煤泥分选与脱水技术研究

坚持用科学技术创新改造完善生产工艺系统．提高设备运行效果,促进煤泥合理分选,能够有效控制煤泥走向,提高煤泥脱水效果,保障产品质量,提高洗煤效益。     

改性膨润土及其在环保方面的应用

本文综述了膨润土的改性及其近年来在环境保护方面的应用     

改性膨润土对水溶液中草甘膦的吸附研究

分别用硫酸和十六烷基三甲基溴化胺（CTMAB）制备酸改性膨润土和有机改性膨润土,系统地研究了这两种改性膨润土对水溶液中草甘膦的吸附行为。结果表明：两种改性土都在碱性条件下吸附效果较好,草甘膦在酸改性膨润土上的吸附主要与表面羟基有关,在CTMAB改性膨润土上的吸附是分配机理起主要作用。草甘膦在酸改性膨润土上的吸附满足Langmuir吸附模型,吸附过程符合伪二级动力学方程,对CTMAB改性膨润土更满足Fkundlich吸附模型,吸附过程符合伪一级动力学方程。     

膨润土的改性技术与应用研究现状

膨润土是一种重要的非金属矿产，资源丰富，应用广泛。本文在查阅大量文献的基础上，并结合课题研究工作，对膨润土的改性技术、改性膨润土的应用与改性效果进行了系统的综述。     

纳米改性膨润土对苯酚的吸附及其机理探讨

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和壳聚糖对钠基膨润土改性,制得纳米改性膨润土复合材料(以下简称纳米改性土),研究其对苯酚的吸附行为。结果表明:改性剂成功负载于钠基膨润土片层表面;改性剂掺杂量、活化反应时间、pH值和吸附时间均会影响其吸附性能;吸附机理主要表现为分配作用和吸附电中和作用。     

聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵/偶联剂改性膨润土对苯酚的吸附研究

采用阳离子聚电解质聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(PDMDAAC)和硅烷偶联剂(KH550)对钙基膨润土进行改性,得到有机改性膨润土.研究发现,PDMDAAC和KH550成功负载在膨润土表面,其结构没有发生改变.以苯酚为吸附对象,采用该有机改性膨润土对其进行模拟吸附,当有机改性膨润土的投加量为2g/L,吸附时间20min,pH...     

新型水处理剂改性膨润土在水处理中的应用研究进展

新型水处理剂膨润土及其改性膨润土在水处理的应用研究方面日益广泛,本文综述了其在去除废污水中的重金属、有机污染物、放射性废物、病毒、农药以及在除油、除臭、除色等方面的应用研究进展,表明了其在水处理方面的应用潜力巨大,值得进一步深入研究和开发.     

无机改性膨润土制备及吸附苯酚废水的研究

以膨润土为原料,Fe(OH)<'2+>为改性剂,制备了无机改性膨润土吸附剂,研究了该吸附剂对苯酚废水的吸附性能,结果表明:在温度为30℃,pH为8左右,废水初始浓度为100mg/L,吸附剂用量为10g/L,吸附时间为50min,苯酚的去除率可达到92%以上.     

有机改性膨润土吸附污水中Cr~(6+)的研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为有机插层剂,研究钠基膨润土有机化的影响因素及有机膨润土吸附低浓度含Cr6+废水的热力学行为。结果表明,制备有机膨润土的优化工艺条件是:体系pH为7,活化温度为70℃,配料比为1.1 mmol/g,固液比为0.05 g/mL,活化时间为1 h;当有机膨润土的质量浓度为8 g/L时,对水溶液中Cr6+的去除率可达98%以上;有机膨润土吸附Cr6+符合Freundlich等温吸附方程。     

改性膨润土催化合成异戊酸异戊酯

以硫酸改性的膨润土作为催化剂合成异戊酸异戊酯,最佳工艺条件为异戊醇与异戊酸摩尔比为1:2,催化剂用量为原料总量的5%,反应时间6h,酯化率达98.6%。     

Sorption of Pb(II) on sodium polyacrylate modified bentonite

Bentonite is widely used in various anti-seepage systems in landfills and is often exposed to leachate that are strongly acidic and have high concentrations of heavy metals. However, natural bentonite cannot resist the damage caused by cations and adsorbs harmful substances from the liquid in the process of permeation simultaneously. In order to solve this obstacle problem, we investigate the sorption characteristics of previous sodium polyacrylate bentonite (SPB), which has the low permeability and chemical resistance. A series of batch sorption experiments were performed to evaluate the degree of influence of parameters (contact time, pH, temperature, and concentration of Pb(II)). The resultant SPB samples were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that negatively charged hydrophilic group (carboxyl group, -COOH) of sodium polyacrylate formed a directional arrangement and wrapped the layers of bentonite. This makes the polyacrylate sodium membrane to allow water to pass through easily and block the cations, thereby protecting bentonite from the cation exchange reaction. Compared with raw bentonite (RB), the sorption of Pb(II) of SPB was significantly improved in acid, and the maximum sorption capacity increased by about 20%, reaching 72.89 mmol/100 g. Thus, SPB is an ideal impermeable material to block the leachate and it exhibits low permeability, chemical resistance, and high adsorption for heavy metals.     

Removal of basic dye by modified Unye bentonite, Turkey

The adsorption behavior of crystal violet (CV(+)) from aqueous solution onto raw (RB) and manganese oxide-modified (MMB) bentonite samples was investigated as a function of parameters such as initial CV(+) concentration, contact time and temperature. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacities of RB and MMB were estimated as 0.32 and 1.12 mmol/g, respectively. The mean adsorption energy derived from D-R isotherm for MMB showed that the type of adsorption of dye molecules on this material may be defined as chemical adsorption. The adsorption rate was fast and more than half of the adsorbed-CV(+) was removed in the first 55 min for RB and 5 min for MMB at the room temperature. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetic and the intraparticle diffusion models were used to describe the kinetic data and rate constants were evaluated. The thermodynamic parameters such as DeltaH, DeltaS and DeltaG were found 117.41 kJ/mol, 41.50 J/(molK), -5.07 kJ/mol (RB) and 21.19 kJ/mol 98.34 J/(molK), -7.84 kJ/mol (MMB) at 295.15 K, respectively. The quite high adsorption capacity and high adsorption rate of MMB will provide an important advantage for using of this material in basic dye solution.     

超声对含油浮渣脱水性能的影响

扬子石化炼油厂目前年产含油浮渣15000吨左右,由于含水率过大导致处置困难,利用价值不高。采用超声波辐照法对含油浮渣进行预处理,沉降一段时间后可降低其含水量,从而减少浮渣体积,达到简量化的目标。实验结果给出了达到最佳脱水效果时各影响因素如超声频率、声强、作用时间、沉降时间及沉降温度等的最适宜值。与原有采用添加絮凝剂过滤工艺相比较,具有一定的优越性：即在达到相同效果下,无需使用絮凝剂,从而降低含油浮渣的脱水成本;同时,在同样的沉降条件下,超声作用后的浮渣含水率更低。