共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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采用光学干涉仪准确地测量长度是非常容易的。然而,如果没有一个用来计算干涉条纹的运动装置,单频干涉仪的测量范围就被限制于小于半波长。为了解决这个问题,已经研究出一种频率扫描方法。它的相位分辨率不是太高,不过于涉条纹级次的整数部分可以确定下来。我们建议使用一种能够准确地测量长度的方法,那就是将高分辨率的相位测量技术和频率扫描技术相结合。这里使用一台频率扫描外差式干涉仪对这个方法进行研究。使用宽带频率扫描方法,结合外差相位测量,我们可以得到优于四分之一波长的高分辨率。这就意味着,我们测量绝对长度的精度达到纳米级,因为通过频率扫描可以确定条纹干涉级次的整数部分。测量距离在4mm时精度达到3mm。 相似文献
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微片激光自混合干涉仪原理上与迈克尔逊干涉仪不同。主要差别是:激光自混合干涉仪的光束照射在被测物上并被反射回激光器被激光器内放大介质放大。作者课题组研究的的激光自混合干涉仪的测量速度达到了1 m/s以上,10 m空程的环境误差小到了40 nm。它具有全固态、可测"黑"目标的位移等性能,又达到了传统激光干涉仪的技术指标。如果第一代光学干涉仪是以光谱灯做光源,第二代光学干涉仪是以He Ne气体激光器做光源的话,固体激光自混合干涉仪因其激光"自混合"原理可看成是第三代激光干涉仪。 相似文献
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水中脉冲电晕放电测试系统 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了一套水中电晕放电测试系统.由高速摄影系统、电参数测量系统和压力测量系统组成.高速摄影系统由GSJ转镜式高速摄影仪和德国产Pentazet35型摄影仪等组成,最高拍摄频率分别为250万幅/s和4万幅/s.电参数测量系统由高压表、电阻分压器、同轴分流器和Tektronix THS730A示波器组成.详细分析了整个系统的敏感设备、干扰源及其传播途径,并提出了相应的控制措施.压力测试系统主要有压电式传感器等组成. 相似文献
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本文通过实验验证了一种新型的测量液体流动的流速传感器。液体流动的力作用在小圆盘上,导致悬臂梁的扭曲变形。将布拉格光纤光栅植于悬臂梁上。通过检测布拉格光纤光栅波长漂移,就可以得到液体流速。实验结果显示了这种传感器的可行性。实验实现的测量范围为0--120cm/s,测量精度最高可达到5cm/s。同时,本文提出了通过改变传感器的材料可以扩大测量范围。 相似文献
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A practical all-fiber three-dimensional measurement system is demonstrated with an incoherent interferometer at the eye-safe wavelength of 1.55 mum. The sensitivity and axial resolution are as high as 102 dB and 1.4 mum from a few meters' distance, respectively. A rotating scanner is developed for axial scanning, and a wide longitudinal scanning range of 54 mm is demonstrated. The high resolution images of a few samples are clearly obtained at the speed of 52 points/s. Moreover, the resolution, sensitivity, speed, and angle dependence are discussed for measurement of a 100 yen Japanese coin. 相似文献
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为解决法布里?珀罗(Fabry?Perot, F?P)干涉仪锁频方法响应速度、抗干扰能力、长期稳定性方面存在不足的问题,提出了F?P干涉仪差分锁频方案,将存在频差的双频激光耦合入F?P谐振腔,当激光频差足够小时,两光强信号曲线存在交叉,以两光强信号的差值作为被控量,在交叉点附近构建单调过零函数,作为闭环控制系统的反馈量,实现动态差分锁频控制。基于该方案,搭建了一套F?P干涉仪微位移测量装置并开展实验验证,结果表明该装置能够实现0 ~ 300 nm范围内的微位移测量,位移测量分辨力达到23 pm,验证了F?P干涉仪差分锁频方案的有效性,为推动微位移测量领域的发展提供了重要借鉴。 相似文献
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Wind speed can be measured remotely, with varying degrees of success, using interferometry of Doppler-shifted optical spectra. Under favorable conditions, active systems using laser pulse backscatter are capable of high resolution; passive systems, which measure Doppler shifts of atmospheric emission lines in the mesosphere, have also been shown. Two-beam interferometry of Doppler-shifted absorption lines has not been previously investigated; we describe such an effort here. Even in a well-defined environment, measuring absorption line Doppler shifts requires overcoming several technical hurdles in order to obtain sensitivity to wind speeds on the order of 10 m/s. These hurdles include precise knowledge of the shape of the absorption line, tight, stable filtering, and understanding precisely how an interferometer phase should respond to a change in the absorption profile. We discuss the instrument design, a Michelson interferometer and Fabry-Perot filter, and include an analysis of how to choose the optimal optical path difference of the two beams for a given spectrum and filter. We discuss two beam interferometric measurements of emission line and absorption line Doppler shifts, and include an illustration of the effects of filtering on LIDAR Doppler interferometry. Finally, we discuss the construction and implementation of a Michelson interferometer used to measure Doppler shifts of oxygen absorption lines and present results obtained with 5 m/s wind speed measurement precision. Although the theoretical shot noise limited Doppler wind speed measurement of the system described can be less than 1 m/s, the instrument's resolution limit is dominated by residual filter instability. Application of absorption line interferometry to determine atmospheric wind speeds remains problematic. 相似文献
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针对自动络筒机落纱小车自主开发需求,设计出一种基于机器视觉的条码尺精确测量技术检测落纱小车在轨道上的位置。该测量方法以条码尺为基准,条码尺由刻度尺和条形码组成。实验中首先在相机初始位置对相机与条码尺进行标定,相机移动过程中实时获取当前对应条码尺图像,计算出当前条码尺坐标,从而计算出相机相对于条码尺的位移。结果表明:该测量方法无累积误差,实现了小车在行走过程中位置的实时监测。相机帧频为30 Hz、物距为15 cm时,输出图像分辨率为640×480像素;小车运行速度小于2 cm/s时,条码尺坐标测量误差小于1 mm;速度在2~6 cm/s之间时,条码尺坐标测量误差为1~2 mm;速度为6~10 cm/s时,条码尺坐标测量误差为2~3.5 mm。该方法能够满足落纱小车低速运行情况下定位精度的要求。 相似文献
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A closed-loop phase-shifting Fizeau-type interferometer was constructed that uses direct frequency modulation of a laser diode. The interferometer is servo controlled entirely in the phase domain, where optical phases are detected by two-frequency optical heterodyning. A detailed study of stabilization of the interferometer under feedback control was conducted both experimentally and theoretically. The interferometer showed good stability against vibration up to 200 Hz. The stabilization factors obtained experimentally are in good agreement with the theoretical calculations. The phase-shifting experiment was accomplished with high precision as well as with high stability against external disturbances. The profile measurement of a mirror surface was made with a phase-shifting analysis algorithm, and good measurement reproducibility of lambda/60 in the root-mean-square value was obtained for ten measurements within a period of 20 min. 相似文献
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对高帧频电视测量的炸点目标飞行指标进行了分析,推导出测角误差、作用距离、飞行时间与飞行高度等飞行指标的计算公式,在此基础上对不同速度的相机和不同速度的运动目标的测角误差进行了对比研究。结果表明,采用高帧频电视测量对减小测角误差作用明显;同时,根据作用距离与相机拍摄速度的制约关系,进一步得出作用距离与拍摄速度的关系式。当相机工作在200fps,炸点飞行速度小于50m/s,爆炸当量200g TNT,利用对比分析结果和推导出的关系式,计算出测角误差小于50″,最大作用距离3km。经靶场实测,计算结果与实际飞行指标基本吻合。 相似文献
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研制了一种新型直线超声电机,首先对其驱动机理进行探讨,设计电机的具体结构,其次对定子进行频率响应实验,模态实验,实验显示电机可有效激励出所需振型,正反向运动灵活,电机的工作频率42550Hz;最大无负载速度可达76mm/s,最大输出推力2N。 相似文献
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A method for simultaneous measurement of geometric thickness and refractive index of an optical wafer is presented. By using a fiber optic Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with a free space, the transmission spectrum of a MZI for the optical wafer at different incidence angle is interrogated, and the geometric thickness and the refractive index of the optical wafer are measured simultaneously. With the transmission spectrum, we can obtain a clear interferogram with a high visibility no matter how small the measurement range of the refractive index. Therefore the proposed technique possesses a broad measurement range and low cost. The experimental results show that the maximum errors of the geometric thickness and the refractive index are only 0.007?mm and 0.008, respectively, and that a broad measurement from 1.316 to 3.503 can be achieved. 相似文献
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Frequency changes induced by bias or temperature modulation of injection diode lasers can provide an economical and effective method of applying phase-stepping interferometry to optical metrology. However, the intrinsic frequency instability of these devices limits their use in gauge block interferometry where precise and repeatable phase steps must be maintained simultaneously on two discontinuous surfaces and over relatively long path lengths. We demonstrate a method using a visible injection diode laser, the frequency of which is locked by using a Fabry-Perot interferometer. Small changes to the length of the Fabry-Perot interferometer shift the frequency of the laser producing proportional and repeatable phase steps to the gauge block interferogram. This method has been successfully implemented with a Fizeau-type gauge block interferometer with a phase measurement resolution of 0.005 lambda. The phase data are then processed to map the surface form of gauge blocks up to 100 mm in length and to objectively assess surface shape parameters. 相似文献