动态供应链谈判代理的设计及实现

面向动态供应链,引入智能代理技术,充分发挥智能多代理系统的自主性,重点就商业谈判体系以及其功能的设计与实现进行了较为深入的研究.根据业务交易的典型阶段,建立了业务谈判的多代理软件体系,给出了相应的谈判词汇表的描述.确立了谈判规则,并以DFA为工具描述谈判过程,进而实现了一个自主谈判过程.     

供应链网络的Agent仿真建模与其知识库构建研究

针对多级参与者相互影响的供应链网络,构建基于Agent的通用智能仿真建模平台及其知识库。提出了仿真平台体系结构和知识推理流程,根据供应链成员的运作过程设计了基本业务Agent类和仿真基础Agent类,来支持用户快速建立多级供应链网络的仿真模型。同时,对其角色特征和行为规则进行分析,结合博弈决策模型、生产运作流程等现有供应链研究理论和模型,构建Agent行为决策知识库,从而赋予Agent类行为知识推理能力。最终利用JADE和Jess构建了仿真建模平台及其知识库,并通过实例说明了该构建方法可行。     

敏捷供应链的敏捷性分析

根据"敏捷"思想发展状况及敏捷供应链的定义与内容,提出敏捷供应链的敏捷路线,从集成角度分析供应链敏捷性与集成的关系,在上述分析基础上给出增强供应链敏捷性的方法途径.     

基于MAS理论的装检机器人系统模型

建立了多智能体机器人系统模型,从逻辑学的角度对系统模型的各部分进行了定义和描述.根据具体情况的不同,系统中的Agent体系结构不尽相同,对于不同结构的Agent,本文进行了约束性描述,同时给出了各个Agent之间的协同策略.以装检机器人为模型,对系统构成进行了分析,并给出了试验验证结果.结果表明,MAS理论在多主体机器人系统中的应用可以提高系统的可靠性,具有较好的可扩展性和维护性.     

考虑供应链物流特点的库存与订购策略

指出企业所面临的需求不确定性除了来自最终顾客的需求多样性,往往还来自供应链结构特点.在此基础上探讨了考虑供应链物流特点情况下的库存与订购策略制定问题.以一个实际企业为背景,给出了一个建模分析框架,描述了如何根据企业实际情况建立模型,并利用企业已有数据获得针对性解决方案的具体过程和方法.最后还讨论了数据处理中需要注意的一些具体问题.     

基于Agent的水声对抗仿真系统建模与仿真分析

分析了水声对抗仿真系统的组成和特点,基于Agent方法进行了水声对抗仿真建模,建立了Agent实体的功能层、信息层和认知层的模型结构,给出了基于Agent的系统结构和个体Agent的建模过程,从一个新的视点上研究了水声对抗分布仿真系统,最后总结了这种仿真体系的特点和长处。     

集成AM、LP和MC策略的LAM供应链设计研究

供应链的集成研究对于提高供应链竞争力有非常大的意义,精益生产,敏捷制造,大规模定制造做为目前最先进的生产模式,他们单独与供应链集成各有优点和劣势,通过他们对比分析,提出了集成精益,敏捷和大规模定制3种策略的LAM供应链,并详细分析了LAM供应链集成方式,结构模型和实现途径.     

随机需求时上游段VMI模式利益分配模型研究

当需求随机时,通过比较包含一个制造商与多个供应商的上游段实施VMI前后的收益,首先建立Stackelberg博弈的价格补贴模型,但是该模型中,制造商自身的最大收益与供应链整体最大收益存在矛盾,于是提出基于Nash谈判的收益共享契约,可使供应链整体收益最大,但是当某些成员的谈判实力较弱时,收益却不如价格补贴下的收益。于是以价格补贴下的收益为起点,对供应链的最优收益进行Nash谈判。结果表明:与单独使用价格补贴或者基于Nash谈判的收益共享契约相比,以价格补贴模型下各方收益为起点进行的Nash谈判不仅使供应链整体期望收益最大,供应链各成员的收益也获得了提高。     

敏捷制造系统资源重构方法研究

分析了敏捷制造系统资源重构的内涵和特征，构造了一种基于多Agent的敏捷制造系统资源重构体系框架，并应用博弈论模型探讨了敏捷制造资源重构问题的求解方法，最后，提出了敏捷制造资源色有待解决的问题。     

不确定条件下供应链期权契约风险分担模型

供应链期权契约是应对市场需求不确定性的一种重要途径,然而期权价格又给供应链带来了新的风险。针对供应链期权契约的风险分担问题,提出了根据谈判能力协商确定期权价格从而达到风险分担的方法。在市场不确定条件下,以单个制造商和单个零售商组成的供应链为研究对象,建立了基于谈判能力的供应链期权契约风险分担模型,分析了谈判能力对供应链订购量、生产安排以及期望收益的影响。研究发现,期权契约可以提高供应链各成员的期望收益,随着制造商谈判能力的增强,零售商的订单数量增加,期权数量减少,制造商的谈判能力降低了供应链的总期望收益。通过数值仿真分析,进一步验证了通过谈判分担期权契约风险的有效性,获得了对制定供应链期权价格具有指导意义的研究结论。      

Bid generation and evaluation for MANPro-based real time scheduling

This paper proposes a bid generation and evaluation scheme and an information model for real-time scheduling. It is well known that an agent-based control approach performs according to both the negotiation mechanism itself and the single agent internal strategic policies. Mobile agent-based negotiation process (MANPro), which has been proposed in our previous work, concerns the first issue of the negotiation mechanism. This paper concerns the second issue of the single agent internal strategic policies. It explains how bids are generated and evaluated and how agents obtain mutual agreement in MANPro. First, the generic bid generation and evaluation framework for MANPro-based negotiation is proposed. Then, the generic framework is applied to a real-time scheduling system for a distributed shop floor control system (SFCS).     

A hybrid multi-agent negotiation protocol supporting supplier selection for multiple products with synergy effect

Supplier selection is an important problem in supply chain management. In practice, it is common for a purchasing company to procure a bundle of products simultaneously. In this regard, synergy effect could exist between products and hence affect the final choice of suppliers. It is therefore necessary to incorporate the synergy effect between products in supplier selection process. Agent-based negotiation models are applied to automate supplier selection process. Negotiation protocol is an essential component should be considered when building an effective agent negotiation model. The objective of this research is to propose a negotiation protocol special for multi-product supplier selection problem. The negotiation protocol is a hybrid multi-agent protocol of combinatorial procurement auction protocol and multi-bilateral bargaining protocol. The negotiation protocol is able to support the purchasing company and suppliers negotiate on the concrete commitments of multiple products simultaneously, and select suppliers for multiple products. In addition, both the purchasing company and suppliers can express their preferences on the synergy effect between products in negotiation process by adopting the negotiation protocol. Simulation is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the negotiation protocol.     

MANPro: mobile agent-based negotiation process for distributed intelligent manufacturing

This paper examines negotiation procedures in an agent-based distributed shop floor control system (SFCS). A distributed SFCS is under a heterogeneous environment, which is controlled through negotiations between autonomous agents. The negotiation-based control can be considered as the core of a distributed control paradigm. An efficient information exchanging mechanism and an information model with reasonable structure are indispensable for effective negotiations. This paper proposes a novel negotiation mechanism, called a mobile agent-based negotiation process (MANPro), which applies a mobile agent system to the process of information exchange. Since using mobile agents allows each component to execute asynchronously and autonomously and to adapt dynamically to the execution environment, MANPro may guarantee autonomy of agents. Moreover, it is possible to build a fully distributed and autonomous SFCS by using MANPro. MANPro is based on the agent-based control architecture, which includes a communication architecture and an information architecture. The communication architecture provides the exchanging mechanism of information, defining functional modules to support the mechanism while the information architecture provides the framework for information modelling on negotiation, proposing information models required for introducing the ontology concept.     

Conflict detection and resolution for goal formation in the fractal manufacturing system

The fractal manufacturing system (FrMS) is based on the concept of autonomously cooperating agents referred to as fractals. A fractal is a set of self-similar agents whose goal can be achieved through cooperation, coordination, and negotiation among the agents for themselves. A fractal has fractal-specific characteristics (e.g. self-similarity, self-organization, self-optimization, goal-orientation, and dynamics), and it also has the characteristics of an agent (e.g. autonomy, mobility, intelligence, cooperation, and adaptability) at the same time. In the FrMS, a goal can be regarded as the status which the system aspires to be in. The goal-formation process (GFP) in the FrMS is a process of generating goals and modifying them by coordination between agents. In the GFP, conflicts may occur between goals, which can drive a system to become inefficient. In this paper, a conflict resolution mechanism via agent-based negotiation is proposed for facilitating the GFP. The scheme deals with non-fixed goals. The mobile agent-based negotiation process (MANPro), in which a mobile agent is used for information-exchanging and problem-solving, is used for negotiations in this scheme. The proposed mechanism is illustrated with a goal formation scenario in an exemplary FrMS.     

A multi-agent protocol for multilateral negotiations in supply chain management

Within a supply chain network, it is common for companies to engage in negotiations to resolve conflicts in task allocation and order fulfilment problems. This kind of supply chain negotiation is usually regarded as buyer–seller negotiation. In recent years, multi-agent systems have been established to automate buyer–seller negotiations. However, most have limitations in handling complex negotiation scenarios such as multilateral negotiations and multi-issue negotiations. This paper presents ECNPro (the Extended Contract-Net-like multilateral Protocol), which is a new multi-agent protocol for handling buyer–seller negotiations in supply chain management. ECNPro is designed to handle agent bargaining and interactions in complex multilateral and multi-issue negotiations in which the buyer has to negotiate with many suppliers. The multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) approach is adopted to establish the utility functions for a set of negotiation issues in the bargaining process. It adopts a multi-threaded approach to allow the buyer to bargain concurrently with multiple suppliers. ECNPro is able to split an order to more than one supplier to achieve a better negotiation payoff. In addition, mobile agents are employed in ECNPro, the buyer sends mobile agents to sites of the sellers to conduct bargaining locally. This approach improves the negotiation efficiency significantly.     

Model for negotiating the price and due date for a single order with multiple suppliers in a make-to-order environment

The nature of the business of a make-to-order company complicates its procurement activities. This paper is concerned with the development of a model for price and due-date negotiations between a manufacturer and its multiple suppliers in fulfilling a single order from a customer in a make-to-order environment. The developed negotiation model incorporates several established negotiation theories: aspiration level, limit level, natural forces acting on a negotiator and effective alternatives. Instead of presenting a single alternative for an offer in the current round of negotiation, we apply the Interactive Weighted-Tchebycheff method to generate a set of effective alternatives for presentation to the decision-maker in each round of the negotiation process. By giving a set of alternatives, we provide a degree of freedom to incorporate the decision-maker's preference in making offers and counter-offers during the negotiation process.     

Integrated model for supplier selection and negotiation in a make-to-order environment

The paper deals with the development of an integrated supplier selection and negotiation process for multiple parts/materials procurement. The main objective is to integrate decisions in the internal supply chain of a make-to-order manufacturer. Two main decisions during the negotiation process are considered: (1) the manufacturing planning decision responsible for determining the production schedule and fabrication lot size and (2) the supplier selection decision concerning which suppliers are selected for company business and the order volume allocated to each selected supplier. The model is designed to support the negotiation process by generating a set of effective alternatives in each negotiation period. Its structure is multi-objective and non-linear. The combination of the interactive weighted Tchebycheff method and Benders decomposition method is applied to generate a set of effective alternatives to support the decision-maker in each negotiation period.     

虚拟企业战略性合作伙伴利益分配方法研究

从委托一代理的角度可把虚拟合作伙伴分为战略性合作伙伴与委托代理型合作伙伴,着重研究虚拟企业战略性合作伙伴的利益分配问题。从博弈论角度认证了共享产出模式适合战略性合作伙伴,利用NASH协商模型建立了以保留收益为谈判基点的虚拟企业战略性合作伙伴利益分配模型,并提出了一种二次利益分配模型。     

基于TOPSIS算法的双边多议题智能协商

由于协商信息的不完备性以及为了协商双方的联合效用最大,提出了一种基于TOPSIS算法的双边多议题智能协商模型。在协商过程中依据一定的规则进行妥协让步。在保证自身效用的前提下,利用TOPSIS算法搜索出最优的提议发送给对方,从而最大化双方效用。通过算例模拟了该方法并比较了在完备信息与不完备信息两种情形下联合效用的差距,据此验证本方法的有效性。