in industrial process control. Several non-parametric control charts based on machine learning principles have also been proposed in the literature to overcome some of these limitations. However, unlike conventional SPC methods, these non-parametric methods require event data from each out-of-control process state for effective model building. The paper presents a new non-parametric multivariate control chart based on kernel distance that overcomes these limitations by employing the notion of one-class classification based on support vector principles. The chart is non-parametric in that it makes no assumptions regarding the data probability density and only requires ‘normal’ or in-control data for effective representation of an in-control process. It does, however, make an explicit provision to incorporate any available data from out-of-control process states. Experimental evaluation on a variety of benchmarking datasets suggests that the proposed chart is effective for process monitoring.