Optical properties of plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy grown InN/sapphire

The optical properties of as-grown InN/sapphire films prepared by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) are characterized by photoluminescence (PL), Raman scattering (RS) and infrared (IR) reflectance techniques. The PL measurements have consistently exhibited lower values of InN band gaps providing clear indications of electron concentration dependent peak energy shifts and widths. The phonon modes identified by RS are found to be in good agreement with the grazing inelastic X-ray scattering measurements and ab initio lattice dynamical calculations. An effective medium theory used to analyze IR reflectance spectra of InN/sapphire films has provided reasonable estimates of free charge carrier concentrations.     

光谱相关能级匹配遥感目标提取算法

光谱相关能级波形匹配算法是在利用光谱相关系数确定谱带强度相似度,能级波形匹配技术确定波形特征相似度的基础上,将二者的乘积作为图像光谱与参考光谱间的总相似度来进行的高光谱遥感和多光谱遥感精确目标提取算法.在阐述基本原理的基础上,首先模拟了大气、噪声等边界条件对算法相似度的影响;其次,利用400个图像测试光谱对算法进行了精度评价;最后,对4种端元进行了目标提取.边界条件模拟结果表明,算法对大气效应具有较好的抑制作用,当大气效应小于模拟数值的50倍时,可以省略大气订正.虽然算法对噪声较为敏感,但通过噪声消除算法可以将该影响减小到最低,甚至将其消除掉;精度评价结果表明,算法的平均精度为85%.     

基于CEM的高光谱图像小目标检测算法

针对高光谱图像中小目标检测问题,提出了一种基于约束能量最小化(Constrained Energy Minimization,CEM)的目标检测算法.该算法首先对原始图像进行背景信息抑制从而抑制背景地物、突出低概率的小目标,用迭代误差分析的自动端元提取算法找出目标的端元光谱,然后把目标端元光谱代入CEM滤波器得到该目标的检测结果图.用高光谱数据进行了实验研究,并与CEM滤波器进行了比较.结果表明,其检测性能与直接采用CEM方法的检测性能相当,但是相对于CEM方法,该算法不需要目标的先验光谱信息,更具有实用性.     

UV激光刻蚀BOPP薄膜包装特性研究

目的研究UV激光刻蚀双向拉伸聚丙烯(BOPP)薄膜后分子结构的变化,分析UV激光刻蚀对薄膜结构及透氧、透湿和力学性能等包装性能的影响,以便更好应用于食品包装领域。方法通过激光扫描显微镜分析、红外光谱分析和拉曼光谱分析,研究不同刻蚀深度薄膜表面形貌及内部分子结构变化。结果红外光谱无变化,说明无新的非极性键产生,拉曼光谱出现荧光,在1613 cm-1处的特征峰说明C=C双键出现;激光刻蚀处理可以提高薄膜透氧和透湿性能,且随刻蚀深度增加而增加,薄膜正向氧气透过性大于反向,反向水蒸气透过性大于正向;薄膜机械性能下降,刻蚀线方向与拉伸方向垂直时,其力学性能下降要大于刻蚀线方向与拉伸方向平行。结论在使用UV激光刻蚀薄膜进行包装设计时须考虑薄膜方向以及刻蚀线方向。     

Raman and optical spectroscopy characteristics of Se-doped Bi12SiO20 crystals

Crystals of BSO doped with Se in two different concentrations (BSO:Se(I) and BSO:Se(II)) were grown by the Czochralski method. It is established that doping with Se is accompanied with preferential absorption of Fe from the melt. According to the in-depth chemical analysis, it is assumed that the doping Se ions enter the tetrahedral positions by means of the substitution of 3Si⁴⁺ by (Se⁶⁺ + 2Fe³⁺) ions. The measured absorption spectrum of the low-concentration Se-doped crystal (BSO:Se(I)) confirms such a conclusion as the absorption coefficient is increased in a broad spectral interval (1.4-3.1 eV) - an effect typical for all Fe-doped Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ crystals. The polarized Raman spectra of BSO:SeI show that the doping-induced lattice distortions are small. The IR spectrum of the BSO:SeI crystal yields indications for local lowering of the symmetry of the Fe-occupied tetrahedral positions. Doping with Se at high concentration (BSO:Se(II)) leads to occasional second phase inclusions and to a downshift of practically all modes in the Raman spectrum by 2-5.5 cm⁻¹. It is concluded that the doping with Se at high concentrations follows the same mechanism as that at low concentrations but the introduced lattice distortions are more significant, and lead to an enlargement of the unit cell while preserving the overall cubic symmetry.     

Correlated imaging with partially coherent light for remote sensing

Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral and the theory of coherence of light field, we have investigated the correlated imaging by using the transverse normalized second-order intensity fluctuation correlation function with partially coherent light radiation. The imaging for a reflected object with relative long distance is determined by the feature of speckle-to-speckle correlation. By using the correlation function, we study the effects of imaging distance, the sizes of object lens and reference lens, the source’s transverse coherent width and its transverse size on the quality of correlated imaging. Numerical results show that the parameters of imaging system and the properties of partially coherent light source have significant influences on the imaging resolution and visibility. For an object lens with large enough diameter, the resolution is determined by the transverse coherent width of light source. On the contrary, it depends on the aperture of object lens. The magnification of the system depends only on the propagation distance. This speckle-to-speckle correlated imaging with unbalanced arms have potential applications in remote sensing due to its unique features.     

类金刚石薄膜的紫外辐照研究

对射频等离子体方法制备的类金刚石（以下简称DLC）薄膜样品进行了紫外辐照,采用电阻率,Raman光谱及红外光谱研究了紫外光（以下简称UV）辐照对DLC薄膜结构与特征的影响,Raman光谱表明：紫外光对DLC薄膜中SP^3C-H键的破坏作用非常明显,红外（IR）光谱结果进一步验证了这一结果,经UV辐照后,DLC薄膜的电阻率呈变小趋势,这说明薄膜被强烈氧化,最后呈现石墨化趋势。     

高分辨率数字成像技术及其在遥感中的应用

高分辨率技术对于数字图像特征非常重要。尤其近20年来,数字成像技术大大推动了空间信息领域的发展。随着遥感应用需求的增加,获取高分辨率图像的任务非常紧迫。为了达到这个目标,我们的工作从四方面展开,分别是:空间分辨率、时间分辨率、光谱分辨率和辐射分辨率。根据不同的分辨率提出不同的成像方式,并设计了相应的原型系统。在此基础上,进行了大量的实验来验证各个成像方式的可行性。     

Label-free Raman monitoring of extracellular matrix formation in three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds

Monitoring extracellular matrix (ECM) components is one of the key methods used to determine tissue quality in three-dimensional scaffolds for regenerative medicine and clinical purposes. Raman spectroscopy can be used for non-invasive sensing of cellular and ECM biochemistry. We have investigated the use of conventional (confocal and semiconfocal) Raman microspectroscopy and fibre-optic Raman spectroscopy for in vitro monitoring of ECM formation in three-dimensional poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)–poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) scaffolds. Chondrocyte-seeded PEOT/PBT scaffolds were analysed for ECM formation by Raman microspectroscopy, biochemical analysis, histology and scanning electron microscopy. ECM deposition in these scaffolds was successfully detected by biochemical and histological analysis and by label-free non-destructive Raman microspectroscopy. In the spectra collected by the conventional Raman set-ups, the Raman bands at 937 and at 1062 cm⁻¹ which, respectively, correspond to collagen and sulfated glycosaminoglycans could be used as Raman markers for ECM formation in scaffolds. Collagen synthesis was found to be different in single chondrocyte-seeded scaffolds when compared with microaggregate-seeded samples. Normalized band-area ratios for collagen content of single cell-seeded samples gradually decreased during a 21-day culture period, whereas collagen content of the microaggregate-seeded samples significantly increased during this period. Moreover, a fibre-optic Raman set-up allowed for the collection of Raman spectra from multiple pores inside scaffolds in parallel. These fibre-optic measurements could give a representative average of the ECM Raman signal present in tissue-engineered constructs. Results in this study provide proof-of-principle that Raman microspectroscopy is a promising non-invasive tool to monitor ECM production and remodelling in three-dimensional porous cartilage tissue-engineered constructs.     

碳纤维复合材料界面性能研究

复合材料的界面问题具有其自身的特殊性、复杂性和重要性, 它不仅与材料的工艺有关, 而且也显著影响着复合材料的损伤和破坏过程。本文采用激光喇曼光谱技术测量了碳纤维复合材料内纤维单丝的微变形, 研究了应力传递机理及剪应力的分布。实验结果显示拉伸应变小于0. 8% 时, 纤维内的应变与端部的拉伸应变成线性关系。      

A low cost laser-raman spectrometer

A Jobin Yvon-Spex (HR640) monochromator with a notch filter (514·5 nm) and Ar⁺ ion laser has been used to set up a low cost laser Raman spectrometer. The selection and setup of the various optical components used in the present work has been solely carried out in our laboratory. The calibration of the monochromator was established from the studies of various standard mercury lines and the obtained data fitted with the reported data. Raman signals have been recorded for a number of samples e.g. diamond, ruby, carbon tetrachloride (CCI₄), benzene (C₆H₆) and ethanol (C₂H₅OH). The obtained results are found to be in excellent agreement with the reported values for these materials in the literature.     

Raman spectroscopy and imaging of graphene

Graphene has many unique properties that make it an ideal material for fundamental studies as well as for potential applications. Here we review recent results on the Raman spectroscopy and imaging of graphene. We show that Raman spectroscopy and imaging can be used as a quick and unambiguous method to determine the number of graphene layers. The strong Raman signal of single layer graphene compared to graphite is explained by an interference enhancement model. We have also studied the effect of substrates, the top layer deposition, the annealing process, as well as folding (stacking order) on the physical and electronic properties of graphene. Finally, Raman spectroscopy of epitaxial graphene grown on a SiC substrate is presented and strong compressive strain on epitaxial graphene is observed. The results presented here are highly relevant to the application of graphene in nano-electronic devices and help in developing a better understanding of the physical and electronic properties of graphene. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com