共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 421 毫秒
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线列阵波束从法线方向向端射方向扫描时,基阵束宽bw逐渐增大,而同时使基阵加权逐渐变浅,加权对束宽增大的影响逐渐减小,适当选取加权系数可使基阵束宽在波束扫描时基本相等。文中计算并分析了楔比雪夫加权线阵旁瓣级-rs与波束展宽系数fbw相对方向性指数(DI-DI0)的关系,给出了等束宽64元楔比雪夫加权线列阵的计算结果,最后分析了线列阵相对阵元间隔d/γ变化对(DI-DI0)的影响。 相似文献
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针对互辐射阻对基阵的辐射功率的影响,计算了圆面活塞水声换能器及其基阵的辐射阻抗;分析了二元阵的互辐射阻特性,当阵元半径小于λ/2时,阵元间互辐射影响较强且呈现一定的规律性,当阵元半径大于λ/2时,阵元间互辐阻影响非常小,因此试图通过改善互辐射阻来提高辐射功率,阵元的半径应小于λ/2;在分析了二元阵、均匀线列阵和N×N均匀平面阵的互辐射阻特性基础上,对阵元半径小于λ/2的基阵布阵方式进行了优化设计,使其能获得较大的辐射功率。研究结果表明:阵元半径小于0.22λ时,密排方式最佳;阵元半径0.22λ〈a〈λ/2时,阵元间距为5λ/4布阵方式最佳。 相似文献
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介绍西北工业大学开发的水声基阵波束分析与优化设计软件.该软件针对给定的基阵形式,可以设计期望的波束图,然后通过优化方法获得最优的波束形成权系数.同时软件还可以分析水声基阵的常规波束图和最优波束图,并计算波束图的主瓣宽度、旁瓣级、栅瓣位置、指向性指数等主要指标.软件中考虑的基阵形式主要有直线阵、圆阵、圆柱阵、平面阵、球阵、体积阵等.本软件的有效性通过波束优化设计与分析实例得到了验证. 相似文献
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Talman JR Lockwood GR 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》2000,47(1):117-124
Developing transducer arrays for high frequency medical imaging is complicated because of the extremely small size and spacing of the array elements. For example, a 50 MHz linear phased array requires a center-to-center spacing of only 15 mum (one-half wavelength in water) to avoid the formation of grating lobes in the radiation pattern of the array. Fabricating an array with these dimensions is difficult using conventional technology. A split aperture design that permits much larger element spacing (3 to 4 times) while avoiding the formation of grating lobes is described. The 3-D radiation pattern of a 1.9x1.4 mm, 50-MHz split aperture linear phased array with 33 transmit elements and 33 receive elements has been evaluated theoretically. The azimuthal beam width is 90 mum at a distance of 4.0 mm. Grating lobes are suppressed by at least 60 dB at distances >4.0 mm (~f/2). The elevation beam width is 220 mum at 4.0 mm, and a useful depth of field over the axial range from 4 to 10 mm is obtained. 相似文献
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Shi C Gan WS 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》2011,58(2):437-450
In the past two decades, the majority of research on the parametric loudspeaker has concentrated on the nonlinear modeling of acoustic propagation and pre-processing techniques to reduce nonlinear distortion in sound reproduction. There are, however, very few studies on directivity control of the parametric loudspeaker. In this paper, we propose an equivalent circular Gaussian source array that approximates the directivity characteristics of the linear ultrasonic transducer array. By using this approximation, the directivity of the sound beam from the parametric loudspeaker can be predicted by the product directivity principle. New theoretical results, which are verified through measurements, are presented to show the effectiveness of the delay-and-sum beamsteering structure for the parametric loudspeaker. Unlike the conventional loudspeaker array, where the spacing between array elements must be less than half the wavelength to avoid spatial aliasing, the parametric loudspeaker can take advantage of grating lobe elimination to extend the spacing of ultrasonic transducer array to more than 1.5 wavelengths in a typical application. 相似文献
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激光超声技术具有非接触、检测效率高等优点,在无损检测领域受到广泛关注;充分利用激光超声技术的高空间分辨率特性,结合密集型矩形阵列和激光Lamb波技术进行板中缺陷检测。采用连续小波变换对频带宽、时域分辨率低的激光Lamb波信号进行提取,得到特定频率下具有高时域分辨率的窄带信号;利用线性映射补偿技术消除所提取窄带信号中的频散,消除频散的信号用于缺陷成像;最后,结合幅值成像技术和符号相干因子成像技术对频散补偿后的信号进行处理,实现铝板中缺陷的成像和定位。在此基础上,进一步对不同的阵元数量和阵元间距对密集型矩形阵列指向性和缺陷成像质量的影响进行分析。当阵元数量为16,阵元间距为一个Lamb波波长时,主瓣宽度较窄且没有栅瓣出现,缺陷成像质量得到有效提高。 相似文献
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文章介绍了一种二阶镶拼圆管矢量接收换能器的设计方法,获得了类偶极子指向性以及波束宽度更为锐化的类四极子指向性。利用理论计算以及有限元仿真分析了镶拼圆管的指向性以及接收灵敏度,并实际制作了二阶镶拼圆管矢量接收换能器。在消声水池的测试表明,灵敏度测试结果与有限元仿真计算结果吻合较好,镶拼圆管矢量接收换能器类偶极子指向性图-3 dB波束宽度在95°左右,类四极子指向性图-3 dB波束宽度在40°左右,二阶矢量指向性图波束宽度明显比一阶矢量指向性图波束宽度更加锐化。 相似文献
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Brunke S.S. Lockwood G.R. 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》1997,44(5):1101-1109
The fabrication of a dense (one-half wavelength element spacing) two-dimensional (2D) transducer array suitable for medical ultrasound imaging is unrealistic using existing technology. Consequently, there is interest in developing sparse 2D transducer arrays. In this paper, we present the results of a study looking at the broad-bandwidth radiation patterns of 72 different sparse 2D vernier arrays. Suppression of grating lobes is achieved by choosing a different arrangement of transmit and receive elements using an analogy with a vernier scale. The broad-bandwidth radiation patterns were investigated by simulating volumetric sector scan of a point target. We summarize these results by deriving a set of design curves that predicts the minimum number of elements, element spacing, and apodization required for a desired beam width and maximum secondary lobe. The results show that a sparse vernier array can be designed with significantly lower average and peak secondary lobes compared with a sparse random array with the same number of elements and aperture size 相似文献
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Lee C Benkeser PJ 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》1992,39(1):43-47
A computationally efficient method is presented for calculating field pressure distributions from a circular phased array transducer. This method employs a form of the rectangular radiator approach modified for use with the geometry of a circular array. The curved surface of the elements, radiating either continuous wave or pulsed excitation signals, is divided into incremental rectangular areas small enough so that the Fraunhofer approximation can be applied. Once the directivity of a single element is found, the array beam pattern can be calculated using superposition and suitable coordinate transformations. The validity of this approach is verified through comparisons with experimental data from a circular phased array. The results show that the location and amplitude of the grating lobes and main lobe width can be predicted with reasonable accuracy by using this method. 相似文献
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指向性是衡量辐射体声学性能的重要参数。同相弯曲振动方板阶梯辐射体具有辐射阻抗低、面积大等特点,可广泛应用于大功率气介质超声领域。分别从材料、几何尺寸两个方面对影响辐射体指向性的因素进行了研究。并以材料为钢,边长为50 mm,基底厚度为6 mm,阶梯厚度为10 mm的方板阶梯辐射体(Ⅱ~#)为例,利用有限元将辐射体划分为多个微元,提取各微元位移振幅,计算其指向性。计算结果表明,工作频率一定时,材料对辐射体的指向性没有影响;当辐射体边长与基底厚度的比值较小时,其指向性较尖锐。实验测试与理论计算结果相符,方板阶梯辐射体指向性图案有单一主瓣,其辐射主要集中在主轴方向,形成一个半开角宽度较小的锥形射线束。 相似文献
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将自适应加权方法应用于波束图的主瓣控制研究,提出了方向不变恒定束宽波束形成算法。在波束图旁瓣区域引入若干虚拟干扰源,自适应调整干扰强度,改变波束形状。以主瓣某一指向的波束宽度为参考,以每次迭代后波束图最低旁瓣峰值与主瓣峰值的差作为下次迭代运算的预设主旁瓣比,在保持主瓣区域宽度不变的情况下,用自适应综合的方法获得不同主瓣指向上的最低均匀旁瓣。将该算法应用于均匀线阵和半球面阵,均在±60°的范围内得到了方向不变恒定束宽波束。研究表明,该算法不仅适用于均匀线列阵,也可用于任意结构阵列。 相似文献